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CDC Public Access
Items in this collection are manuscripts and articles written by CDC or CDC-funded authors, and published in scholarly journals outside CDC. These items are available in compliance with the 2024 update of CDC-GA-2013-01 CDC Public Access to CDC-Funded Publications, available at: https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/159734.
We evaluated the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and community-associated Clostridioides difficile infection (CA-CDI) incidence across 2474 census tracts in 10 states. Highly correlated community-level SES variables were transformed into distinct factors using factor analysis. We found low SES communities were associated with higher
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Background:Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) causes a substantial burden in the United States, but its etiology frequently remains undetermined. Active surveillance within an integrated healthcare delivery system was used to estimate the prevalence and incidence of medically attended norovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, and astrovirus.Methods:Active surveill
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Background:Maternal pregestational diabetes and obesity are risk factors for birth defects. Diabetes and obesity often occur together; it is unclear whether their co-occurrence compounds birth defect risk.Methods:We analyzed 1997–2011 data on 29,671 cases and 10,963 controls from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a multisite case-control
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BackgroundReducing HIV incidence requires addressing persistent racial/ethnic disparities in HIV burden. Our goal was to evaluate pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery, overall and relative to community need, among seven clinical sites participating in a health-department led demonstration project to increase PrEP in Baltimore City, Maryland.Met
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Background:Some studies have reported associations between prenatal use of venlafaxine, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor used for depressive and anxiety disorders, and some birth defects. We described the prevalence of venlafaxine prescription claims among privately insured women of reproductive age and pregnant women.Methods:Venlafaxi
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Aug 15 2021
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Birth Defects Res. 113(14):1057-1073
Background:Surveillance programs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have difficulty in obtaining accurate information about congenital anomalies.Methods:As part of the ZikaPLAN project, an International Committee developed an app for the description and coding of congenital anomalies that are externally visible at birth, for use in low res
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Background:The present study aims to clarify relationships of maternal psychiatric conditions and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) use during preconception and pregnancy with risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring.Methods:We used data from the Study to Explore Early Development, a multisite case-control study conducted in t
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The most commonly observed forms of aluminum, silicon and titanium in tobacco products are aluminum silicates (e.g., kaolin), silica and titanium(IV) oxide. These compounds are neither water soluble nor volatile at cigarette combustion temperatures. Rather, they are transported in mainstream tobacco smoke as particles after being freed by combustio
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Background:HIV exposure to penile tissues provides a risk of acquisition among men, yet studies evaluating penile antiretroviral (ARV) drug distribution have been lacking. We measured ARVs on urethral and glans surface swabs collected following a dose of tenofovir alafenamide, emtricitabine, elvitegravir, darunavir and cobicistat.Methods:Thirty-fiv
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Co-infections with sexually transmittable pathogens are common and more likely in women with disturbed vaginal bacteriome. Among those pathogens, the protozoan parasite | (TV) is most common after accounting for the highly persistent DNA viruses human papillomavirus (HPV) and genital herpes. The parasitic infection often concurs with the dysbiotic
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Background.Neonatal herpes simplex virus infection (nHSV) leads to severe morbidity and mortality, but national incidence is uncertain. Florida regulations require that healthcare providers report cases, and clinical laboratories report test results when herpes simplex virus (HSV) is detected. We estimated nHSV incidence using laboratory-confirmed
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Background.Preexisting antibodies to influenza, shaped by early infection and subsequent exposures, may impact responses to influenza vaccination.Methods.We enrolled 72 children (aged 7–17 years) in 2015–2016; all received inactivated influenza vaccines. Forty-one were also vaccinated in 2014–2015, with 12 becoming infected with A(H3N2) in 2014–201
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Increased testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among US-residents who were born (or lived) in countries with high rates of TB can hasten progress toward TB elimination. We calculated LTBI prevalence using QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube results from the 2011 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). LT
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Background:12-step programs aim to address drug-related harms, like opioid overdose, via abstinence. However, abstaining from opioids can diminish tolerance, which increases risk for overdose death upon resumption. A recent study found that desire to abstain from drugs inhibited willingness to participate in take-home naloxone programming, which wa
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating and rapidly fatal neurodegenerative disease. Despite decades of research and many new insights into disease biology over the 150 years since the disease was first described, causative pathogenic mechanisms in ALS remain poorly understood, especially in sporadic cases. Our understanding of the ro
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OBJECTIVETo assess whether risk of severe outcomes among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) differs from that of patients without diabetes or with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSUsing the Premier Healthcare Database Special COVID-19 Release records of patien
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Aug 2021
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J Womens Health (Larchmt). 30(8):1086-1094
Background:Seasonal influenza vaccination rates among pregnant women remain well below the Healthy People 2020 target of 80%. Obstetrician–gynecologist (OB/GYN) recommendations are a critical means of encouraging pregnant women to get vaccinated, but there are limited data about their views.Materials and Methods:A nationally representative survey o
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Background:High response rates in surveys are critical to ensuring that findings are unbiased and representative of the target population. Questionnaire length impacts response rates, with long interviews associated with partially complete surveys, higher item nonresponse (“don’t know” and “refuse” responses), and willingness to participate in futu
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Gilboa, Suzanne M.Supporting Files