Indoor air pollution and susceptibility to tuberculosis infection in urban Vietnamese children.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Balmes J ; Blount RJ ; Comellas AP ; Dang H ; Merrifield C ; Nahid P ; Nhung NV ; Phan H ; Segal MR ; Stapleton EM ; Trinh T ; Zabner J ; Zavala M
• Description:
  Rationale: The Southeast Asian tuberculosis burden is high, and it remains unclear if urban indoor air pollution in this setting is exacerbating the epidemic. Objectives: To determine the associations of latent tuberculosis with common urban indoor air pollution sources (secondhand smoke, indoor motorcycle emissions, and cooking) in Southeast Asia. Methods: We enrolled child household contacts of patients with microbiologically confirmed active tuberculosis in Vietnam, from July 2017 to December 2019. We tested children for latent tuberculosis and evaluated air pollution exposures with questionnaires and personal aerosol sampling. We tested hypotheses using generalized estimating equations. Measurements and Main Results: We enrolled 72 patients with tuberculosis (27% with cavitary disease) and 109 of their child household contacts. Latent tuberculosis was diagnosed in 58 (53%) household contacts at baseline visit. Children experienced a 2.56-fold increased odds of latent tuberculosis for each additional household member who smoked (95% confidence interval, 1.27-5.16). Odds were highest among children exposed to indoor smokers and children <5 years old exposed to household smokers. Each residential floor above street-level pollution decreased the odds of latent tuberculosis by 36% (adjusted odds ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.42-0.96). Motorcycles parked inside children's homes and cooking with liquid petroleum gas compared with electricity increased the odds of latent tuberculosis, whereas kitchen ventilation decreased the effect, but these findings were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Common urban indoor air pollution sources were associated with increased odds of latent tuberculosis infection in child household contacts of patients with active tuberculosis. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollution, Indoor Environmental Exposure Occupational Health Safety Tuberculosis
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Tobacco Smoke Pollution; Motorcycles; Built Environment; Cooking; Smoking Water Pipes Indoor Air Pollution; TB; Tuberculosis; Bacterial Infections; Children; Secondhand Smoke; Automotive Emissions; Environmental Exposure; Cigarette Smoke; Cooking Equipment;
• ISSN:
  1073-449X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Iowa ; OSHA Region 7 ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  204
• Issue:
  10
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20065566
• Citation:
  Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021 Nov; 204(10):1211-1221
• Contact Point Address:
  Robert J. Blount, M.D., M.A.S., Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52246
• Email:
  robert-blount@uiowa.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2022
• Performing Organization:
  University of California, Berkeley
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:dae140592ad9b86b1a5b029a8c379f5fd55be6bf80009d4de16039cd2814e1fddf14712ab5348a4d12b4241f39668bc29c273dee7c6410952933b92565e939a9
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249479/cdc_249479_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.75 MB ]