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Showing 44161 - 44180 of 82803 results
  • The Effects of Single and Serial Zinc Oxide Exposures on Airway Inflamation in Healthy Humans
    The Effects of Single and Serial Zinc Oxide Exposures on Airway Inflamation in Healthy Humans
    Arjomandi M ;
    Balmes J
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    A single exposure to zinc oxide (ZnO) results in an increase in inflammatory cells and cytokines. Serial exposures to ZnO can decrease this inflammatory response. This experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that exposure to ZnO on two consecutive occasions would decrease both the cellular and cytokine responses compared 10 one exposure. Uti ...
  • Bioelectric Responses of GuineaPig Tracheal Epithelium to Hyperosmolar and Isosmolar Challenges
    Bioelectric Responses of Guinea-Pig Tracheal Epithelium to Hyperosmolar and Isosmolar Challenges
    Fedan, Jeffery S. ;
    Johnston RA
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    In the isolated, perfused guinea pig-trachea preparation mucosal perfusion with hyperosmolar solution causes relaxation of airway smooth muscle mediated by epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF) and associated with transepithelial depolarization, We investigated bioelectrical responses of epithelium to hyperosmolar and isosmolar solutions in tr ...
    Public Domain
  • A Random Walk Model of Skin Permeation
    A Random Walk Model of Skin Permeation
    Frasch, H. Fredrick
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    A new mathematical model for permeability of chemicals in aqueous vehicle through skin is presented. The rationale for this model is to represent diffusion by its fundamental molecular mechanism, i.e., random thermal motion. Diffusion is modeled as a two-dimensional random walk through the biphasic (lipid and corneocyte) stratum corneum (SC). This ...
    Public Domain
  • Interventions for Musculoskeletal Disorders in ComputerIntense Office Work A Framework for Evaluation
    Interventions for Musculoskeletal Disorders in Computer-Intense Office Work: A Framework for Evaluation
    Cole DC ;
    Wells RP
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Workplace interventions for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are usually multifaceted. These interventions tend to deal with multiple work organizational and physical risk factors and have components occurring at different organizational levels. The organizations are often changing, with shifting initiatives and priorities. Evaluation ...
  • Worker Health Chartbook 2000 Focus on Mining
    Worker Health Chartbook, 2000: Focus on Mining
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
    2002/04/01 | NIOSH Numbered Publications
    Historically, the highest rates of fatal and nonfatal injury have occurred in the mining industry. During the 85-year period from 1911 to 1995, more than 103,000 workers were fatally injured in mining. From 1911 through 1915 alone, 16,646 fatalities occurred, and the annual average fatality rate exceeded 300 per 100,000 workers. By the early 1950s, ...
    Public Domain
  • Texture Analysis of Opacity Profusion in Chest Radiographs of Miners with Pneumoconiosis
    Texture Analysis of Opacity Profusion in Chest Radiographs of Miners with Pneumoconiosis
    James D ;
    Ketai L
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Individuals who have been exposed through their occupations to high levels of dust, asbestos, or other particulates are at risk for interstitial lung diseases such as pneumoconiosis. These individuals must have periodic examinations including chest radiographs to monitor for signs of the opacities associated with pneumoconiosis. The International L ...
  • Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of the Development of Pulmonary Tolerance to Inhaled Zinc Oxide
    Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of the Development of Pulmonary Tolerance to Inhaled Zinc Oxide
    Chen LC ;
    Gordon T
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    As a result of repeated exposure to inhaled toxic agents in different occupations and environmental settings, individuals may develop tolerance to adverse health effects. Thus, the identification of innate and extrinsic factors that influence the ability to develop tolerance is a significant issue among inbred strains of mice, the BALB/cByJ (CBy) s ...
    Public Domain
  • Occupational Hazards in Hospitals Violence
    Occupational Hazards in Hospitals: Violence
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
    2002/04/01 | NIOSH Numbered Publications
    All hospitals should develop a comprehensive violence prevention program. No universal strategy exists to prevent violence. The risk factors vary from hospital to hospital and from unit to unit. Hospitals should form multidisciplinary committees that include direct-care staff as well as union representatives (if available) to identify risk factors ...
    Public Domain
  • Worker Health Chartbook 2000 Nonfatal Injury
    Worker Health Chartbook, 2000: Nonfatal Injury
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
    2002/04/01 | NIOSH Numbered Publications
    During 1976 - 1997, the total number of nonfatal occupational injuries has fluctuated between 4.7 and 6.4 million per year, as recorded by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) in the Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (SOII). However, the incidence rates for total nonfatal injuries in private industry declined from highs of 9.2 cases per ...
    Public Domain
  • Youth Teaching Youth Are TASK Teens Ready to Teach
    Youth Teaching Youth: Are TASK Teens Ready to Teach
    Petrea RE
    2002/04/01 | Grant Final Reports
    "Youth Teaching Youth: Are TASK Teens Ready to Teach?" is an evaluation of the ongoing Teaching Agricultural Safety to Kids (TASK) initiative of the Illinois Easter Seal Society (lESS). TASK subscribes to a youth teaching youth model that trains high school FFA chapter members in agricultural safety and health topics. These trained FFA members then ...
  • Research Directions to Improve Estimates of Human Exposure and Risk from Diesel Exhaust
    Research Directions to Improve Estimates of Human Exposure and Risk from Diesel Exhaust
    Health Effects Institute
    2002/04/01 | Mining Publications
    A Special Report of the Institute's Diesel Epidemiology Working Group. The Diesel Epidemiology Working Group was formed in the fall of 2000 to (1) review reports from 6 diesel feasibility studies funded by HEI to provide information on potential study populations and on exposure assessment methods; and (2) consider the results of the feasibility st ...
  • Newly Diagnosed Chronic Beryllium Disease CBD in Former Beryllium Workers
    Newly Diagnosed Chronic Beryllium Disease (CBD) in Former Beryllium Workers
    Aronchick J ;
    Bush A
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    In a survey of two former beryllium (Be) processing plants, 1,464 individuals participated in medical screening including chest x-ray, spirometry and blood BE proliferation testing (LPT). 48 cases of definite CBD (evidence of granuloma (by biopsy) and positive Be LPT) were diagnosed. 31 (64%) of these cases were newly identified cases of CBD. All c ...
  • WorkRelated Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome in Selected US States
    Work-Related Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome in Selected U.S. States
    Davis, Letitia ;
    Derk SJ
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    To elaborate the descriptive epidemiology of work-related cases of reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS). Cases of work-related asthma (WRA) were identified in four states in the United States during 1993-1995 as part of the Sentinel Event Notification Systems for Occupational Risks (SENSOR). Information gathered by follow-back interview was ...
    Public Domain
  • A prospective study of computer users II Postural risk factors for musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders
    A prospective study of computer users: II. Postural risk factors for musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders
    Cohen S ;
    Edwards A
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Despite widespread recommendations regarding posture during computer use, associations between specific postures and musculoskeletal health are not well characterized. Methods: Six hundred and thirty-two newly hired computer users were followed prospectively to evaluate associations between posture and neck or shoulder (N/S) and hand or ...
  • Does decentralization make a difference for the organization An examination of the boundary conditions circumscribing decentralized decisionmaking and organizational financial performance
    Does decentralization make a difference for the organization? An examination of the boundary conditions circumscribing decentralized decision-making and organizational financial performance
    Blum TC ;
    Richardson HA
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Recently, there has been increased interest in the organizational gains that can be achieved by decentralizing decision-making authority to lower level employees. Yet, literature examining the relationship of decentralization to organizational performance is both scarce and equivocal. The current study examines decentralization's influence on finan ...
  • Postural sway measurements a potential safety monitoring technique for workers wearing personal protective equipment
    Postural sway measurements: a potential safety monitoring technique for workers wearing personal protective equipment
    Bhattacharya, Amit ;
    Clark CS
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    This study investigated the use of postural sway measurements as a potential safety monitoring technique. Sixteen healthy male volunteers (age: 41.8 +/- 9.3 years) participated in this study. The level of neurophysiological strain and the ability to maintain upright balance for workers wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) were investigated. ...
  • Association Between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Employment by Industry and Occupation in the US Population A Study of Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Association Between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Employment by Industry and Occupation in the US Population: A Study of Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Bang KM ;
    Hnizdo, Eva
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Data from the US population-based Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, conducted from 1988 to 1994, were used to estimate the population prevalence, prevalence odds ratios, and attributable fractions for the association of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with employment by industry and occupation. The aim was to iden ...
    Public Domain
  • Cognitive Function Among Older Individuals with Obstructive Airway Disease
    Cognitive Function Among Older Individuals with Obstructive Airway Disease
    Balmes JR ;
    Blanc PD
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    We estimated self-reported mental health status and prevalence cognitive function problems among subjects with obstructive airway disease (OAD). We conducted telephone interviews with a national random sample of U.S. adults aged 55-75, enriched for subjects with OAD. Subjects classified as having no respiratory condition (NONE; n = 1585; 75%), asth ...
  • EpitheliumDependent Relaxation Responses of GuineaPig Isolated Perfused Trachea to Hypertonic Solution Involves Carbon Monoxide CO
    Epithelium-Dependent Relaxation Responses of Guinea-Pig Isolated, Perfused Trachea to Hypertonic Solution Involves Carbon Monoxide (CO)
    Dowdy J ;
    Fedan, Jeffery S.
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Application of hypertonic solution to the mucosal surface of the guinea-pig isolated, perfused trachea (IPT) elicits epithelium-dependent relaxation of airway smooth muscle via epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF), the identity of which is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine whether CO mediates smooth muscle relaxation. After co ...
    Public Domain
  • The Pitfalls of Hair Analysis for Toxicants in Clinical Practice Three Case Reports
    The Pitfalls of Hair Analysis for Toxicants in Clinical Practice: Three Case Reports
    Frisch M ;
    Schwartz BS
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Hair analysis is used to assess exposure to heavy metals in patients presenting with nonspecific symptoms and is a commonly used procedure in patients referred to our clinic. We are frequently called on to evaluate patients who have health-related concerns as a result of hair analysis. Three patients first presented to outside physicians with nonsp ...
44161 - 44180 / 82803