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Showing 1641 - 1660 of 1966 results

The experiences of registered nurses who are injured by interpersonal violence while on duty in an emergency department.

Gillespie G ;

Sekula K

2016/10/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

A successful career as an emergency department registered nurse (RN) requires the ability to respond quickly to a wide variety of potentially life-threatening illnesses and injuries. The unpredictable nature of this work can evoke emotional and physical stress on the RN beyond that which might be experienced by nurses who work in more stable, contr ...

12/01/2025

Title : The experiences of registered nurses who are injured by interpersonal violence while on duty in an emergency department. Personal Author(s) : Gillespie G;Sekula K;Wright-Brown S;Zoucha R; Published Date : 2016/10/01 Pages in Document : 189-197 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249331 Gillespie G et al. (2016). The experiences of registered nurses who are injured by interpersonal violence while on duty in an emergency department.. 12(4). Gillespie G et al. "The experiences of registered nurses who are injured by interpersonal violence while on duty in an emergency department." 12, no. 4 (2016) Gillespie G et al. "The experiences of registered nurses who are injured by interpersonal violence while on duty in an emergency department." vol. 12, no. 4, 2016 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Gillespie G AU - Sekula K AU - Wright-Brown S AU - Zoucha R AB - A successful career as an emergency department registered nurse (RN) requires the ability to respond quickly to a wide variety of potentially life-threatening illnesses and injuries. The unpredictable nature of this work can evoke emotional and physical stress on the RN beyond that which might be experienced by nurses who work in more stable, controlled, and predictable environments. Emergency healthcare is predicated on unexpected illness or injury leading to unscheduled episodic work. Additional stress is placed on the RN by the potential for violence that occurs in emergency departments. This mixed method pilot study describes the experiences of RNs who have been injured by violence while working in an emergency department. The study included an assessment of the job satisfaction of RNs in the emergency department based on Porter's Need Satisfaction Scale. This scale addresses need fulfillment in five categories: security, social, esteem, autonomy, and self-actualization. The self-actualization subscale measures satisfaction with personal growth, worthwhile accomplishments, and self-fulfillment. During the second strand of the study, phenomenological informed interviews were held with RNs who had been injured while on duty in an emergency department. The findings indicate that the largest reported gaps between the current state and the desired state were found in the area of security and self-actualization. RNs in the emergency department who answered the survey indicated that they desired a safe, secure worksite where they could achieve personal growth, worthwhile accomplishments, and self-fulfillment; but they were not satisfied with their current status in these areas. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249331 IS - 4 KW - Emergency Responders KW - Health Personnel KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Stress, Psychological KW - Violence KW - Workplace KW - Emergency care; Nurses; Nursing; Health care workers; Work environment; Job stress; Workplace violence; Injuries; KW - Author Keywords: emergency department violence; healthcare violence; interpersonal violence; job satisfaction; violence; violence involving nurses KW - Emergency Responders KW - Health Personnel KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Stress, Psychological KW - Violence KW - Workplace LA - eng PY - 2016/10/01 TI - The experiences of registered nurses who are injured by interpersonal violence while on duty in an emergency department. VL - 12 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249331 ER -
Predicting Parkinson's disease and its pathology via simple clinical variables.

Akbilgic O ;

Alexandrov AV

2022/01/21 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, disabling neurodegenerative disorder. Objective: To predict a future diagnosis of PD using questionnaires and simple non-invasive clinical tests. Methods: Participants in the prospective Kuakini Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS) were evaluated biannually between 1995-2017 by PD experts using standar ...

12/01/2025

Title : Predicting Parkinson's disease and its pathology via simple clinical variables. Personal Author(s) : Akbilgic O;Alexandrov AV;Butler L;Chinthala LK;Davis RL;Goldman SM;Gunturkun F;Kamaleswaran R;Karabayir I;Masaki K;Petrovitch H;Ross GW;Tanner CM;Tsivgoulis G; Published Date : 2022/01/21 Pages in Document : 341-351 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249330 Akbilgic O et al. (2022). Predicting Parkinson's disease and its pathology via simple clinical variables.. 12(1). Akbilgic O et al. "Predicting Parkinson's disease and its pathology via simple clinical variables." 12, no. 1 (2022) Akbilgic O et al. "Predicting Parkinson's disease and its pathology via simple clinical variables." vol. 12, no. 1, 2022 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Akbilgic O AU - Alexandrov AV AU - Butler L AU - Chinthala LK AU - Davis RL AU - Goldman SM AU - Gunturkun F AU - Kamaleswaran R AU - Karabayir I AU - Masaki K AU - Petrovitch H AU - Ross GW AU - Tanner CM AU - Tsivgoulis G AB - Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, disabling neurodegenerative disorder. Objective: To predict a future diagnosis of PD using questionnaires and simple non-invasive clinical tests. Methods: Participants in the prospective Kuakini Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS) were evaluated biannually between 1995-2017 by PD experts using standard diagnostic criteria. Autopsies were sought on all deaths. We input simple clinical and risk factor variables into an ensemble-tree based machine learning algorithm and derived models to predict the probability of developing PD. We also investigated relationships of predictive models and neuropathologic features such as nigral neuron density. Results: The study sample included 292 subjects, 25 of whom developed PD within 3 years and 41 by 5 years. 116 (46%) of 251 subjects not diagnosed with PD underwent autopsy. Light Gradient Boosting Machine modeling of 12 predictors correctly classified a high proportion of individuals who developed PD within 3 years (area under the curve (AUC) 0.82, 95%CI 0.76-0.89) or 5 years (AUC 0.77, 95%CI 0.71-0.84). A large proportion of controls who were misclassified as PD had Lewy pathology at autopsy, including 79%of those who died within 3 years. PD probability estimates correlated inversely with nigral neuron density and were strongest in autopsies conducted within 3 years of index date (r = -0.57, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Machine learning can identify persons likely to develop PD during the prodromal period using questionnaires and simple non-invasive tests. Correlation with neuropathology suggests that true model accuracy may be considerably higher than estimates based solely on clinical diagnosis. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249330 IS - 1 KW - Aging KW - Autopsy KW - Environmental Pollution KW - Genetics KW - Men KW - Nervous System KW - Occupational Health KW - Risk Assessment KW - Risk Factors KW - Safety KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Women KW - Parkinsons disease; Aging; Questionnaires; Autopsies; Models; Neuropathology; Environmental contamination; Genetics; Risk factors; Brain disorders; Diseases; Humans; Men; Women; Statistical analysis; KW - Author Keywords: Lewy body pathology; Parkinson's disease; machine learning; neuron density KW - Aging KW - Autopsy KW - Environmental Pollution KW - Genetics KW - Men KW - Nervous System KW - Occupational Health KW - Risk Assessment KW - Risk Factors KW - Safety KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Women LA - eng PY - 2022/01/21 TI - Predicting Parkinson's disease and its pathology via simple clinical variables. VL - 12 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249330 ER -
The effects of waste sorting in environmental microbiome, THP-1 cell viability and inflammatory responses.

Caetano LA ;

Cox J

2020/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Workers in the waste sorting industry are exposed to diverse bioaerosols. Characterization of these bioaerosols is necessary to more accurately assess the health risks of exposure. The use of high-throughput DNA sequencing for improved analysis of microbial composition of bioaerosols, in combination with their in vitro study in relevant cell cultur ...

12/01/2025

Title : The effects of waste sorting in environmental microbiome, THP-1 cell viability and inflammatory responses. Personal Author(s) : Caetano LA;Cox J;Dannemiller KC;Haines SR;Korkalainen M;Reponen T;Viegas C;Viegas S; Published Date : 2020/06/01 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249329 Caetano LA et al. (2020). The effects of waste sorting in environmental microbiome, THP-1 cell viability and inflammatory responses.. 185 Caetano LA et al. "The effects of waste sorting in environmental microbiome, THP-1 cell viability and inflammatory responses." 185 (2020) Caetano LA et al. "The effects of waste sorting in environmental microbiome, THP-1 cell viability and inflammatory responses." vol. 185, 2020 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Caetano LA AU - Cox J AU - Dannemiller KC AU - Haines SR AU - Korkalainen M AU - Reponen T AU - Viegas C AU - Viegas S AB - Workers in the waste sorting industry are exposed to diverse bioaerosols. Characterization of these bioaerosols is necessary to more accurately assess the health risks of exposure. The use of high-throughput DNA sequencing for improved analysis of microbial composition of bioaerosols, in combination with their in vitro study in relevant cell cultures, represents an important opportunity to find answers on the biological effects of bioaerosols. This study aimed to characterize by high-throughput sequencing the biodiversity present in complex aerosol mixtures retained in forklift air conditioning filters of a waste-sorting industry and its effects on cytotoxicity and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in vitro using human macrophages derived from monocytic THP-1 cells. Seventeen filters from the filtration system from forklifts operating in one waste sorting facility and one control filter (similar filter without prior use) were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing and toxicological tests in vitro. A trend of positive correlation was seen between the number of bacterial and fungal OTUs (r = 0.47, p = 0.06). Seven filters (39%) exhibited low or moderate cytotoxicity (p < 0.05). The highest cytotoxic responses had a reduction in cell viability between 17 and 22%. Filter samples evoked proinflammatory responses, especially the production of TNFa. No significant correlation was found between fungal richness and inflammatory responses in vitro. The data obtained stress the need of thorough exposure assessment in waste-sorting industry and to take immunomodulatory properties into consideration for bioaerosols hazard characterization. The broad spectrum of microbial contamination detected in this study demonstrates that adequate monitoring of bioaerosol exposure is necessary to evaluate and minimize risks. The combined techniques can support the implementation of effective environmental monitoring programs of public and occupational health importance. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249329 KW - Cytotoxins KW - Immune System KW - Microbiology KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Bioaerosols; Waste disposal; Refuse collection; Microbiology; Cytotoxicity; Cytokines; Occupational exposure; Exposure assessment; Immune reaction; KW - Author Keywords: Waste-sorting industry; Occupational exposure assessment; Microbial diversity; High-throughput sequencing; Cell viability and proinflammatory cytokine levels KW - Cytotoxins KW - Immune System KW - Microbiology KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2020/06/01 TI - The effects of waste sorting in environmental microbiome, THP-1 cell viability and inflammatory responses. VL - 185 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249329 ER -
Patient & employee safety culture: measurement & agreement.

Betancourt JA ;

Delclos GL

2020/02/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

The delivery of high-quality healthcare and the presence of a strong culture of patient safety are vital to the continued success of a healthcare organization. Failing to provide quality care can have a significant effect on an organization's financial bottom line. As a result, hospitals are focusing increased attention on improving healthcare qual ...

12/01/2025

Title : Patient & employee safety culture: measurement & agreement. Personal Author(s) : Betancourt JA;Delclos GL;Douphrate DI;Gimeno Ruiz de Porras D;Pate WJ; Published Date : 2020/02/01 Pages in Document : 41-46 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249328 Betancourt JA et al. (2020). Patient & employee safety culture: measurement & agreement.. 65(2). Betancourt JA et al. "Patient & employee safety culture: measurement & agreement." 65, no. 2 (2020) Betancourt JA et al. "Patient & employee safety culture: measurement & agreement." vol. 65, no. 2, 2020 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Betancourt JA AU - Delclos GL AU - Douphrate DI AU - Gimeno Ruiz de Porras D AU - Pate WJ AB - The delivery of high-quality healthcare and the presence of a strong culture of patient safety are vital to the continued success of a healthcare organization. Failing to provide quality care can have a significant effect on an organization's financial bottom line. As a result, hospitals are focusing increased attention on improving healthcare quality by creating a culture of patient safety. The effect of poor employee safety performance in healthcare may not be as dramatic as large-scale industrial disasters but has the potential to drastically impact employee health and well-being. Increased incidence and severity of workplace injuries can also create negative impacts on patient safety. Despite efforts to improve patient safety culture (PSC) in U.S. hospitals, employee safety, part of the field of occupational health, often appears to be considered an afterthought. For example, as part of its accreditation survey process, The Joint Commission (2020) requires that results of an organization's most recent safety culture survey be provided. Such survey results, as demonstrated by references to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Culture of Safety survey, are often focused on patient safety and lack measures related to employee safety (The Joint Commission, 2018). Safety culture, both employee safety culture (ESC) and PSC, can be considered a part of the overall organizational culture, but with emphasis on beliefs and values that impact employee safety and health, and patient safety, respectively (Clarke, 1999). OSHA (2020) and The Joint Commission (2012) have both released publications indicating a linkage between PSC and ESC. Despite this presumed linkage, the literature is lacking in studies concurrently measuring and evaluating the level of PSC and ESC in a healthcare organization to identify the level of agreement between the two. Researchers in the field agree that additional studies are needed to show that patient safety and employee safety are interrelated (Sokas, Braun, Chenven, et al., 2013). Inadequate evidence exists to determine whether strong PSC correlates well to strong ESC or whether tools designed to measure PSC agree well with tools designed to measure ESC. PSC surveys, such as those tools developed by AHRQ, are frequently administered to healthcare workers to measure and assess the strength of PSC in the organization. In contrast, ESC surveys are administered less frequently, possibly due to the difficulty of identifying validated survey tools or due to the desire to not overwhelm employees with too many surveys. If the presumed relationship between PSC and ESC exists, then practicing safety professionals could gain valuable information on ESC without administering a separate survey tool. The authors hypothesized that PSC and ESC measure related organizational characteristics and that a high level of agreement exists between PSC and ESC. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249328 IS - 2 KW - Occupational Health KW - Quality Control KW - Safety KW - Workplace KW - Health care; Work organization; Patient handling; Quality standards; Work environment; Safety culture; Costs KW - Occupational Health KW - Quality Control KW - Safety KW - Workplace LA - eng PY - 2020/02/01 TI - Patient & employee safety culture: measurement & agreement. VL - 65 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249328 ER -
Preventing Parkinson's disease: an environmental agenda.

De Miranda BR ;

Dorsey ER

2022/01/21 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Fueled by aging populations and continued environmental contamination, the global burden of Parkinson's disease (PD) is increasing. The disease, or more appropriately diseases, have multiple environmental and genetic influences but no approved disease modifying therapy. Additionally, efforts to prevent this debilitating disease have been limited. A ...

12/01/2025

Title : Preventing Parkinson's disease: an environmental agenda. Personal Author(s) : De Miranda BR;Dorsey ER;Goldman SM;Greenamyre JT;Miller GW; Published Date : 2022/01/21 Pages in Document : 45-68 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249327 De Miranda BR et al. (2022). Preventing Parkinson's disease: an environmental agenda.. 12(1). De Miranda BR et al. "Preventing Parkinson's disease: an environmental agenda." 12, no. 1 (2022) De Miranda BR et al. "Preventing Parkinson's disease: an environmental agenda." vol. 12, no. 1, 2022 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - De Miranda BR AU - Dorsey ER AU - Goldman SM AU - Greenamyre JT AU - Miller GW AB - Fueled by aging populations and continued environmental contamination, the global burden of Parkinson's disease (PD) is increasing. The disease, or more appropriately diseases, have multiple environmental and genetic influences but no approved disease modifying therapy. Additionally, efforts to prevent this debilitating disease have been limited. As numerous environmental contaminants (e.g., pesticides, metals, industrial chemicals) are implicated in PD, disease prevention is possible. To reduce the burden of PD, we have compiled preclinical and clinical research priorities that highlight both disease prediction and primary prevention. Though not exhaustive, the "PD prevention agenda" builds upon many years of research by our colleagues and proposes next steps through the lens of modifiable risk factors. The agenda identifies ten specific areas of further inquiry and considers the funding and policy changes that will be necessary to help prevent the world's fastest growing brain disease. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249327 IS - 1 KW - Aging KW - Environmental Pollution KW - Genetics KW - Insecticides KW - Manufacturing and Industrial Facilities KW - Metals KW - Occupational Health KW - Risk Assessment KW - Risk Factors KW - Safety KW - Parkinsons disease; Aging; Environmental contamination; Genetics; Pesticides; Metals; Industrial hazards; Chemicals; Disease prevention; Risk factors; Brain disorders; Diseases; KW - Author Keywords: Parkinson's disease; air pollution; chlorinated solvents; clinical research; environment; metals; pesticides; preclinical research KW - Aging KW - Environmental Pollution KW - Genetics KW - Insecticides KW - Manufacturing and Industrial Facilities KW - Metals KW - Occupational Health KW - Risk Assessment KW - Risk Factors KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2022/01/21 TI - Preventing Parkinson's disease: an environmental agenda. VL - 12 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249327 ER -
Study correlating lead (Pb) level exposure and bone shock absorption capacity based on damping associated with higher modes of vibration.

Bhattacharya, Amit ;

Singh KV

2021/08/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Noninvasive vibration testing is one of the tools for characterizing the biomechanical properties of bones and muscle groups in humans and animals. They present alternatives for evaluating bone health quality and may serve as early indicators for bone fragility and bone-related diseases. In recent years, a vibration-based bone shock absorption (BSA ...

12/01/2025

Title : Study correlating lead (Pb) level exposure and bone shock absorption capacity based on damping associated with higher modes of vibration. Personal Author(s) : Bhattacharya, Amit;Singh KV;Veta J; Published Date : 2021/08/01 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249326 Bhattacharya, Amit et al. (2021). Study correlating lead (Pb) level exposure and bone shock absorption capacity based on damping associated with higher modes of vibration.. 4(3). Bhattacharya, Amit and Singh KV and Veta J "Study correlating lead (Pb) level exposure and bone shock absorption capacity based on damping associated with higher modes of vibration." 4, no. 3 (2021) Bhattacharya, Amit et al. "Study correlating lead (Pb) level exposure and bone shock absorption capacity based on damping associated with higher modes of vibration." vol. 4, no. 3, 2021 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Bhattacharya, Amit AU - Singh KV AU - Veta J AB - Noninvasive vibration testing is one of the tools for characterizing the biomechanical properties of bones and muscle groups in humans and animals. They present alternatives for evaluating bone health quality and may serve as early indicators for bone fragility and bone-related diseases. In recent years, a vibration-based bone shock absorption (BSA) method has shown potential to relate the damping capacity associated with the fundamental (first) vibration modes for developing dynamic bone quality indicators for osteoporosis patients. This research presents a study of early life (birth to age 78?months) lead (Pb) exposure on the damping capacity (bone fragility measures) with the bone shock absorption method. The damping ratio corresponding to few vibration modes is extracted and analyzed using clinical bone shock absorption data of patients with different Pb exposure levels. A method is developed for clustering and identifying three dominant vibration modes and their corresponding damping ratio. The statistical correlation between the damping parameters associated with higher vibration modes and Pb exposure level is presented here. This study highlights the importance of analyzing higher vibration modes and their damping capacity, which could be used to predict early diagnostics precursors of the bone- and/or muscle-related conditions or disorders. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249326 IS - 3 KW - Biomechanical Phenomena KW - Diagnosis KW - Lead KW - Musculoskeletal System KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Vibration KW - Biomechanics; Vibration; Bone disorders; Muscle tissue; Musculoskeletal system; Lead; Clinical tests; Diagnostic techniques KW - Biomechanical Phenomena KW - Diagnosis KW - Lead KW - Musculoskeletal System KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Vibration LA - eng PY - 2021/08/01 TI - Study correlating lead (Pb) level exposure and bone shock absorption capacity based on damping associated with higher modes of vibration. VL - 4 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249326 ER -
Time-trends of U.S. Occupational Noise Standard violations by OSHA region and industry type 1972 to 2019.

Hong OS ;

Park CG

2022/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Objective: We examined time-trends in Occupational Noise Standard violations by OSHA region and industry type over 48 years. Methods: Along with descriptive analysis of original data, negative binomial regression and Poisson regression were applied to the analysis of 1972 to 2019 and 1972 to 2012 data, respectively. Results: A small annual decrease ...

12/01/2025

Title : Time-trends of U.S. Occupational Noise Standard violations by OSHA region and industry type 1972 to 2019. Personal Author(s) : Hong OS;Park CG;Park S; Published Date : 2022/04/01 Pages in Document : 305-313 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249325 Hong OS et al. (2022). Time-trends of U.S. Occupational Noise Standard violations by OSHA region and industry type 1972 to 2019.. 64(4). Hong OS and Park CG and Park S "Time-trends of U.S. Occupational Noise Standard violations by OSHA region and industry type 1972 to 2019." 64, no. 4 (2022) Hong OS et al. "Time-trends of U.S. Occupational Noise Standard violations by OSHA region and industry type 1972 to 2019." vol. 64, no. 4, 2022 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Hong OS AU - Park CG AU - Park S AB - Objective: We examined time-trends in Occupational Noise Standard violations by OSHA region and industry type over 48 years. Methods: Along with descriptive analysis of original data, negative binomial regression and Poisson regression were applied to the analysis of 1972 to 2019 and 1972 to 2012 data, respectively. Results: A small annual decrease in violation units over the periods was revealed. The three analyses produced differing timetrends. The manufacturing industry had more violations, and Region 4 had the most violations. Regarding numbers of units, the 10 regions and 2 industries were jointly significant. Some interaction between regions and industry types appeared in both regressions. Conclusions: OSHA should specify how many regions report noise violations each year to ensure accurate identification of noise-related health risks to American workers. Further time-trend studies are needed for specific regions and industry types. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249325 IS - 4 KW - Manufacturing and Industrial Facilities KW - Men KW - Noise KW - Noise, Occupational KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Women KW - Workplace KW - Noise exposure; Manufacturing; Humans; Men; Women; Workers; Work environment; KW - Author Keywords: industry; occupational noise; region; time-trend; United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration KW - Manufacturing and Industrial Facilities KW - Men KW - Noise KW - Noise, Occupational KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Women KW - Workplace LA - eng PY - 2022/04/01 TI - Time-trends of U.S. Occupational Noise Standard violations by OSHA region and industry type 1972 to 2019. VL - 64 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249325 ER -
Influence of face shields on exposures to respirable aerosol.

Jones RM ;

Sleeth DK

2022/03/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of face shields on the concentration of respirable aerosols in the breathing zone of the wearer. The experimental approach involved the generation of poly-dispersed respirable test dust aerosol in a low-speed wind tunnel over 15 min, with a downstream breathing mannequin. Aerosol concentrat ...

12/01/2025

Title : Influence of face shields on exposures to respirable aerosol. Personal Author(s) : Jones RM;Sleeth DK;Woodfield MJ; Published Date : 2022/03/01 Pages in Document : 139-144 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249324 Jones RM et al. (2022). Influence of face shields on exposures to respirable aerosol.. 19(3). Jones RM and Sleeth DK and Woodfield MJ "Influence of face shields on exposures to respirable aerosol." 19, no. 3 (2022) Jones RM et al. "Influence of face shields on exposures to respirable aerosol." vol. 19, no. 3, 2022 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Jones RM AU - Sleeth DK AU - Woodfield MJ AB - The objective of this study was to determine the influence of face shields on the concentration of respirable aerosols in the breathing zone of the wearer. The experimental approach involved the generation of poly-dispersed respirable test dust aerosol in a low-speed wind tunnel over 15 min, with a downstream breathing mannequin. Aerosol concentrations were measured in the breathing zone of the mannequin and at an upstream location using two laser spectrophotometers that measured particle number concentration over the range 0.25-31 µm. Three face shield designs were tested (A, B, and C) and were positioned on the mannequin operated at a high and low breathing rate. Efficiency-the reduction in aerosol concentration in the breathing zone-was calculated as a function of particle size and overall, for each face shield. Face shield A, a bucket hat with flexible shield, had the highest efficiency, approximately 95%, while more traditional face shield designs had efficiency 53-78%, depending on face shield and breathing rate. Efficiency varied by particle size, but the pattern differed among face shield designs. Face shields decreased the concentration of respirable aerosols in the breathing zone when aerosols were carried perpendicular to the face. Additional research is needed to understand the impact of face shield position relative to the source. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249324 IS - 3 KW - Aerosols KW - Communicable Diseases KW - Dust KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Particulate Matter KW - Respiratory System KW - Risk Assessment KW - Risk Factors KW - Safety KW - Face shields; Aerosols; Exposure levels; Risk factors; Respiratory function; Breathing zone; Respirable dust; Dusts; Particulate dust; Particulates; Particle size; Statistical analysis; KW - Author Keywords: Infectious diseases; personal protective equipment; wind tunnel KW - Aerosols KW - Communicable Diseases KW - Dust KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Particulate Matter KW - Respiratory System KW - Risk Assessment KW - Risk Factors KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2022/03/01 TI - Influence of face shields on exposures to respirable aerosol. VL - 19 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249324 ER -
The dyadic context of safety: an examination of safety motivation, behavior, and life satisfaction among farm couples.

Britton AR ;

Sprung JM

2016/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

The current study sought to address two gaps within the safety literature by (1) examining the dyadic context of safety motivation and safety behavior and (2) focusing on a psychological outcome of safety behavior - life satisfaction. Crossover theory was used as a framework to examine direct and mediated relationships among a sample of 217 married ...

12/01/2025

Title : The dyadic context of safety: an examination of safety motivation, behavior, and life satisfaction among farm couples. Personal Author(s) : Britton AR;Sprung JM; Published Date : 2016/06/01 Pages in Document : 1-8 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249323 Britton AR and Sprung JM (2016). The dyadic context of safety: an examination of safety motivation, behavior, and life satisfaction among farm couples.. 85 Britton AR and Sprung JM "The dyadic context of safety: an examination of safety motivation, behavior, and life satisfaction among farm couples." 85 (2016) Britton AR and Sprung JM "The dyadic context of safety: an examination of safety motivation, behavior, and life satisfaction among farm couples." vol. 85, 2016 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Britton AR AU - Sprung JM AB - The current study sought to address two gaps within the safety literature by (1) examining the dyadic context of safety motivation and safety behavior and (2) focusing on a psychological outcome of safety behavior - life satisfaction. Crossover theory was used as a framework to examine direct and mediated relationships among a sample of 217 married farm couples. Specifically, husbands' and wives' safety motivation were tested as predictors of husband safety behavior. Furthermore, husband safety behavior and wives' perception of husbands' safety behavior were examined as predictors of life satisfaction. Results indicated that wives' safety motivation contributed to husbands' safety behavior indirectly via husbands' own safety motivation. Additionally, husband safety behavior significantly predicted personal life satisfaction and also contributed to spousal life satisfaction indirectly via wives' perceptions. Overall, findings suggest the importance of considering both partners' attitudes when examining antecedents and outcomes related to safety behavior among closely related individuals. Implications of these findings, as well as directions for future research are discussed. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249323 KW - Behavior KW - Family KW - Farmers KW - Mental Health KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Safety practices; Safety research; Behavior; Attitude; Families; Farm workers; Psychology; Total Worker Health; TWH; KW - Author Keywords: Safety motivation; Safety behavior; Safety perceptions; Life satisfaction; Crossover; Farming KW - Behavior KW - Family KW - Farmers KW - Mental Health KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2016/06/01 TI - The dyadic context of safety: an examination of safety motivation, behavior, and life satisfaction among farm couples. VL - 85 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249323 ER -
Inhalation exposure and respiratory protection of home healthcare workers administering aerosolized medications (simulation study).

Grinshpun SA ;

Leppänen M

2019/05/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

There is little information regarding aerosol exposure from using medical nebulizers and the factors affecting the risk of exposure, especially for treatments performed in a patient's home environment. Home healthcare workers (HHWs) are a rapidly growing work population often exposed to aerosol hazards. Thus, we designed a simulated environment to ...

12/01/2025

Title : Inhalation exposure and respiratory protection of home healthcare workers administering aerosolized medications (simulation study). Personal Author(s) : Grinshpun SA;Leppänen M;Newman NC;Ollier K;Reponen T;Wu B;Yermakov M; Published Date : 2019/05/01 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249322 Grinshpun SA et al. (2019). Inhalation exposure and respiratory protection of home healthcare workers administering aerosolized medications (simulation study).. 19(5). Grinshpun SA et al. "Inhalation exposure and respiratory protection of home healthcare workers administering aerosolized medications (simulation study)." 19, no. 5 (2019) Grinshpun SA et al. "Inhalation exposure and respiratory protection of home healthcare workers administering aerosolized medications (simulation study)." vol. 19, no. 5, 2019 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Grinshpun SA AU - Leppänen M AU - Newman NC AU - Ollier K AU - Reponen T AU - Wu B AU - Yermakov M AB - There is little information regarding aerosol exposure from using medical nebulizers and the factors affecting the risk of exposure, especially for treatments performed in a patient's home environment. Home healthcare workers (HHWs) are a rapidly growing work population often exposed to aerosol hazards. Thus, we designed a simulated environment to measure the aerosol inhalation exposure of an HHW administering pressure-nebulized medications. We determined the relative contributions of different factors to aerosol reduction, namely, the room air exchange rate, proximity to the patient, and patient breathing rate, in an exposure chamber simulating a patient's bedroom. Additionally, the performance of respiratory protective devices worn by an HHW, a surgical mask and N95 filtering facepiece respirator (FFR), was evaluated using NaCl as a well-established surrogate. The particle concentration in the breathing zone of an unprotected worker ranged from 7,118 to 284,600 cm-3. The proximity to the aerosol source affected the aerosol concentration, but the influence of this factor diminished when the distance increased beyond 24 inches. For an unprotected HHW, ventilation was the most effective way to reduce exposure to nebulizer-produced medical aerosols. An increase in the air exchange rate from 0 to 5 h-1 significantly reduced the exposure; however, a further increase (to 17 h-1) produced only a small reduction in the particle concentration. Therefore, no evidence suggests that patient homes require extremely efficient ventilation to mitigate HHWs' exposure to nebulizer-produced medications. Increasing the patient's breathing flow rate reduced the aerosol inhalation exposure; however, this factor cannot be controlled, which weakens its practical viability. Wearing respiratory protection devices was found to be the most efficient way to reduce aerosol exposure (within the set of tested variables). As expected, an N95 FFR with a proper seal was about 20-fold more efficient than a surgical mask. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249322 IS - 5 KW - Aerosols KW - Health Personnel KW - Home Care Services KW - Occupational Health KW - Personal Protective Equipment KW - Respiratory Protective Devices KW - Safety KW - Home health care; Health care workers; Aerosols; Aerosol particles; N95 filtering facepiece respirators; Personal protective equipment; PPE; Respiratory protection; Medicinal chemicals; KW - Author Keywords: Aerosol exposure; Medical nebulizer; Respiratory protection; Home healthcare KW - Aerosols KW - Health Personnel KW - Home Care Services KW - Occupational Health KW - Personal Protective Equipment KW - Respiratory Protective Devices KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2019/05/01 TI - Inhalation exposure and respiratory protection of home healthcare workers administering aerosolized medications (simulation study). VL - 19 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249322 ER -
Inactivation of bacterial and fungal spores by UV irradiation and gaseous iodine treatment applied to air handling filters.

Grinshpun SA ;

Indugula R

2019/06/25 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Exposure to viable bacterial and fungal spores re-aerosolized from air handling filters may create a major health risk. Assessing and controlling this exposure have been of interest to the bio-defense and indoor air quality communities. Methods are being developed for inactivating stress-resistant viable microorganisms collected on ventilation filt ...

12/01/2025

Title : Inactivation of bacterial and fungal spores by UV irradiation and gaseous iodine treatment applied to air handling filters. Personal Author(s) : Grinshpun SA;Indugula R;Nakpan W;Reponen T;Yermakov M; Published Date : 2019/06/25 Pages in Document : 59-65 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249321 Grinshpun SA et al. (2019). Inactivation of bacterial and fungal spores by UV irradiation and gaseous iodine treatment applied to air handling filters.. 671 Grinshpun SA et al. "Inactivation of bacterial and fungal spores by UV irradiation and gaseous iodine treatment applied to air handling filters." 671 (2019) Grinshpun SA et al. "Inactivation of bacterial and fungal spores by UV irradiation and gaseous iodine treatment applied to air handling filters." vol. 671, 2019 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Grinshpun SA AU - Indugula R AU - Nakpan W AU - Reponen T AU - Yermakov M AB - Exposure to viable bacterial and fungal spores re-aerosolized from air handling filters may create a major health risk. Assessing and controlling this exposure have been of interest to the bio-defense and indoor air quality communities. Methods are being developed for inactivating stress-resistant viable microorganisms collected on ventilation filters. Here we investigated the inactivation of spores of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Btk), a recognized simulant for B. antracis, and Aspergillus fumigatus, a common opportunistic pathogen used as an indicator for indoor air quality. The viability change was measured on filters treated with ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and gaseous iodine. The spores were collected on high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) and non-HEPA filters, both flattened for testing purposes to represent "surface" filters. A mixed cellulose ester (MCE) membrane filter was also tested as a reference. Additionally, a commercial HEPA unit with a deep-bed (non-flattened) filter was tested. Combined treatments of Btk spores with UV and iodine on MCE filter produced a synergistic inactivation effect. No similar synergy was observed for A. fumigatus. For spores collected on an MCE filter, the inactivation effect was about an order of magnitude greater for Btk compared to A. fumigatus. The filter type was found to be an important factor affecting the inactivation of Btk spores while it was not as influential for A. fumigatus. Overall, the combined effect of UV irradiation and gaseous iodine on viable bacterial and fungal spores collected on flat filters was found to be potent. The benefit of either simultaneous or sequential treatment was much lower for Btk spores embedded inside the deep-bed (non-flattened) HEPA filter, but for A. fumigatus the inactivation on flattened and non-flattened HEPA filters was comparable. For both species, applying UV first and gaseous iodine second produced significantly higher inactivation than when applying them simultaneously or in an opposite sequence. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249321 KW - Aerosols KW - Fungi KW - Microbiology KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Ventilation KW - Aerosols; Bacteria; Aerosol particles; Microorganisms; Ventilation equipment; Pathogens; Ultraviolet light; Iodine; Fungi; HEPA filters; High-efficiency particulate air filters; KW - Author Keywords: Spore; Filter; Ultraviolet; Iodine; Inactivation KW - Aerosols KW - Fungi KW - Microbiology KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Ventilation LA - eng PY - 2019/06/25 TI - Inactivation of bacterial and fungal spores by UV irradiation and gaseous iodine treatment applied to air handling filters. VL - 671 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249321 ER -
Inactivation of aerosolized Bacillus anthracis surrogate spores in close proximity to the flame: simulation study.

Grinshpun SA ;

Indugula R

2019/02/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Survival of bio-warfare aerosol agents exposed to different environmental conditions has gained substantial attention in the biodefense and biosecurity research communities. The present simulation study aimed at investigating the survival of aerosolized bacterial spores in close proximity to a flame under test conditions relevant to a fire or explo ...

12/01/2025

Title : Inactivation of aerosolized Bacillus anthracis surrogate spores in close proximity to the flame: simulation study. Personal Author(s) : Grinshpun SA;Indugula R;Jandarov R;Nakpan W;Reponen T;Yermakov M; Published Date : 2019/02/01 Pages in Document : 72-78 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249320 Grinshpun SA et al. (2019). Inactivation of aerosolized Bacillus anthracis surrogate spores in close proximity to the flame: simulation study.. 128 Grinshpun SA et al. "Inactivation of aerosolized Bacillus anthracis surrogate spores in close proximity to the flame: simulation study." 128 (2019) Grinshpun SA et al. "Inactivation of aerosolized Bacillus anthracis surrogate spores in close proximity to the flame: simulation study." vol. 128, 2019 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Grinshpun SA AU - Indugula R AU - Jandarov R AU - Nakpan W AU - Reponen T AU - Yermakov M AB - Survival of bio-warfare aerosol agents exposed to different environmental conditions has gained substantial attention in the biodefense and biosecurity research communities. The present simulation study aimed at investigating the survival of aerosolized bacterial spores in close proximity to a flame under test conditions relevant to a fire or explosion in a bio-weapon facility. The tests were conducted with aerosolized spores of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Btk), a well-recognized surrogate of Bacillus anthracis, which is a common bio-warfare agent. The loss in spore viability resulting from their exposure to a peripheral area of an air-acetylene flame at two particle-to-flame proximity levels was experimentally determined for different exposure time intervals ranging approximately from 0.1 to 6.0 s. The spore inactivation was quantified through comparison of the viability levels obtained for exposed and non-exposed (control) samples. At relatively short time intervals, the inactivation rate was close to exponential. However, as the exposure time increased, the spore viability decrease slowed down for both proximity levels. The "breaking point" was found to be dependent on the particle-to-flame proximity. The findings point to a small fraction of spores that exhibits particularly high resistance to the stress from the flame-originated heat. To verify the existence of such a sub-population, a separate experiment was performed, in which the aerosolized spores that survived the stress caused by exposure to flame were subsequently subjected to an additional (post-exposure) stress by being placed in an oven for 5, 10 and 20 s. The study results demonstrated the presence of "super-resistant" Btk spores. This justifies the need of developing special materials with pronounced biocidal capabilities (well in excess of those associated with an air-acetylene flame) in order to effectively inactivate "super-resistant" aerosolized bio-agents. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249320 KW - Aerosols KW - Bacteria KW - Dust KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Temperature KW - Aerosols; Bacteria; Bacterial dusts; Combustion; Biocides; Thermal effects; Bioaerosols; Aerosol particles; KW - Author Keywords: Bioaerosol; Anthrax; Spore viability; Inactivation; Flame KW - Aerosols KW - Bacteria KW - Dust KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Temperature LA - eng PY - 2019/02/01 TI - Inactivation of aerosolized Bacillus anthracis surrogate spores in close proximity to the flame: simulation study. VL - 128 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249320 ER -
Inactivation of aerosolized surrogates of Bacillus anthracis spores by combustion products of aluminum- and magnesium-based reactive materials: effect of exposure time.

Dreizin EL ;

Grinshpun SA

2018/05/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Targeting bioweapon facilities may release biothreat agents into the atmosphere. Bacterial spores such as Bacillus anthracis (Ba) escaping from direct exposure to the fireball potentially represent a high health risk. To mitigate it, reactive materials with biocidal properties are being developed. Aluminum-based iodine-containing compositions (e.g. ...

12/01/2025

Title : Inactivation of aerosolized surrogates of Bacillus anthracis spores by combustion products of aluminum- and magnesium-based reactive materials: effect of exposure time. Personal Author(s) : Dreizin EL;Grinshpun SA;Indugula R;Nakpan W;Reponen T;Schoenitz M;Wang S;Yermakov M; Published Date : 2018/05/01 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249319 Dreizin EL et al. (2018). Inactivation of aerosolized surrogates of Bacillus anthracis spores by combustion products of aluminum- and magnesium-based reactive materials: effect of exposure time.. 52(5). Dreizin EL et al. "Inactivation of aerosolized surrogates of Bacillus anthracis spores by combustion products of aluminum- and magnesium-based reactive materials: effect of exposure time." 52, no. 5 (2018) Dreizin EL et al. "Inactivation of aerosolized surrogates of Bacillus anthracis spores by combustion products of aluminum- and magnesium-based reactive materials: effect of exposure time." vol. 52, no. 5, 2018 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Dreizin EL AU - Grinshpun SA AU - Indugula R AU - Nakpan W AU - Reponen T AU - Schoenitz M AU - Wang S AU - Yermakov M AB - Targeting bioweapon facilities may release biothreat agents into the atmosphere. Bacterial spores such as Bacillus anthracis (Ba) escaping from direct exposure to the fireball potentially represent a high health risk. To mitigate it, reactive materials with biocidal properties are being developed. Aluminum-based iodine-containing compositions (e.g., Al·I2 and Al·B·I2) have been shown to inactivate aerosolized simulants of Ba effectively, i.e., by factors exceeding 104 when the spores are exposed to their combustion products over a short time (approx. 0.33 s). This follow-up study aimed at establishing an association between the spore inactivation caused by exposure to combustion products of different materials and the exposure time. Powders of Al, Al·I2, Al·B·I2, Mg, Mg·S, and Mg·B·I2 were combusted, and viable aerosolized endospores of B. thuringiensis var kurstaki (a well-established Ba simulant) were exposed to the released products for relatively short time periods: from approx. 0.1 to approx. 2 s. The tests were performed at two temperatures in the exposure chamber: approx. 170 degrees C and approx. 260 degrees C; both temperatures are lower than required for quick thermal inactivation of the spores. The higher temperature and exposure times above 0.33 s generated distinctively higher inactivation levels (as high as approx. 105) for iodine-containing materials. We also observed inactivation levels of up to approx. 103 at very short exposure times, 0.12s, in the presence of condensing MgO. However, the effect of MgO at longer exposure times became negligible. The biocidal effect of sulfur oxides was found to be weak. The study findings are crucial for establishing strategies and developing reaction models that target specific bioagent inactivation levels. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249319 IS - 5 KW - Aerosols KW - Bacteria KW - Dust KW - Occupational Health KW - Risk Assessment KW - Safety KW - Temperature KW - Aerosol sampling; Aerosols; Bacteria; Bacterial dusts; Bioterrorism; Combustion; Biocides; Risk management; Thermal effects KW - Aerosols KW - Bacteria KW - Dust KW - Occupational Health KW - Risk Assessment KW - Safety KW - Temperature LA - eng PY - 2018/05/01 TI - Inactivation of aerosolized surrogates of Bacillus anthracis spores by combustion products of aluminum- and magnesium-based reactive materials: effect of exposure time. VL - 52 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249319 ER -
t(14;18) Translocations in Dioxin-Exposed Workers [2022]

Baccarelli AA ;

Bartell S

2022/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Objective: To determine if occupational exposure to dioxins is associated with an increased frequency of t(14;18) translocations. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of serum dioxin levels and t(14;18) frequencies in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 218 former chemical plant workers and 150 population controls. Results: The workers had signifi ...

12/01/2025

Title : t(14;18) Translocations in Dioxin-Exposed Workers [2022] Personal Author(s) : Baccarelli AA;Bartell S;Dardynskaia I;Dardynskiy O;Hirt C;Hryhorczuk D;Ruestow P;Steenland, Kyle;Turner W;Zvinchuk O; Published Date : 2022/04/01 Pages in Document : 331-339 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249318 Baccarelli AA et al. (2022). t(14;18) Translocations in Dioxin-Exposed Workers [2022]. 64(4). Baccarelli AA et al. "t(14;18) Translocations in Dioxin-Exposed Workers [2022]" 64, no. 4 (2022) Baccarelli AA et al. "t(14;18) Translocations in Dioxin-Exposed Workers [2022]" vol. 64, no. 4, 2022 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Baccarelli AA AU - Bartell S AU - Dardynskaia I AU - Dardynskiy O AU - Hirt C AU - Hryhorczuk D AU - Ruestow P AU - Steenland, Kyle AU - Turner W AU - Zvinchuk O AB - Objective: To determine if occupational exposure to dioxins is associated with an increased frequency of t(14;18) translocations. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of serum dioxin levels and t(14;18) frequencies in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 218 former chemical plant workers and 150 population controls. Results: The workers had significantly higher geometric mean serum levels of 2,3,7,8-TCDD (26.2 vs 2.5 ppt) and TEQ (73.8 vs 17.7 ppt) than controls. There were no significant differences in the prevalence or frequency of t(14;18) translocations in the workers compared to controls. Among former workers with current or past chloracne who were t(14;18) positive, the frequency of translocations significantly increased with quartiles of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and TEQ. Conclusion: Chloracne appears to modulate the association between dioxin exposure and increased frequency of t(14;18) translocations. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249318 IS - 4 KW - Blood KW - Dioxins KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Genetics KW - Manufacturing and Industrial Facilities KW - Neoplasms KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Risk Assessment KW - Risk Factors KW - Safety KW - Skin Diseases KW - Occupational exposure; Dioxins; Lymphatic cancer; Chemical industry workers; Gene expression; Genes; Gene regulation; Cell signaling; Workers; Blood cells; Chemicals; Chemical industry workers; TCDD; Dioxin; 2,3,7,8-Tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin; Exposure levels; Risk factors; KW - Author Keywords: chloracne; dioxin; t(14;18) translocations KW - Blood KW - Dioxins KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Genetics KW - Manufacturing and Industrial Facilities KW - Neoplasms KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Health KW - Risk Assessment KW - Risk Factors KW - Safety KW - Skin Diseases LA - eng PY - 2022/04/01 TI - t(14;18) Translocations in Dioxin-Exposed Workers [2022] VL - 64 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249318 ER -
Scale-out of a Total Worker Health® approach for designing interventions to reduce teacher stress: pilot implementation evaluation.

Cavallari JM ;

Dugan AG

2022/04/23 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Background: Teachers have high rates of daily stress and the majority of available interventions are focused at the teacher-level. Yet, best practices in Total Worker Health® approaches indicate organization-level interventions identifed using a participatory approach are most effective. We conducted an exploratory scale-out pilot study to examine ...

12/01/2025

Title : Scale-out of a Total Worker Health® approach for designing interventions to reduce teacher stress: pilot implementation evaluation. Personal Author(s) : Cavallari JM;Dugan AG;Gammie L;Pierce AM;Sanetti LMH; Published Date : 2022/04/23 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249317 Cavallari JM et al. (2022). Scale-out of a Total Worker Health® approach for designing interventions to reduce teacher stress: pilot implementation evaluation.. 22 Cavallari JM et al. "Scale-out of a Total Worker Health® approach for designing interventions to reduce teacher stress: pilot implementation evaluation." 22 (2022) Cavallari JM et al. "Scale-out of a Total Worker Health® approach for designing interventions to reduce teacher stress: pilot implementation evaluation." vol. 22, 2022 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Cavallari JM AU - Dugan AG AU - Gammie L AU - Pierce AM AU - Sanetti LMH AB - Background: Teachers have high rates of daily stress and the majority of available interventions are focused at the teacher-level. Yet, best practices in Total Worker Health® approaches indicate organization-level interventions identifed using a participatory approach are most effective. We conducted an exploratory scale-out pilot study to examine the adoption of the Healthy Workplace Participatory Program (HWPP), an evidence-based, Total Worker Health approach to engage employees (e.g., teachers) and supervisory personnel (e.g., administrators) in the design and implementation of workplace well-being interventions within two elementary schools. Methods: We evaluated the program both quantitatively and qualitatively collecting implementation outcome data (i.e., fdelity, acceptability, understanding, feasibility, system alignment) as well as data-driven adaptations using the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifcations-Expanded. Data from the frst school informed scale-out adaptation of the HWPP intervention, HWPP-Education, within the second school. We compared implementation outcomes between Pilot Schools 1 and 2 to evaluate improvements in the adapted HWPP. Results: Adaptations to HWPP program content and process were suggested to increase feasibility and contextual fit. Acceptability, understanding, and feasibility ratings showed statistically signifcant improvements comparing School 1 to School 2 which implemented the improved HWPP-Education. Furthermore, users reported adaptations including shorter meeting design and faster process were feasible within their work context. Conclusion: This pilot study is the frst attempt to scale out the HWPP to educators, and while not intended to confirm efficacy, it showed promising results for scale-out. Results from Pilot Schools 1 and 2 suggest systematic use of quantitative and qualitative implementation data can efectively inform scale-out eforts that increase critical out-comes such as fdelity, acceptability, understanding, feasibility, system alignment, and leader engagement as well as decrease the extent of system resources needed. As such, this scale-out process may be a feasible approach on which to base large-scale implementation efforts of the HWPP among educators. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249317 KW - Education KW - Health Promotion KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Stress, Psychological KW - Total Worker Health; TWH; Education; Supervisory personnel; Administration; Teaching; Job stress; Intervention effectiveness; Health promotion; Work organization; KW - Author Keywords: Teacher well-being; Fidelity; Scale-out; Total Worker Health KW - Education KW - Health Promotion KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Stress, Psychological LA - eng PY - 2022/04/23 TI - Scale-out of a Total Worker Health® approach for designing interventions to reduce teacher stress: pilot implementation evaluation. VL - 22 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249317 ER -
The effect of the body wake and operator motion on the containment of nanometer-scale airborne substances using a conventional fume hood and specially designed enclosing hood: a comparison using computational fluid dynamics.

Bennett JS ;

Dandy DS

2022/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Airborne substances in the nanoparticle size range would mostly follow the primary airflow patterns, which emphasizes the importance of understanding the airflow dynamics to effectively control exposures to toxic airborne substances such as nanometer-sized particles. Chemical fume hoods are being utilized as primary controls for worker exposure to ...

12/01/2025

Title : The effect of the body wake and operator motion on the containment of nanometer-scale airborne substances using a conventional fume hood and specially designed enclosing hood: a comparison using computational fluid dynamics. Personal Author(s) : Bennett JS;Dandy DS;Dunn, Kevin H.;Ellenbecker, Michael J.;Shen C;Tsai CS-J;Woskie SR; Published Date : 2022/04/01 Pages in Document : 79 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249316 Bennett JS et al. (2022). The effect of the body wake and operator motion on the containment of nanometer-scale airborne substances using a conventional fume hood and specially designed enclosing hood: a comparison using computational fluid dynamics.. 24(4). Bennett JS et al. "The effect of the body wake and operator motion on the containment of nanometer-scale airborne substances using a conventional fume hood and specially designed enclosing hood: a comparison using computational fluid dynamics." 24, no. 4 (2022) Bennett JS et al. "The effect of the body wake and operator motion on the containment of nanometer-scale airborne substances using a conventional fume hood and specially designed enclosing hood: a comparison using computational fluid dynamics." vol. 24, no. 4, 2022 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Bennett JS AU - Dandy DS AU - Dunn, Kevin H. AU - Ellenbecker, Michael J. AU - Shen C AU - Tsai CS-J AU - Woskie SR AB - Airborne substances in the nanoparticle size range would mostly follow the primary airflow patterns, which emphasizes the importance of understanding the airflow dynamics to effectively control exposures to toxic airborne substances such as nanometer-sized particles. Chemical fume hoods are being utilized as primary controls for worker exposure to airborne substances including nanometer-scale materials due to their overall availability and history of effective contaminant. This study evaluates the impact of the body wake on the containment performance of a conventional constant air volume (CAV) and a new "nano" ventilated enclosing hood using numerical methods. Numerical studies have been performed to predict leaks of nanomaterials handled inside the hood. We further performed experiments in this study to validate the velocity fields predicted by the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models and to provide a basis for evaluating the impact of the human body on fume hood containment performance. Using these validated models, the effects of the motion of the arms moving out of the hood were simulated using CFD to assess how one of the common actions of an operator/user may affect containment. Results of our simulations show that areas near the hood side airfoils and directly behind the sash are more likely to concentrate contaminants released inside the hood and potentially result in leakage based on internal airflow patterns. These areas are key to monitor when assessing fume hood containment along with the operator/mannequin breathing zone to get an understanding of potential leak areas which might contribute to operator exposure as well as exposure to others inside the laboratory. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249316 IS - 4 KW - Air Movements KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - Laboratories KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Nanoparticles; Air contaminants; Air flow; Particle aerodynamics; Fume hoods; Laboratory equipment; Exhaust hoods; Breathing zone; Exposure assessment; KW - Author Keywords: Nanoparticle; Fume hood; Containment; CFD KW - Air Movements KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - Laboratories KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2022/04/01 TI - The effect of the body wake and operator motion on the containment of nanometer-scale airborne substances using a conventional fume hood and specially designed enclosing hood: a comparison using computational fluid dynamics. VL - 24 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249316 ER -
Introduction to the special issue of new methods in work and organisational health psychology.

Chang C-H ;

Lim VKG

2016/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

With its applied focus on employee and organisational well-being, work and organisational health psychology (WOHP) has progressively been established as a discipline (e.g. Tetrick & Quick, 2011). The field of WOHP has shifted over the decades, from one that is mainly focused on averting sickness and injuries to one that promotes human flourishing a ...

12/01/2025

Title : Introduction to the special issue of new methods in work and organisational health psychology. Personal Author(s) : Chang C-H;Lim VKG;Yang L-Q; Published Date : 2016/04/01 Pages in Document : 185-189 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249315 Chang C-H et al. (2016). Introduction to the special issue of new methods in work and organisational health psychology.. 65(2). Chang C-H and Lim VKG and Yang L-Q "Introduction to the special issue of new methods in work and organisational health psychology." 65, no. 2 (2016) Chang C-H et al. "Introduction to the special issue of new methods in work and organisational health psychology." vol. 65, no. 2, 2016 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Chang C-H AU - Lim VKG AU - Yang L-Q AB - With its applied focus on employee and organisational well-being, work and organisational health psychology (WOHP) has progressively been established as a discipline (e.g. Tetrick & Quick, 2011). The field of WOHP has shifted over the decades, from one that is mainly focused on averting sickness and injuries to one that promotes human flourishing and organisational well-being (Peiro & Tetrick, 2011). WOHP scholars contribute to the field of psychology by examining ways to understand, protect, and promote the safety, health, and overall well-being of workers and, consequently, bring about positive outcomes for the organisations. WOHP scholars are uniquely positioned at the intersection of theory and practice. The communitys passion and enthusiasm regarding various issues on employee well-being and organisational functioning have sparked numerous efforts at literature reviews and meta-analytic works published in top journals (e.g. Allen, Golden, & Shockley, 2015; Hershcovis et al., 2007; Ng & Feldman, 2012; Nohe, Meier, Sonntag, & Michel, 2015; Yang, Caughlin, Gazica, Truxillo, & Spector, 2014). These works have developed several frameworks for guiding research on WOHP and this special issue does not intend to repeat the suggestions made previously. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249315 IS - 2 KW - Health Promotion KW - Mental Health KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Workplace KW - Worker safety; Worker motivation; Worker health; Work environment; Psychology; Psychological effects; Safety programs; Health programs KW - Health Promotion KW - Mental Health KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Workplace LA - eng PY - 2016/04/01 TI - Introduction to the special issue of new methods in work and organisational health psychology. VL - 65 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249315 ER -
The effect of positive work reflection during leisure time on affective well-being: results from three diary studies.

Cho E ;

Dumani S

2016/02/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Previous research showed that psychological detachment from work during leisure time is beneficial and that reflecting on negative aspects of work is detrimental for employees' well-being. However, little is known about the role of positive reflection about work during leisure time. In the present research, we examined the effects of positive work ...

12/01/2025

Title : The effect of positive work reflection during leisure time on affective well-being: results from three diary studies. Personal Author(s) : Cho E;Dumani S;Meier LL; Published Date : 2016/02/01 Pages in Document : 255-278 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249314 Cho E et al. (2016). The effect of positive work reflection during leisure time on affective well-being: results from three diary studies.. 37(2). Cho E and Dumani S and Meier LL "The effect of positive work reflection during leisure time on affective well-being: results from three diary studies." 37, no. 2 (2016) Cho E et al. "The effect of positive work reflection during leisure time on affective well-being: results from three diary studies." vol. 37, no. 2, 2016 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Cho E AU - Dumani S AU - Meier LL AB - Previous research showed that psychological detachment from work during leisure time is beneficial and that reflecting on negative aspects of work is detrimental for employees' well-being. However, little is known about the role of positive reflection about work during leisure time. In the present research, we examined the effects of positive work reflection on affective well-being. Additionally, we tested the effectiveness of an intervention to increase positive work reflection and to improve well-being with a randomized controlled field experiment. Findings from three diary studies showed that positive work reflection was related to an increase in affective well-being with regard to both positive and negative moods. The results further indicated that the benefits of positive work reflection were incremental to that of psychological detachment and the absence of negative work reflection. Contrary to our expectation, no evidence was found for the effectiveness of the intervention. Theoretical implications of main findings as well as supplementary findings are further discussed. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249314 IS - 2 KW - Mental Health KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Workplace KW - Psychology; Psychological effects; Workers; Work environment; Worker health; Intervention; KW - Author Keywords: work reflection; psychological detachment; well-being; diary study; intervention KW - Mental Health KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Workplace LA - eng PY - 2016/02/01 TI - The effect of positive work reflection during leisure time on affective well-being: results from three diary studies. VL - 37 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249314 ER -
Exposure to the World Trade Center disaster and test performance among New York City public school students over time, 1998-2003.

Alper H ;

Brackbill R

2022/12/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Background. The World Trade Center (WTC) disaster exposed children to environmental toxins and emotional traumas. WTC exposure health effects have been well-documented; impacts on education outcomes, which have been associated with health over the life course, have not. We examined the WTC disaster's impact on math and English language arts (ELA) e ...

12/01/2025

Title : Exposure to the World Trade Center disaster and test performance among New York City public school students over time, 1998-2003. Personal Author(s) : Alper H;Brackbill R;Casey JA;Farfel M;Giesinger I;Goin DE;Locke S;Takemoto E; Published Date : 2022/12/01 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249313 Alper H et al. (2022). Exposure to the World Trade Center disaster and test performance among New York City public school students over time, 1998-2003.. 2 Alper H et al. "Exposure to the World Trade Center disaster and test performance among New York City public school students over time, 1998-2003." 2 (2022) Alper H et al. "Exposure to the World Trade Center disaster and test performance among New York City public school students over time, 1998-2003." vol. 2, 2022 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Alper H AU - Brackbill R AU - Casey JA AU - Farfel M AU - Giesinger I AU - Goin DE AU - Locke S AU - Takemoto E AB - Background. The World Trade Center (WTC) disaster exposed children to environmental toxins and emotional traumas. WTC exposure health effects have been well-documented; impacts on education outcomes, which have been associated with health over the life course, have not. We examined the WTC disaster's impact on math and English language arts (ELA) exams among New York City (NYC) public school students. Methods. Student-level data for 3rd graders in 1998-99 were obtained for five consecutive school years, three pre-9/11 and two post-9/11 from the NYC Department of Education. Piecewise linear mixed models with two slopes representing two time periods - pre-and post-9/11 - were used to examine the WTC impact on exam scores among 393 students in exposed Ground Zero area schools (WTC site: 0-1.5 miles) versus 39,047 students in unexposed NYC schools (WTC site: >6 miles). Results. On math exams, students in Ground Zero area schools were improving their scores in both the pre-9/11 period and post-9/11 period - with a slightly greater magnitude of improvement post-9/11 (change in slope post-9/11 from pre-9/11: 0.5, 95% CI: -3.1, 5.2). Students in unexposed schools experienced a slight decrease in the rate of improvement on math scores in the post-9/11 period (change in slope post-9/11 from pre-9/11: -0.6, 95% CI: -1.2, -0.0). On ELA exams, both students in Ground zero area schools and unexposed schools were positively increasing their test scores in both the pre-9/11 and post-9/11 period; both groups experienced a faster rate of improvement in the post-9/11 period (change in slope post-9/11 from pre-9/11 [95% CI]: Ground zero: 1.2 [-2-2, 4.5], unexposed: 3.0 [2.6, 3.4]. Conclusions. Compared to the pre-9/11 time-period, students in Ground Zero area schools experienced modest improvements in test scores in the post-9/11 time-period. Futures studies should evaluate long-term impacts on education, as outcomes may differ compared to the short-term effects. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249313 KW - Education KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Mental Health KW - Nervous System KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - September 11 Terrorist Attacks KW - World Trade Center; WTC; Children; Mental health; Emotional stress; Education; Environmental exposure; Disaster sites; Disaster recovery; KW - Author Keywords: Disaster exposure; education; natural experiment; September 11 terrorist attacks; students KW - Education KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Mental Health KW - Nervous System KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - September 11 Terrorist Attacks LA - eng PY - 2022/12/01 TI - Exposure to the World Trade Center disaster and test performance among New York City public school students over time, 1998-2003. VL - 2 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249313 ER -
Rapid, in situ plasma functionalization of carbon nanotubes for improved CNT/epoxy composites.

Alvarez NT ;

Gbordzoe S

2016/11/10 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Improved CNT/epoxy composites composed of dry-drawn, aligned and functionalized CNTs were fabricated. Dry-drawn multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNTs) were functionalized by atmospheric pressure He/O2 based plasma during the manufacturing of the CNT sheets and epoxy resin dissolved in solvent was sprayed during the manufacturing. The extent of CNT fu ...

12/01/2025

Title : Rapid, in situ plasma functionalization of carbon nanotubes for improved CNT/epoxy composites. Personal Author(s) : Alvarez NT;Gbordzoe S;Haase M;Malik R;McConnell C;Shanov V; Published Date : 2016/11/10 URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249312 Alvarez NT et al. (2016). Rapid, in situ plasma functionalization of carbon nanotubes for improved CNT/epoxy composites.. 6(110). Alvarez NT et al. "Rapid, in situ plasma functionalization of carbon nanotubes for improved CNT/epoxy composites." 6, no. 110 (2016) Alvarez NT et al. "Rapid, in situ plasma functionalization of carbon nanotubes for improved CNT/epoxy composites." vol. 6, no. 110, 2016 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Journal Article AU - Alvarez NT AU - Gbordzoe S AU - Haase M AU - Malik R AU - McConnell C AU - Shanov V AB - Improved CNT/epoxy composites composed of dry-drawn, aligned and functionalized CNTs were fabricated. Dry-drawn multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNTs) were functionalized by atmospheric pressure He/O2 based plasma during the manufacturing of the CNT sheets and epoxy resin dissolved in solvent was sprayed during the manufacturing. The extent of CNT functionalization was controlled by adjusting the plasma power and flow rate of oxygen. Functionalized CNTs were characterized by Raman, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle testing. The % wt CNT content in the composites was controlled by adjusting the concentration of epoxy in the solution used for spraying. CNTs functionalized by 100 W plasma and 63% wt CNT content produced the best composites demonstrating 43% improvement in tensile strength and 78% improvement in modulus over composites made with pristine CNTs. High % wt CNT content in the composites allow for the creation of strong, light-weight composites demonstrating specific strength as high as 918 MPa g-1 cm-3, a 55% and 50% improvement over pristine CNT sheet and CNT/epoxy composite made with pristine CNTs, respectively. [Description provided by NIOSH] AN - cdc:249312 IS - 110 KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety KW - Nanocomposites; MWCNT; Multi-walled carbon nanotubes; Nanomaterials; Epoxy resins; Materials testing; Mechanical properties KW - Occupational Health KW - Safety LA - eng PY - 2016/11/10 TI - Rapid, in situ plasma functionalization of carbon nanotubes for improved CNT/epoxy composites. VL - 6 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/249312 ER -

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