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Showing 1481 - 1500 of 1966 results

The hidden history of hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Barnes H ;

Blanc, Paul

2022/01/20 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a relatively new construct, first reported in the early 20th century, despite major aetiological factors (farming, bird husbandry) having been part of human activities for millennia. Initial confirmed HP reports included exposure to farming and forestry (1932) and bird exposure (1965), much more recently than is ...

12/01/2025

Title : The hidden history of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Personal Author(s) : Barnes H;Blanc, Paul;Jones K; Published Date : 2022/01/20 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249491 Barnes H et al. (2022). The hidden history of hypersensitivity pneumonitis.. 59(1). Barnes H and Blanc, Paul and Jones K "The hidden history of hypersensitivity pneumonitis." 59, no. 1 (2022) Barnes H et al. "The hidden history of hypersensitivity pneumonitis." vol. 59, no. 1, 2022 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Barnes H AU - Blanc, Paul AU - Jones K AB - Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a relatively new construct, first reported in the early 20th century, despite major aetiological factors (farming, bird husbandry) having been part of human activities for millennia. Initial confirmed HP reports included exposure to farming and forestry (1932) and bird exposure (1965), much more recently than is often assumed. Later changes in occupational and living practices have led to HP associated with isocyanates, machine coolants, indoor mould, hot tubs and other exposures. Evolution of our pathological understanding of interstitial lung disease in general, wider computed tomography utilisation and advances in immunology and genomics have shaped our modern conceptualisation of HP. Examining historical accounts of HP and its causative factors not only considers when the first cases were recognised, but also explores why the disease emerged at specific times and places, and may provide further insights relevant to the mechanisms underlying HP and disease prevention. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249491 IS - 1 KW - Farmers KW - Forestry KW - Lung Diseases KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Pathology KW - Respiratory System KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases KW - Safety KW - Hypersensitivity pneumonitis; Farmers; Forestry; Bird breeders; Pathology; Lung disease; Respiratory diseases; Disease prevention; Occupational exposure KW - Farmers KW - Forestry KW - Lung Diseases KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Pathology KW - Respiratory System KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2022/01/20 TI - The hidden history of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. VL - 59 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249491 ER -
Inorganic dust exposure during military service as a predictor of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune conditions.

Blanc PD ;

Schmajuk G

2021/07/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other autoimmune (AI) conditions are associated with inorganic dust exposure. Many military activities are likely to entail inorganic dust exposures. We wished to identify associations between prior military dust exposure and RA and other AI conditions. Methods: We studied persons from a roster of Army, Navy ...

12/01/2025

Title : Inorganic dust exposure during military service as a predictor of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune conditions. Personal Author(s) : Blanc PD;Schmajuk G;Trupin L;Ying D; Published Date : 2021/07/01 Pages in Document : 466-474 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249490 Blanc PD et al. (2021). Inorganic dust exposure during military service as a predictor of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune conditions.. 3(7). Blanc PD et al. "Inorganic dust exposure during military service as a predictor of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune conditions." 3, no. 7 (2021) Blanc PD et al. "Inorganic dust exposure during military service as a predictor of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune conditions." vol. 3, no. 7, 2021 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Blanc PD AU - Schmajuk G AU - Trupin L AU - Ying D AB - Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other autoimmune (AI) conditions are associated with inorganic dust exposure. Many military activities are likely to entail inorganic dust exposures. We wished to identify associations between prior military dust exposure and RA and other AI conditions. Methods: We studied persons from a roster of Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps personnel who had served in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operations Iraqi Freedom and New Dawn. We linked military occupational codes to a job exposure matrix assigning dust exposure likelihood. We used the Veterans Affairs Health Care System (VAHCS) electronic health care records to identify cases of RA, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), vasculitis, and inflammatory myositis. Generalized estimating equations modeled risk of RA and other AI conditions associated with dust exposure, taking into account military service branch, age at first VAHCS encounter, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking status, and years of military service. Results: Of 438 086 veterans (68% ever-smokers), 44% were classified with likely or somewhat likely dust exposure. Cases included 1139 cases with RA, 467 cases with SLE, and 180 cases with other AI diseases (SSc, vasculitis, or inflammatory myositis). Military dust exposure was associated with increased odds of RA (odds ratio [OR] = 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.003-1.20) and increased odds of SSc, vasculitis, or inflammatory myositis (OR = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.14-1.34) but was protective for SLE (OR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.76-0.88). Conclusion: Dust exposure during past military service comprises an occupational and environmental risk factor for RA and other AI diseases. This is potentially relevant for prevention activities. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249490 IS - 7 KW - Dust KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Immune System KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Rheumatoid disorders; Autoimmune diseases; Dust exposure; Military personnel; Immune system disorders; Occupational exposure; Environmental exposure; Dusts KW - Dust KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Immune System KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2021/07/01 TI - Inorganic dust exposure during military service as a predictor of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune conditions. VL - 3 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249490 ER -
The relationship between hand and wrist musculoskeletal disorders and hand activity and posture.

Henry WM

2019/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Musculoskeletal disorders are common in many industries such as automotive, manufacturing and line assembly. Risk factors include high frequency or hand repetition, long duration of work activities with short rest periods, unsustainable postures which put strain on the body and muscles, and activities that require significant force to fulfill dutie ...

12/01/2025

Title : The relationship between hand and wrist musculoskeletal disorders and hand activity and posture. Personal Author(s) : Henry WM Published Date : 2019/06/01 Pages in Document : 1-14 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249489 Henry WM (2019). The relationship between hand and wrist musculoskeletal disorders and hand activity and posture.. Henry WM "The relationship between hand and wrist musculoskeletal disorders and hand activity and posture." (2019) Henry WM "The relationship between hand and wrist musculoskeletal disorders and hand activity and posture." , 2019 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Thesis AU - Henry WM AB - Musculoskeletal disorders are common in many industries such as automotive, manufacturing and line assembly. Risk factors include high frequency or hand repetition, long duration of work activities with short rest periods, unsustainable postures which put strain on the body and muscles, and activities that require significant force to fulfill duties. The current ACGIH TLV for hand activity uses hand activity level (HAL) and normalized peak force (NPF) to assess an individual's risk of developing an MSD. The purpose of this study is to propose the use of Posture as an alternative to NPF and couple it with HAL to assess the risk of an MSD. The data used in this paper come from an automotive study conducted at four automotive manufacturing plants. An estimated 50 interviews were conducted at each of the four plants in an effort to document if any worker had recently experienced an MSD which would then be termed as a case. A case was determined by one of two methods, the first being if the employee visited the plant clinic for pain experienced while on the job, the second occurred through an interview conducted by a USF investigator in which the employee answered yes to having pain or discomfort that interfered with work, play or sleep and there was a treatment-seeking behavior. The analysis revealed HAL and Posture can be used to assess potential MSD development in exposed workers. Logistic regression was conducted, and it showed statistical significance when using HAL and Posture to assess MSDs developing in workers exposed in occupational settings. In place of NPF, Posture can be used with HAL to assess MSDs in occupational settings. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249489 KW - Accidents, Occupational KW - Mining KW - Mortality KW - Occupational Health KW - Occupational Injuries KW - Safety KW - Musculoskeletal system disorders; MSD; Upper extremities; Exposure levels; Risk factors; Automotive industry; Manufacturing; Repetitive work; Posture; Muscles; Muscle stress; Force; TLV; Threshold limit values; Hand injuries; KW - Author Keywords: musculoskeletal disorders; hand activity; hand frequency KW - Accidents, Occupational KW - Mining KW - Mortality KW - Occupational Health KW - Occupational Injuries KW - Safety LA - eng PB - University of South Florida PY - 2019/06/01 TI - The relationship between hand and wrist musculoskeletal disorders and hand activity and posture. UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249489 ER -
The ability of the U.S. military's WBGT-based flag system to recommend safe heat stress exposures.

Almario DR

2019/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

The U.S. military currently uses a flag system based on wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and metabolic rate to recommend heat stress exposure limits. This paper addresses the ability of the flag system to recommend safe heat exposures in a non-military population. Two progressive heat stress studies provided data on 528 observations of safe or uns ...

12/01/2025

Title : The ability of the U.S. military's WBGT-based flag system to recommend safe heat stress exposures. Personal Author(s) : Almario DR Published Date : 2019/03/01 Pages in Document : 1-28 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249488 Almario DR (2019). The ability of the U.S. military's WBGT-based flag system to recommend safe heat stress exposures.. Almario DR "The ability of the U.S. military's WBGT-based flag system to recommend safe heat stress exposures." (2019) Almario DR "The ability of the U.S. military's WBGT-based flag system to recommend safe heat stress exposures." , 2019 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Thesis AU - Almario DR AB - The U.S. military currently uses a flag system based on wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and metabolic rate to recommend heat stress exposure limits. This paper addresses the ability of the flag system to recommend safe heat exposures in a non-military population. Two progressive heat stress studies provided data on 528 observations of safe or unsafe exposures of 4 hours over a range of WBGT conditions and metabolic rates using 29 participants wearing woven cotton clothing. For the two studies, range of WBGT conditions was 25 to 42 degrees C, and the range of metabolic rates was 100 to 650 watts. These exposures were compared with the flag system's recommendations of safe exposure to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the flag system. A separate study provided 62 observations with participants undergoing a time-limited protocol at constant WBGT conditions. Observed durations of safe exposure time were compared to the flag system's recommended safe limits to determine sensitivity and specificity. Based on the progressive protocol, sensitivity and specificity of the flag system for five ranges of WBGT and three categories of metabolic rate were 0.98 and 0.25, respectively. For the time-limited protocol, which applied only to the highest range of WBGT and light and moderate metabolic rate, both sensitivity and specificity were zero. This study suggests that the flag system has high sensitivity but low specificity for long duration exposures, along with low sensitivity and specificity for time-limited exposures. However, the WBGT exposures in the time-limited trials were substantially higher than the threshold for the highest WBGT range in the flag system, which may account for the system's unexpected performance in the time-limited protocol. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249488 KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Heat Stress Disorders KW - Hot Temperature KW - Men KW - Occupational Health KW - Risk Assessment KW - Risk Factors KW - Safety KW - Women KW - Military personnel; Metabolic rate; Heat stress; Exposure levels; Exposure limits; Risk factors; Safety; Heat exposure; Humans; Men; Women; KW - Author Keywords: sensitivity; specificity; occupational; prevention KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Heat Stress Disorders KW - Hot Temperature KW - Men KW - Occupational Health KW - Risk Assessment KW - Risk Factors KW - Safety KW - Women LA - eng PB - University of South Florida PY - 2019/03/01 TI - The ability of the U.S. military's WBGT-based flag system to recommend safe heat stress exposures. UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249488 ER -
Seasonal and areal variability in PM 2.5 poses differential degranulation and pro-inflammatory effects on RBL-2H3 cells.

Chen J ;

Hong Y

2021/09/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

PM2.5 pollution is a widespread environmental and health problem, particularly in China. Besides leading to well-known diseases in the respiratory system, PM2.5 can also alter immune function to induce or aggravate allergic diseases. To determine whether there are temporal and spatial differences in the allergic responses to PM2.5, monthly samples ...

12/01/2025

Title : Seasonal and areal variability in PM 2.5 poses differential degranulation and pro-inflammatory effects on RBL-2H3 cells. Personal Author(s) : Chen J;Hong Y;Huang W;Luo X-S;Pang Y;Pinkerton KE;Tang M;Wu L; Published Date : 2021/09/01 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249487 Chen J et al. (2021). Seasonal and areal variability in PM 2.5 poses differential degranulation and pro-inflammatory effects on RBL-2H3 cells.. 279 Chen J et al. "Seasonal and areal variability in PM 2.5 poses differential degranulation and pro-inflammatory effects on RBL-2H3 cells." 279 (2021) Chen J et al. "Seasonal and areal variability in PM 2.5 poses differential degranulation and pro-inflammatory effects on RBL-2H3 cells." vol. 279, 2021 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Chen J AU - Hong Y AU - Huang W AU - Luo X-S AU - Pang Y AU - Pinkerton KE AU - Tang M AU - Wu L AB - PM2.5 pollution is a widespread environmental and health problem, particularly in China. Besides leading to well-known diseases in the respiratory system, PM2.5 can also alter immune function to induce or aggravate allergic diseases. To determine whether there are temporal and spatial differences in the allergic responses to PM2.5, monthly samples were collected from four regions (urban, industrial, suburban, and rural areas) through a whole year in Nanjing city, China. Inorganic chemical components (metals and water-soluble ions) of PM2.5 were analyzed, and the rat basophil cells (RBL-2H3) exposed to PM2.5 were assessed through quantitative measures of degranulation (beta-hex and histamine) and pro-inflammation cytokine (IL-4 and TNF-a) expression. The highest levels of beta-hex were measured in winter and spring PM2.5 from urban and industrial areas, or autumn PM2.5 from suburban and rural areas. With respect to histamine, autumn PM2.5 samples were most potent irrespective of the location. Autumn and winter PM2.5 induced higher levels of IL-4 than spring and summer samples. However, spring and autumn PM2.5 caused higher levels of TNF-a. The concentrations of water-soluble ions (NH4+, K+ and Cl-), as well as heavy metals (Pb and Cr), were directly and statistically correlated to the inflammation observed in vitro. In general, the differences between regional and seasonal PM2.5 in stimulating cell degranulation may depend on endotoxin and airborne allergen content of PM2.5. The heavy metals and water-soluble ions in PM2.5 were mostly anthropogenic, which increased the particles' mass-based cellular inflammatory potential, therefore, their health risks, e.g. from vehicular exhaust, coal, and biomass combustion, cannot be ignored. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249487 KW - Aerosols KW - Air Pollution KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Hypersensitivity KW - Immune System KW - Occupational Health KW - Particulate Matter KW - Safety KW - Particulates; Air pollution; Aerosol particles; Allergies; Allergic disorders; Immune reaction; Seasonal factors; Histamines; Environmental exposure; Cellular reactions; KW - Author Keywords: Atmospheric fine particulate pollution; Health effects; Allergy; Inflammation; Temporal and spatial changes; Urban functional areas KW - Aerosols KW - Air Pollution KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Hypersensitivity KW - Immune System KW - Occupational Health KW - Particulate Matter KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2021/09/01 TI - Seasonal and areal variability in PM 2.5 poses differential degranulation and pro-inflammatory effects on RBL-2H3 cells. VL - 279 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249487 ER -
Penetration through the staple punctures on five N95 respirator models.

Medina DE

2014/11/03 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Certain N95 FFR models that staple the head straps directly onto filtering material are commercially available. This method of assembly can tear or reduce fiber density in the immediate area surrounding the staple punctures. Five N95 FFR models were evaluated to determine if staple punctures on the filter medium reduce the protection offered by the ...

12/01/2025

Title : Penetration through the staple punctures on five N95 respirator models. Personal Author(s) : Medina DE Published Date : 2014/11/03 Pages in Document : 1-85 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249486 Medina DE (2014). Penetration through the staple punctures on five N95 respirator models.. Medina DE "Penetration through the staple punctures on five N95 respirator models." (2014) Medina DE "Penetration through the staple punctures on five N95 respirator models." , 2014 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Dissertation AU - Medina DE AB - Certain N95 FFR models that staple the head straps directly onto filtering material are commercially available. This method of assembly can tear or reduce fiber density in the immediate area surrounding the staple punctures. Five N95 FFR models were evaluated to determine if staple punctures on the filter medium reduce the protection offered by the respirators. Total penetrations were measured with the staple punctures intact and when stretching the head straps a distance equivalent to a 95% male head circumference. Filter penetration were measured by sealing the staple punctures. Aerosols of 200, 500, and 1000 nm were used to challenge respirators at 28 and 85 Liter/min flow rates. Staple punctures were visually inspected by macrophotography with a light source on the opposing side of the punctures. Three FFR models had greater mean leakages than the remaining two. However, only two FFR models had statistically significant greater total penetrations than filter penetrations. Pulling the head straps increased total penetration, but was not statistically significant. Filter penetrations were greatest at 85 Liter/min and 200 nm, while leakages were greatest at 28 Liter/min flow rate and 1000 nm. Leakage through the staple punctures had greater contributions to total penetration than filter penetration allowing a greater percentage of 1000 nm particles into the breathing zone. Leakage was dependent on the tearing of the filter material or the reduction of fiber density near the puncture, regardless of filter efficiency. Total penetration to filter penetration ratios showed that leakage was greater than filter penetration 15 fold for 1,000 nm. This value is similar to what has been reported for face seal leaks on human subjects. Protection factors were reduced from approximately 930 to approximately 60 when the staple punctures created a tear. N95 FFR with stapled head straps that puncture the filter medium should be avoided because they can reduce protection to the user. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249486 KW - Aerosols KW - Occupational Health KW - Particulate Matter KW - Personal Protective Equipment KW - Respiratory Protective Devices KW - Safety KW - Respirators; N95 filtering facepiece respirators; Models; Protective materials; Protective measures; Protective equipment; Aerosols; Filters; Particulates; Breathing zone; KW - Author Keywords: PPE; Leakage; Head Straps; Aerosol; Filter KW - Aerosols KW - Occupational Health KW - Particulate Matter KW - Personal Protective Equipment KW - Respiratory Protective Devices KW - Safety LA - eng PB - University of South Florida PY - 2014/11/03 TI - Penetration through the staple punctures on five N95 respirator models. UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249486 ER -
Place matters: residential racial segregation and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Balmes JR

2021/09/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

The combination of the striking racial disparities in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outcomes and the tragic series of the deaths of Black people caused by police violence during the pandemic has brought unprecedented attention to the structural racism that persists in the United States. Segregation by race and ethnicity is a prominent feature of A ...

12/01/2025

Title : Place matters: residential racial segregation and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Personal Author(s) : Balmes JR Published Date : 2021/09/01 Pages in Document : 496-498 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249485 Balmes JR (2021). Place matters: residential racial segregation and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.. 204(5). Balmes JR "Place matters: residential racial segregation and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." 204, no. 5 (2021) Balmes JR "Place matters: residential racial segregation and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." vol. 204, no. 5, 2021 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Balmes JR AB - The combination of the striking racial disparities in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outcomes and the tragic series of the deaths of Black people caused by police violence during the pandemic has brought unprecedented attention to the structural racism that persists in the United States. Segregation by race and ethnicity is a prominent feature of American cities that has not diminished over time despite civil rights laws. Black-segregated neighborhoods have been disproportionately burdened by many adverse social, economic, and environmental factors. Historical "redlining" was a federally promoted program during the 1930s and 1940s that inflicted severe and permanent economic harm to communities of color by systematically denying residents home mortgage loans. This overtly racist policy deprived Black families of legacy wealth as home property has been the primary vehicle for accumulating such wealth and is one of the major reasons for the Black-White income gap in the United States. Despite enactment of legislation to prevent segregation-promoting real estate practices, many formerly redlined neighborhoods remain very segregated. These neighborhoods are more likely to be characterized by poverty, greater exposures to air pollution, less green space, less access to healthy foods, more liquor stores, more violent crime, and poorer housing-all factors that contribute to heath disparities. For example, residents of the formerly redlined community of West Oakland have almost 7 years lower average life expectancy than the more affluent and White residents of the Oakland hills. ... In brief, racial segregation has been independently shown to be a fundamental cause of health disparities in general and in asthma in specific. Thus, it is not surprising that this consequence of structural racism has now been associated with COPD outcomes. The opportunity and challenge of this newly demonstrated association is for pulmonary healthcare providers to identify those at highest risk and intervene as early as possible to mitigate the health consequences of racial segregation. We have the responsibility to our patients and society at large to advocate for policies to reduce disproportionate exposure to indoor and outdoor air pollution, improve substandard housing, increase access to healthy foods and green space, and reduce exposure to community and police violence. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249485 IS - 5 KW - Air Pollution KW - Asthma KW - Asthma, Occupational KW - Economics KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Healthcare Disparities KW - Occupational Health KW - Race Factors KW - Safety KW - Racial factors; Asthma; Health disparities; Environmental exposure; Economic consequences; Socioeconomics; Policy; Air pollution; COPD; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease KW - Air Pollution KW - Asthma KW - Asthma, Occupational KW - Economics KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Healthcare Disparities KW - Occupational Health KW - Race Factors KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2021/09/01 TI - Place matters: residential racial segregation and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. VL - 204 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249485 ER -
Influence of environmental parameters on mold sampling results.

Fishman B

2017/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Mold is a type of fungus present in nearly all environments. Mold thrives under several environmental parameters such as high humidity and an adequate food source. A professional, such as an industrial hygienist, can measure mold in indoor and outdoor environments. Industrial hygienists commonly use a cascade impactor with a culture plate to captur ...

12/01/2025

Title : Influence of environmental parameters on mold sampling results. Personal Author(s) : Fishman B Published Date : 2017/06/01 Pages in Document : 1-22 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249484 Fishman B (2017). Influence of environmental parameters on mold sampling results.. Fishman B "Influence of environmental parameters on mold sampling results." (2017) Fishman B "Influence of environmental parameters on mold sampling results." , 2017 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Thesis AU - Fishman B AB - Mold is a type of fungus present in nearly all environments. Mold thrives under several environmental parameters such as high humidity and an adequate food source. A professional, such as an industrial hygienist, can measure mold in indoor and outdoor environments. Industrial hygienists commonly use a cascade impactor with a culture plate to capture air within a sampling area. While collecting air samples, environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide are recorded. A laboratory then cultures and analyzes the samples, identifying the types and amounts of viable mold found in the sampling area. In this study, a data analysis method is used to interpret lab results and compare those results to the environmental parameters measured during collection. The study aims to show the relationship between the environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide) and the types and amounts of mold that were measured in both indoor built environments and their surrounding outdoor areas. Among all 170 different sampling locations, the outdoor areas had higher counts and concentrations of mold. In addition, both indoor and outdoor areas saw Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Cladosporium as the most prevalent molds, with Cladosporium having the highest counts. Lower temperatures and humidity had a very small influence on mold growth and thus, yielded the lowest counts. Furthermore, the highest concentrations of mold were found within the same temperature and humidity ranges for both indoor and outdoor environments. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249484 KW - Air Pollution KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Atmosphere KW - Coal KW - Coal Mining KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Mining KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Ventilation KW - Molds; Fungi; Environmental exposure; Humidity; Industrial hygienists; Indoor environments; Outdoors; Air sampling; Air samples; Temperature effects; Carbon dioxide; Laboratory testing; KW - Author Keywords: Mold; Ambient conditions; Indoor air quality KW - Air Pollution KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Atmosphere KW - Coal KW - Coal Mining KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Mining KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Ventilation LA - eng PB - University of South Florida PY - 2017/06/01 TI - Influence of environmental parameters on mold sampling results. UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249484 ER -
Short-term deceleration capacity of heart rate: a sensitive marker of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Carricarte Naranjo C ;

Cornforth DJ

2021/12/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Purpose: Cardiac autonomic dysfunction in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) manifests as reduced heart rate variability (HRV). In the present study, we explored the deceleration capacity of heart rate (DC) in patients with idiopathic PD, an advanced HRV marker that has proven clinical utility. Methods: Standard and advanced HRV measures derived f ...

12/01/2025

Title : Short-term deceleration capacity of heart rate: a sensitive marker of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Personal Author(s) : Carricarte Naranjo C;Cornforth DJ;Estévez M;Goldman SM;Jelinek HF;Lang AE;Machado A;Marras C;Sanchez-Rodriguez L;Schüle B;Stein PK;Visanji NP; Published Date : 2021/12/01 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249483 Carricarte Naranjo C et al. (2021). Short-term deceleration capacity of heart rate: a sensitive marker of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in idiopathic Parkinson's disease.. 31(6). Carricarte Naranjo C et al. "Short-term deceleration capacity of heart rate: a sensitive marker of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in idiopathic Parkinson's disease." 31, no. 6 (2021) Carricarte Naranjo C et al. "Short-term deceleration capacity of heart rate: a sensitive marker of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in idiopathic Parkinson's disease." vol. 31, no. 6, 2021 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Carricarte Naranjo C AU - Cornforth DJ AU - Estévez M AU - Goldman SM AU - Jelinek HF AU - Lang AE AU - Machado A AU - Marras C AU - Sanchez-Rodriguez L AU - Schüle B AU - Stein PK AU - Visanji NP AB - Purpose: Cardiac autonomic dysfunction in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) manifests as reduced heart rate variability (HRV). In the present study, we explored the deceleration capacity of heart rate (DC) in patients with idiopathic PD, an advanced HRV marker that has proven clinical utility. Methods: Standard and advanced HRV measures derived from 7-min electrocardiograms in 20 idiopathic PD patients and 27 healthy controls were analyzed. HRV measures were compared using regression analysis, controlling for age, sex, and mean heart rate. Results: Significantly reduced HRV was found only in the subcohort of PD patients older than 60 years. Low- frequency power and global HRV measures were lower in patients than in controls, but standard beat-to-beat HRV markers (i.e., rMSSD and high-frequency power) were not significantly different between groups. DC was significantly reduced in the subcohort of PD patients older than 60 years compared to controls. Conclusions: Deceleration-related oscillations of HRV were significantly reduced in the older PD patients compared to healthy controls, suggesting that short-term DC may be a sensitive marker of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in PD. DC may be complementary to traditional markers of short-term HRV for the evaluation of autonomic modulation in PD. Further study to examine the association between DC and cardiac adverse events in PD is needed to clarify the clinical relevance of DC in this population. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249483 IS - 6 KW - Age Factors KW - Cardiovascular System KW - Cohort Studies KW - Electrocardiography KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Parkinsons disease; Heart rate; Autonomic nervous system; Electrocardiography; Cohort studies; Cardiac function; Age factors; KW - Author Keywords: Heart rate variability; Deceleration capacity of heart rate; Cardiac autonomic modulation; Idiopathic Parkinson's disease KW - Age Factors KW - Cardiovascular System KW - Cohort Studies KW - Electrocardiography KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2021/12/01 TI - Short-term deceleration capacity of heart rate: a sensitive marker of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. VL - 31 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249483 ER -
Pediatric unintentional fall-related injuries in a statewide trauma registry.

Casteel C ;

Davis J

2022/02/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate patterns of fall-related injury through childhood and identify risk factors for more severe fall-related injuries with the goal of informing targeted prevention strategies for different ages. Methods: The study population consisted of pediatric patients in the Iowa Trauma Registry from January 1, ...

12/01/2025

Title : Pediatric unintentional fall-related injuries in a statewide trauma registry. Personal Author(s) : Casteel C;Davis J;Peek-Asa, Corinne;Torner J;Young T; Published Date : 2022/02/01 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249482 Casteel C et al. (2022). Pediatric unintentional fall-related injuries in a statewide trauma registry.. 38(2). Casteel C et al. "Pediatric unintentional fall-related injuries in a statewide trauma registry." 38, no. 2 (2022) Casteel C et al. "Pediatric unintentional fall-related injuries in a statewide trauma registry." vol. 38, no. 2, 2022 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Casteel C AU - Davis J AU - Peek-Asa, Corinne AU - Torner J AU - Young T AB - Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate patterns of fall-related injury through childhood and identify risk factors for more severe fall-related injuries with the goal of informing targeted prevention strategies for different ages. Methods: The study population consisted of pediatric patients in the Iowa Trauma Registry from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2014, who sustained an unintentional fall-related injury (N = 3856 patients). Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to predict injury severity. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated characterizing the relationship between fall severity and age, sex, race, and fall type. Result: More males (62%) sustained a fall-related injury during the study period when compared with females (38%; P < 0.0001). Head injuries were the most common type of injury in the younger than 1 year age group (77%), whereas fractures were the predominant injury type in all other age groups, followed by head injuries. Those younger than 1 year (adjusted odds ratio, 4.0; 95% confidence interval, 2.36-6.90) and aged 15 to 18 years (adjusted odds ratio, 1.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-3.03) were more likely to have an Injury Severity Score of ≥16 than those aged 10 to 14 years. Conclusions: Recommendations and prevention strategies need to focus on specific risk factors to reduce the harm of multilevel falls. As we have shown, patterns of fall injuries presenting to trauma hospitals differ by age, thus suggesting that prevention strategies focus on specific age groups. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249482 IS - 2 KW - Accidental Falls KW - Accidents KW - Aging KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Children; Age groups; Falls; Injury prevention; Sex factors; Head injuries; Traumatic injuries; KW - Author Keywords: fall-related injuries; fall type; fall level; prevention strategies KW - Accidental Falls KW - Accidents KW - Aging KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Sex Characteristics LA - eng PY - 2022/02/01 TI - Pediatric unintentional fall-related injuries in a statewide trauma registry. VL - 38 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249482 ER -
Effects of occupational stressors on nurses' safety performance and well-being: a within-individual study.

Che X

2015/07/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Occupational stressors have been extensively studied as predictors of safety performance and employee well-being in previous research. However, many newly introduced organizational constructs that have the characteristics of an occupational stressor have rarely been studied as such, especially from a within-person perspective. The current study foc ...

12/01/2025

Title : Effects of occupational stressors on nurses' safety performance and well-being: a within-individual study. Personal Author(s) : Che X Published Date : 2015/07/01 Pages in Document : 1-114 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249481 Che X (2015). Effects of occupational stressors on nurses' safety performance and well-being: a within-individual study.. Che X "Effects of occupational stressors on nurses' safety performance and well-being: a within-individual study." (2015) Che X "Effects of occupational stressors on nurses' safety performance and well-being: a within-individual study." , 2015 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Dissertation AU - Che X AB - Occupational stressors have been extensively studied as predictors of safety performance and employee well-being in previous research. However, many newly introduced organizational constructs that have the characteristics of an occupational stressor have rarely been studied as such, especially from a within-person perspective. The current study focused on three occupational stressors in relation to safety performance. Based on previous literature, I proposed that within individuals, compulsory citizenship behavior, illegitimate tasks, and interpersonal conflict at work as occupational stressors would have negative effects on employees well-being and safety performance through negative emotions (anger), job attitudes (job satisfaction and organizational commitment) and role stressors (role conflict and role ambiguity). In addition, reception of organizational citizenship behavior (ROCB) and perceived safety climate were hypothesized to moderate the relationships of the three occupational stressors with safety performance and employee well-being. Seventy-one nurses were recruited, and data were collected from their survey responses about their daily experiences on the focal variables for 9 shifts over three consecutive working weeks. Results showed that within individuals, the three occupational stressors were positively associated with employee burnout and physical symptoms, and evidence was found that those associations might be mediated by anger, job satisfaction and role conflict. Further, ROCB was found to moderate some of the associations of occupational stressors with safety performance and employee well-being. However, the current study failed to find support for any of the hypotheses regarding perceived safety performance as a moderator in this sample. Findings, limitations and future directions were discussed. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249481 KW - Health Personnel KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Workplace KW - Nurses; Nursing; Stress; Safety; Worker safety; Worker health; Workers; Work environment; Task performance; Job design; KW - Author Keywords: compulsory citizenship behavior; illegitimate tasks; interpersonal conflict; perceived safety climate; reception of OCB KW - Health Personnel KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Workplace LA - eng PY - 2015/07/01 TI - Effects of occupational stressors on nurses' safety performance and well-being: a within-individual study. UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249481 ER -
Surveillance of work-related asthma including the emergence of a cannabis-associated case series in Washington State.

Bonauto DK ;

LaSee CR

2022/08/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Objective: We conducted surveillance for work-related asthma (WRA) in Washington State to identify the industry sectors and asthma exposures most commonly affecting injured workers and in need of prevention activities. Methods: Using workers' compensation data as the primary data source, valid cases were classified as work-aggravated asthma (WAA) o ...

12/01/2025

Title : Surveillance of work-related asthma including the emergence of a cannabis-associated case series in Washington State. Personal Author(s) : Bonauto DK;LaSee CR;Reeb-Whitaker C; Published Date : 2022/08/01 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249480 Bonauto DK et al. (2022). Surveillance of work-related asthma including the emergence of a cannabis-associated case series in Washington State.. 59(8). Bonauto DK and LaSee CR and Reeb-Whitaker C "Surveillance of work-related asthma including the emergence of a cannabis-associated case series in Washington State." 59, no. 8 (2022) Bonauto DK et al. "Surveillance of work-related asthma including the emergence of a cannabis-associated case series in Washington State." vol. 59, no. 8, 2022 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Bonauto DK AU - LaSee CR AU - Reeb-Whitaker C AB - Objective: We conducted surveillance for work-related asthma (WRA) in Washington State to identify the industry sectors and asthma exposures most commonly affecting injured workers and in need of prevention activities. Methods: Using workers' compensation data as the primary data source, valid cases were classified as work-aggravated asthma (WAA) or new onset asthma that includes occupational asthma (OA) and reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS). The source of exposure that caused the worker's asthma, their industry and occupation were determined. Results: There were 784 valid work-related asthma cases identified for the period 2009-2016, WAA (n = 529) was most common followed by occupational asthma (n = 127) and RADS (n = 12). The Health Care and Social Assistance industry had the highest number of cases (n = 170) with 82% classified as WAA. The highest overall proportions of new onset asthma are occurring in Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting (33% of work related asthma cases), Manufacturing (31%) and Construction (30%). The leading substances associated with new onset asthma across all industries include hop plant dust, wood and cedar dust, mineral and inorganic dust, mold, and cleaning materials. We describe ten cases of cannabis-associated asthma including seven from workers in the legalized cannabis industry, four of whom had OA. Conclusion: State-based work-related asthma surveillance is critical in identifying the workers and exposures associated with this occupational disease, including the detection of a case-series in the cannabis industry. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249480 IS - 8 KW - Asthma, Occupational KW - Cannabis KW - Dust KW - Epidemiology KW - Occupational Health KW - Respiratory System KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases KW - Safety KW - Occupational asthma; Surveillance; Respiratory diseases; Dust exposure; Plant dusts; Cleaning compounds; Cannabis; Epidemiology; KW - Author Keywords: Case reports; epidemiology; prevention KW - Asthma, Occupational KW - Cannabis KW - Dust KW - Epidemiology KW - Occupational Health KW - Respiratory System KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2022/08/01 TI - Surveillance of work-related asthma including the emergence of a cannabis-associated case series in Washington State. VL - 59 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249480 ER -
Indoor air pollution and susceptibility to tuberculosis infection in urban Vietnamese children.

Balmes J ;

Blount RJ

2021/11/15 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Rationale: The Southeast Asian tuberculosis burden is high, and it remains unclear if urban indoor air pollution in this setting is exacerbating the epidemic. Objectives: To determine the associations of latent tuberculosis with common urban indoor air pollution sources (secondhand smoke, indoor motorcycle emissions, and cooking) in Southeast Asia. ...

12/01/2025

Title : Indoor air pollution and susceptibility to tuberculosis infection in urban Vietnamese children. Personal Author(s) : Balmes J;Blount RJ;Comellas AP;Dang H;Merrifield C;Nahid P;Nhung NV;Phan H;Segal MR;Stapleton EM;Trinh T;Zabner J;Zavala M; Published Date : 2021/11/15 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249479 Balmes J et al. (2021). Indoor air pollution and susceptibility to tuberculosis infection in urban Vietnamese children.. 204(10). Balmes J et al. "Indoor air pollution and susceptibility to tuberculosis infection in urban Vietnamese children." 204, no. 10 (2021) Balmes J et al. "Indoor air pollution and susceptibility to tuberculosis infection in urban Vietnamese children." vol. 204, no. 10, 2021 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Balmes J AU - Blount RJ AU - Comellas AP AU - Dang H AU - Merrifield C AU - Nahid P AU - Nhung NV AU - Phan H AU - Segal MR AU - Stapleton EM AU - Trinh T AU - Zabner J AU - Zavala M AB - Rationale: The Southeast Asian tuberculosis burden is high, and it remains unclear if urban indoor air pollution in this setting is exacerbating the epidemic. Objectives: To determine the associations of latent tuberculosis with common urban indoor air pollution sources (secondhand smoke, indoor motorcycle emissions, and cooking) in Southeast Asia. Methods: We enrolled child household contacts of patients with microbiologically confirmed active tuberculosis in Vietnam, from July 2017 to December 2019. We tested children for latent tuberculosis and evaluated air pollution exposures with questionnaires and personal aerosol sampling. We tested hypotheses using generalized estimating equations. Measurements and Main Results: We enrolled 72 patients with tuberculosis (27% with cavitary disease) and 109 of their child household contacts. Latent tuberculosis was diagnosed in 58 (53%) household contacts at baseline visit. Children experienced a 2.56-fold increased odds of latent tuberculosis for each additional household member who smoked (95% confidence interval, 1.27-5.16). Odds were highest among children exposed to indoor smokers and children <5 years old exposed to household smokers. Each residential floor above street-level pollution decreased the odds of latent tuberculosis by 36% (adjusted odds ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.42-0.96). Motorcycles parked inside children's homes and cooking with liquid petroleum gas compared with electricity increased the odds of latent tuberculosis, whereas kitchen ventilation decreased the effect, but these findings were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Common urban indoor air pollution sources were associated with increased odds of latent tuberculosis infection in child household contacts of patients with active tuberculosis. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249479 IS - 10 KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Tuberculosis KW - Indoor air pollution; TB; Tuberculosis; Bacterial infections; Children; Secondhand smoke; Automotive emissions; Environmental exposure; Cigarette smoke; Cooking equipment; KW - Author Keywords: tobacco smoke pollution; motorcycles; built environment; cooking; smoking water pipes KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Tuberculosis LA - eng PY - 2021/11/15 TI - Indoor air pollution and susceptibility to tuberculosis infection in urban Vietnamese children. VL - 204 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249479 ER -
Impact of COVID-19 on the construction industry: 2 years in review.

Brooks, Raina D. ;

Brown S

2022/07/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

This issue examines the impact of COVID-19 on the construction industry over the past two years. Key Findings: 1. COVID-19 illness among construction workers was reflected by large increases in nonfatal illnesses compared to pre-pandemic levels. 2. Employment in the construction industry fell 10% from 2020 Quarter (Q)1 to Q2 but soon rebounded and ...

12/01/2025

Title : Impact of COVID-19 on the construction industry: 2 years in review. Personal Author(s) : Brooks, Raina D.;Brown S;Harris W;Trueblood, Amber B.; Published Date : 2022/07/01 Pages in Document : 1-8 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249478 Brooks, Raina D. et al. (2022). Impact of COVID-19 on the construction industry: 2 years in review.. Brooks, Raina D. et al. "Impact of COVID-19 on the construction industry: 2 years in review." (2022) Brooks, Raina D. et al. "Impact of COVID-19 on the construction industry: 2 years in review." , 2022 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Newsletter AU - Brooks, Raina D. AU - Brown S AU - Harris W AU - Trueblood, Amber B. AB - This issue examines the impact of COVID-19 on the construction industry over the past two years. Key Findings: 1. COVID-19 illness among construction workers was reflected by large increases in nonfatal illnesses compared to pre-pandemic levels. 2. Employment in the construction industry fell 10% from 2020 Quarter (Q)1 to Q2 but soon rebounded and was 4% higher in 2022 Q1 than in 2020 Q1. 3. More than half of construction small businesses reported reduced work hours at the start of the pandemic, but by the end of April 2022, 17% of construction small businesses were reporting reduced work hours. 4. As of April 2022, nearly two thirds (63%) of construction small businesses continued to report a moderate to large negative effect of COVID-19. 5. The COVID-19 vaccination rate was 82% for workers in all occupations in May 2022 and 52% for those in construction and extraction occupations. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249478 KW - Communicable Diseases KW - Construction Industry KW - Economics KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Small Business KW - Construction industry; Small businesses; Economic impact; COVID-19; Unemployment; Work schedules; Vaccines KW - Communicable Diseases KW - Construction Industry KW - Economics KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Small Business LA - eng PB - CPWR-The Center for Construction Research and Training PY - 2022/07/01 TI - Impact of COVID-19 on the construction industry: 2 years in review. UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249478 ER -
Engineering control technologies to protect operators in agricultural all-terrain vehicle rollovers.

Ayers PD ;

Khorsandi F

2021/07/09 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

All-terrain vehicles (ATVs) are the second most common source of injury, following tractors, in U.S. agriculture. Rollovers are the leading cause of death in farm ATV incidents, constituting about 85% of ATV-related deaths. There is neither a significant practical solution for ATV rollover crashes in the U.S. nor standards and rules for implementin ...

12/01/2025

Title : Engineering control technologies to protect operators in agricultural all-terrain vehicle rollovers. Personal Author(s) : Ayers PD;Khorsandi F;Myers, Melvin L.;Oesch S;White DJ; Published Date : 2021/07/09 Pages in Document : 177-201 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249477 Ayers PD et al. (2021). Engineering control technologies to protect operators in agricultural all-terrain vehicle rollovers.. 27(3). Ayers PD et al. "Engineering control technologies to protect operators in agricultural all-terrain vehicle rollovers." 27, no. 3 (2021) Ayers PD et al. "Engineering control technologies to protect operators in agricultural all-terrain vehicle rollovers." vol. 27, no. 3, 2021 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Ayers PD AU - Khorsandi F AU - Myers, Melvin L. AU - Oesch S AU - White DJ AB - All-terrain vehicles (ATVs) are the second most common source of injury, following tractors, in U.S. agriculture. Rollovers are the leading cause of death in farm ATV incidents, constituting about 85% of ATV-related deaths. There is neither a significant practical solution for ATV rollover crashes in the U.S. nor standards and rules for implementing such a solution. Behavior-based control methods have been used for several decades but have reached their limit of success. Hence, engineering controls are needed to significantly decrease the severity of injuries in ATV rollover incidents (as in tractor incidents). In this study, engineering technologies to protect the operator in agricultural ATV crashes were reviewed. The discussion includes improving crash testing and stability ratings, evaluating static stability of ATVs, dynamic handling tests of ATVs, using automatic systems to notify first responders of a crash, and testing and applying operator protection devices. The available standards, rules, and recommendations related to these technologies around the world are also discussed. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249477 IS - 3 KW - Agriculture KW - Automobiles KW - Engineering KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Engineering controls; Equipment operators; Agricultural machinery; Agriculture; Rollover protective structures; ROPS; Control technology; Vehicle safety; KW - Author Keywords: Agriculture; All-terrain vehicle; ATV; CPD; Crush protection device; OPD; Quad bike; Safety KW - Agriculture KW - Automobiles KW - Engineering KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2021/07/09 TI - Engineering control technologies to protect operators in agricultural all-terrain vehicle rollovers. VL - 27 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249477 ER -
Systematic review of ozone effects on human lung function, 2013 through 2020.

Balmes JR ;

Holm SM

2022/01/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Background: Ozone effects on lung function are particularly important to understand in the context of the air pollution-health outcomes epidemiologic literature, given the complex relationships between ozone and other air pollutants with known lung function effects. Research Question: What has been learned about the association between ozone exposu ...

12/01/2025

Title : Systematic review of ozone effects on human lung function, 2013 through 2020. Personal Author(s) : Balmes JR;Holm SM; Published Date : 2022/01/01 Pages in Document : 190-201 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249476 Balmes JR and Holm SM (2022). Systematic review of ozone effects on human lung function, 2013 through 2020.. 161(1). Balmes JR and Holm SM "Systematic review of ozone effects on human lung function, 2013 through 2020." 161, no. 1 (2022) Balmes JR and Holm SM "Systematic review of ozone effects on human lung function, 2013 through 2020." vol. 161, no. 1, 2022 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Balmes JR AU - Holm SM AB - Background: Ozone effects on lung function are particularly important to understand in the context of the air pollution-health outcomes epidemiologic literature, given the complex relationships between ozone and other air pollutants with known lung function effects. Research Question: What has been learned about the association between ozone exposures and lung function from epidemiology studies published from 2013 through 2020? Study Design and Methods: On March 18, 2018, and September 8, 2020, PubMed was searched using the terms health AND ozone, filtering to articles in English and about humans, from 2013 or later. An additional focused review searching for ozone AND (lung function OR FEV1 OR FVC) was performed June 26, 2021. Articles were selected for this review if they reported a specific relationship between a lung function outcome and ozone exposure. Results: Of 3,271 articles screened, 53 ultimately met criteria for inclusion. A systematic review with assessment of potential for bias was conducted, but a meta-analysis was not carried out because of differences in exposure duration and outcome quantification. Consistent evidence exists of small decreases in children's lung function, even associated with very low levels of short-term ozone exposure. The effects on adult lung function from exposure to low-level, short-term ozone are less clear, although ozone-associated decrements may occur in the elderly. Finally, long-term ozone exposure decreases both lung function and lung function growth in children, although few new studies have examined long-term ozone and lung function in adults. Interpretation: Much of this literature involves concentrations below the current US Environmental Protection Agency's National Ambient Air Quality Standard of 70 parts per billion over an 8-h averaging time, suggesting that this current standard may not protect children adequately from ozone-related decrements in lung function. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249476 IS - 1 KW - Aging KW - Air Pollution KW - Epidemiology KW - Lung KW - Occupational Health KW - Ozone KW - Respiratory System KW - Safety KW - Lung function; Ozone; Air pollution; Epidemiology; Systematic reviews; Age groups; Air quality control; Respiratory function; KW - Author Keywords: adult; air pollution; child; epidemiology; spirometry KW - Aging KW - Air Pollution KW - Epidemiology KW - Lung KW - Occupational Health KW - Ozone KW - Respiratory System KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2022/01/01 TI - Systematic review of ozone effects on human lung function, 2013 through 2020. VL - 161 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249476 ER -
Racial disparities in alcohol-related liver disease mortality in a 75 year follow-up study of Michigan autoworkers.

Allouch F ;

Chen KT

2021/09/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Background: Suicide, drug overdose, and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) mortality have been rising in the United States. While suicide and overdose have received a great deal of attention, far less public health concern has focused on chronic ALD. To address this gap, we examine ALD mortality rates, by race, in a cohort of autoworkers to descri ...

12/01/2025

Title : Racial disparities in alcohol-related liver disease mortality in a 75 year follow-up study of Michigan autoworkers. Personal Author(s) : Allouch F;Chen KT;Costello S;Eisen EA;Lutzker L;Picciotto S; Published Date : 2021/09/01 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249475 Allouch F et al. (2021). Racial disparities in alcohol-related liver disease mortality in a 75 year follow-up study of Michigan autoworkers.. 15 Allouch F et al. "Racial disparities in alcohol-related liver disease mortality in a 75 year follow-up study of Michigan autoworkers." 15 (2021) Allouch F et al. "Racial disparities in alcohol-related liver disease mortality in a 75 year follow-up study of Michigan autoworkers." vol. 15, 2021 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Allouch F AU - Chen KT AU - Costello S AU - Eisen EA AU - Lutzker L AU - Picciotto S AB - Background: Suicide, drug overdose, and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) mortality have been rising in the United States. While suicide and overdose have received a great deal of attention, far less public health concern has focused on chronic ALD. To address this gap, we examine ALD mortality rates, by race, in a cohort of autoworkers to describe trends over the past 75 years, from the peak in automobile manufacturing employment through its decline. Methods: Based on the United Autoworkers-General Motors (UAW-GM) cohort we estimated temporal trends in age-adjusted ALD mortality rates from 1941 through 2015 at three automobile manufacturing plants in Michigan. We compared these rates to county, state, and U.S. rates, directly standardized to the 2000 U.S. census, to assess the roles of race and employment on ALD mortality. Results: The overall age-adjusted ALD mortality rate among 41,097 male autoworkers peaked at 46.1 per 100,000 in the 1970s, followed by a gradual decline and a recent rise. Rates were slightly higher for black than white men until early 2000s, when rates increased only for white men. ALD mortality rates in the study cohort tracked national, state, and county rates for white men until the most recent time period, but were lower throughout the study period for black men, especially in the 1970s and 1980s. Conclusions: Employment in automobile manufacturing may have offered some protection against death from ALD for black men, and loss of those manufacturing jobs may have impacted white men without a college degree more in recent decades. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249475 KW - Alcoholic Beverages KW - Automobiles KW - Chronic Disease KW - Cohort Studies KW - Manufacturing and Industrial Facilities KW - Mental Health KW - Mortality KW - Nervous System KW - Occupational Health KW - Race Factors KW - Safety KW - Substance-Related Disorders KW - Automotive industry; Manufacturing; Cohort studies; Mortality rates; Liver disease; Alcohol; Chronic diseases; Racial factors; Substance abuse; Mental health; KW - Author Keywords: Alcohol-related liver disease; Alcohol-related liver disease mortality; ALD mortality; Substance abuse; Automobile manufacturing; Autoworkers; Occupational; Deaths of despair KW - Alcoholic Beverages KW - Automobiles KW - Chronic Disease KW - Cohort Studies KW - Manufacturing and Industrial Facilities KW - Mental Health KW - Mortality KW - Nervous System KW - Occupational Health KW - Race Factors KW - Safety KW - Substance-Related Disorders LA - eng PY - 2021/09/01 TI - Racial disparities in alcohol-related liver disease mortality in a 75 year follow-up study of Michigan autoworkers. VL - 15 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249475 ER -
A field-portable colorimetric method for the measurement of peracetic acid vapors: a comparison of glass and plastic impingers (dataset).

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

2022/07/13 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

A method for measuring PAA vapors in air using impinger sampling and field-portable colorimetric analysis is presented. The capture efficiency of aqueous media in glass and plastic impingers was evaluated when used for PAA vapor sampling. Measurement of PAA was done using a N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) colorimetric method with a field porta ...

12/01/2025

Dataset

Title : A field-portable colorimetric method for the measurement of peracetic acid vapors: a comparison of glass and plastic impingers (dataset). Corporate Authors(s) : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Published Date : 2022/07/13 DOI : https://doi.org/10.26616/NIOSHRD-1041-2022-0 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (2022). A field-portable colorimetric method for the measurement of peracetic acid vapors: a comparison of glass and plastic impingers (dataset).. https://doi.org/10.26616/NIOSHRD-1041-2022-0 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health "A field-portable colorimetric method for the measurement of peracetic acid vapors: a comparison of glass and plastic impingers (dataset)." (2022), https://doi.org/10.26616/NIOSHRD-1041-2022-0 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health "A field-portable colorimetric method for the measurement of peracetic acid vapors: a comparison of glass and plastic impingers (dataset)." , 2022, https://doi.org/10.26616/NIOSHRD-1041-2022-0 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Research Dataset A2 - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health AB - A method for measuring PAA vapors in air using impinger sampling and field-portable colorimetric analysis is presented. The capture efficiency of aqueous media in glass and plastic impingers was evaluated when used for PAA vapor sampling. Measurement of PAA was done using a N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) colorimetric method with a field portable spectrometer. The linearity of the DPD method was determined for PAA both in-solution and captured from vapor phase using glass or plastic impingers. The Limit of Detection (LOD) for the glass and plastic impinger (0.24 mg/m3 (0.077 mg/L) and 0.28 mg/m3 (0.091 mg/L)), respectively, and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) (0.79 mg/m3 (0.25 mg/L) and 0.92 mg/m3 (0.30 mg/L) for the glass and plastic impingers, respectively, are below the threshold limit value (TLV) short term exposure limit (STEL) of 1.24 mg/m3 (0.4 ppm) over a 15 minute period. This impinger method allows for a low cost, easy to use, and rapid in-field measurement for occupational exposure to PAA. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249474 DO - https://doi.org/10.26616/NIOSHRD-1041-2022-0 KW - Colorimetry KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Solvents KW - Vapors; Colorimetry; Air sampling; Sampling methods; Impingers; Occupational exposure; Quantitative analysis; Exposure assessment KW - Colorimetry KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Solvents LA - eng PB - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health PY - 2022/07/13 TI - A field-portable colorimetric method for the measurement of peracetic acid vapors: a comparison of glass and plastic impingers (dataset). UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249474 ER -
Perceptions of opioid and other illicit drug exposure reported among first responders in the southeast, 2017 to 2018.

Bunn T ;

Flammia D

2021/09/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Background: Opioid use has risen dramatically in recent years, and its illegal use puts first responders at risk when intervening in overdoses. Synthetic opioids, like fentanyl with a potency 50 to 100 times greater than morphine, pose a great risk and accidental exposure via ingestion, inhalation, mucosal, or percutaneous routes, can potentially l ...

12/01/2025

Title : Perceptions of opioid and other illicit drug exposure reported among first responders in the southeast, 2017 to 2018. Personal Author(s) : Bunn T;Flammia D;He Y;Holsinger C;Lavender A;Sanderson, Wayne T.;Thompson RA;Tran A;Westneat S;Zhang L; Published Date : 2021/09/01 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249473 Bunn T et al. (2021). Perceptions of opioid and other illicit drug exposure reported among first responders in the southeast, 2017 to 2018.. 4(3). Bunn T et al. "Perceptions of opioid and other illicit drug exposure reported among first responders in the southeast, 2017 to 2018." 4, no. 3 (2021) Bunn T et al. "Perceptions of opioid and other illicit drug exposure reported among first responders in the southeast, 2017 to 2018." vol. 4, no. 3, 2021 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Bunn T AU - Flammia D AU - He Y AU - Holsinger C AU - Lavender A AU - Sanderson, Wayne T. AU - Thompson RA AU - Tran A AU - Westneat S AU - Zhang L AB - Background: Opioid use has risen dramatically in recent years, and its illegal use puts first responders at risk when intervening in overdoses. Synthetic opioids, like fentanyl with a potency 50 to 100 times greater than morphine, pose a great risk and accidental exposure via ingestion, inhalation, mucosal, or percutaneous routes, can potentially lead to fatal outcomes. Anecdotal media accounts in early 2017 of accidental occupational opioid exposure among first responders generated a national concern. Methods: To identify first responders' recollections, beliefs, and concerns about possible occupational exposure to opioids and other drugs, researchers in Kentucky, Virginia, Mississippi, and Georgia administered an emailed, anonymous convenience sample survey. Results: A total of 5955 surveys were analyzed with 15% of respondents reporting they believed they had been exposed to opioids, and of those, less than 1% reported experiencing health effects from perceived exposure. Over half (51%) of respondents reported being "very or somewhat concerned" about developing health effects from exposure to opioids. Half of respondents reported being unaware of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/National Institutes for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) guidelines for preventing occupational-related opioid exposures. Conclusions: Only a small fraction of first responders believed they had experienced symptoms related to opioid exposure in overdose response calls, but half were concerned about potential exposures and half were unaware of the educational guidance on prevention available. The high level of concern regarding potential exposure warrants the need for the development and or enhancement of targeted educational training interventions and further dissemination of pre-existing training interventions to ensure first responders have the knowledge and understanding of occupational opioid exposures and minimize stress associated with the potential rare exposures. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249473 IS - 3 KW - Education KW - Emergency Responders KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Staff Development KW - First responders; Emergency medical services workers; EMS; Emergency responders; Occupational exposure; Hazardous drugs; Education; Training; KW - Author Keywords: emergency medical services; emergency responders; fentanyl; firefighters; law enforcement officers; occupational health; opioid epidemic; opioids surveillance; prehospital emergency care KW - Education KW - Emergency Responders KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Staff Development LA - eng PY - 2021/09/01 TI - Perceptions of opioid and other illicit drug exposure reported among first responders in the southeast, 2017 to 2018. VL - 4 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249473 ER -
The association of race, ethnicity, and wages among registered nurses in long-term care.

Bates T ;

Spetz J

2021/10/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Objective: This study seeks to measure wage differences between registered nurses (RNs) working in long-term care (LTC) (eg, nursing homes, home health) and non-LTC settings (eg, hospitals, ambulatory care) and whether differences are associated with the characteristics of the RN workforce between and within settings. Study Design: This was a cross ...

12/01/2025

Title : The association of race, ethnicity, and wages among registered nurses in long-term care. Personal Author(s) : Bates T;Spetz J;Wagner LM; Published Date : 2021/10/01 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249472 Bates T et al. (2021). The association of race, ethnicity, and wages among registered nurses in long-term care.. 59 Bates T and Spetz J and Wagner LM "The association of race, ethnicity, and wages among registered nurses in long-term care." 59 (2021) Bates T et al. "The association of race, ethnicity, and wages among registered nurses in long-term care." vol. 59, 2021 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Bates T AU - Spetz J AU - Wagner LM AB - Objective: This study seeks to measure wage differences between registered nurses (RNs) working in long-term care (LTC) (eg, nursing homes, home health) and non-LTC settings (eg, hospitals, ambulatory care) and whether differences are associated with the characteristics of the RN workforce between and within settings. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional design. This study used the 2018 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses (NSSRN) public-use file to examine RN employment and earnings. Methods: Our study population included a sample of 15,373 RNs who were employed at least 1000 hours in nursing in the past year and active in patient care. Characteristics such as race/ethnicity, type of RN degree completed, census region, and union status were included. Multiple regression analyses examined the effect of these characteristics on wages. Logistic regression was used to predict RN employment in LTC settings. Results: RNs in LTC experienced lower wages compared with those in non-LTC settings, yet this difference was not associated with racial/ethnic or international educational differences. Among RNs working in LTC, lower wages were associated with part-time work, less experience, lack of union representation, and regional wage differences. Conclusion: Because RNs in LTC earn lower wages than RNs in other settings, policies to minimize pay inequities are needed to support the RN workforce caring for frail older adults. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249472 KW - Health Personnel KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Workplace KW - Nurses; Nursing; Health care workers; Workplace studies; Work schedules; Work organization; Diversity; Labor unions; KW - Author Keywords: registered nurses; wages; equity; racial/ethnic diversity; long-term care KW - Health Personnel KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Workplace LA - eng PY - 2021/10/01 TI - The association of race, ethnicity, and wages among registered nurses in long-term care. VL - 59 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249472 ER -

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