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Showing 44201 - 44220 of 82803 results
  • A prospective study of computer users I Study design and incidence of musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders
    A prospective study of computer users: I. Study design and incidence of musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders
    Cohen S ;
    Edwards A
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    BACKGROUND: A prospective study of computer users was performed to determine the occurrence of and evaluate risk factors for neck or shoulder (N/S) and hand or arm (H/A) musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) and disorders (MSD). METHODS: Individuals (n = 632) newly hired into jobs requiring > or = 15 hr/week of computer use were followed for up to 3 years ...
  • Mobility Patterns of Migrant Farmworkers in North Carolina Implications for Occupational Health Research and Policy
    Mobility Patterns of Migrant Farmworkers in North Carolina: Implications for Occupational Health Research and Policy
    Arcury TA ;
    Preisser JS
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Occupational health research often relies on longitudinal data to link exposures and health outcomes. Studies of migrant and seasonal farmworker health face special challenges. Farmworkers are difficult to track, and many occupational health outcomes require considerable time to develop. Using data from two longitudinal studies of farmworker health ...
  • Evaluation of Allergen Sensitivity by Skin Prick Testing and Specific IgE in Asthmatic Children and Matched Controls in a Rural Cohort
    Evaluation of Allergen Sensitivity by Skin Prick Testing and Specific IgE in Asthmatic Children and Matched Controls in a Rural Cohort
    Kelly KM ;
    Merchant, James A.
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    The prevalence of childhood asthma has been increasing markedly in both urban and rural populations. We studied 100 rural asthmatic Iowa children and matched controls, ages 13.4+-3.3, in order to establish risk factors for allergy and asthma. In this analysis, we compared skin prick testing (SPT) with allergen-specific IgE (slgE) ELISA to determine ...
  • FACE Facts Falling Vehicles Kill
    FACE Facts: Falling Vehicles Kill
    California. Department of Public Health
    2002/04/01 | Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation Reports (FACE)
    The California Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (FACE) program has been investigating work-related deaths since 1992. The goal of the FACE program is to prevent these deaths by informing workers and managers of worksite hazards and how to avoid them. The two incidents below involve automobile mechanics who died when jack stands moved, cau ...
  • DirectonFilter Analysis of Crystalline Silica Using Photoacoustic Fourier TransformInfared Spectroscopy
    Direct-on-Filter Analysis of Crystalline Silica Using Photoacoustic Fourier Transform-Infared Spectroscopy
    Chen BT ;
    Orr C
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Photoacoustic Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (PA-FT-IR) has been used to perform direct-on-filter (DOF) analysis of crystalline silica using laboratory-generated filter samples. With these samples, the silica particles were embedded in the stable three-dimensional matrix of the filter. In this preliminary study, it was demonstrated that th ...
    Public Domain
  • Film Quality in Chest XRay Screening for Pneumoconiosis
    Film Quality in Chest X-Ray Screening for Pneumoconiosis
    Castellan, Robert M. ;
    Petsonk, Edward L.
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Chest X-ray (CXR) screening can identify workers affected by job exposures, and can help guide preventative interventions. We investigated film quality, a key element in effective screening, for CXRs received from October1, 2000, to September 30, 2001, under the U.S. National Coal workers' X-ray Surveillance Program (CWXSP). The study included 7,01 ...
    Public Domain
  • Endemic Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome in Microwave Popcorn Workers A New Occupational Lung Hazard
    Endemic Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome in Microwave Popcorn Workers: A New Occupational Lung Hazard
    Enright, Paul L. ;
    Fedan, Kathleen B.
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    In followup of a cluster of severe fixed airway obstruction in former workers, we studied current employees and exposures in a microwave popcorn plant. We conducted questionnaire interviews, spirometry, lung diffusing capacity, and chest x-rays. Age- and smoking-adjusted rates were compared to National Health and Nutrition Examination III data. We ...
    Public Domain
  • Test Performance of Electronic Recording Peak Flow Meters
    Test Performance of Electronic Recording Peak Flow Meters
    Reynolds SJ ;
    Stemple, Kimberly J.
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Electronic recording peak flow meters (EPFM) are increasingly being used for ambulatory monitoring of asthma The EPFM's decrease errors associated with manual entry of time and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) data into diaries. However, only limited data documents the performance of these devices in measuring PEFR. Four types of EPFM were evaluate ...
    Public Domain
  • Acute Traumatic Occupational Hand Injuries Type Location and Severity
    Acute Traumatic Occupational Hand Injuries: Type, Location, and Severity
    Eisen EA ;
    Hauser RB
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System reports that the fingers and hand are the most frequent body parts injured at work and treated in hospital emergency departments. In this study, we describe the type, location, and severity of occupational hand injuries among 1166 patients recruited from 23 occupational health clinics in five New E ...
  • A Descriptive Study of WorkAggravated Asthma
    A Descriptive Study of Work-Aggravated Asthma
    Davis, Letitia ;
    Filios, Margaret S.
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Work-related asthma (WRA) is currently the most common lung disease seen in occupational health clinics in the United States. A better understanding of work-aggravated asthma (W AA), as well as work-related new-onset asthma (NOA), is needed to aid in prevention efforts. This study compares W AA and NOA in the United States using cases reported from ...
    Public Domain
  • Rapid genotyping of human ERCC1 exon 4 polymorphism with fluorescence analysis using fluorophorelabeled hybridization probes and a lightcycler
    Rapid genotyping of human ERCC1 exon 4 polymorphism with fluorescence analysis using fluorophore-labeled hybridization probes and a lightcycler
    Bolund L ;
    Grossman L
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Because of their abundance, and because many effectively dichotomize human populations, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are attractive tools for studying gene-phenotype interactions, for instance in commonly occurring diseases. Although our understanding of linkage disequilibrium is still incomplete (Abecasis et al., 2001), it is generally a ...
  • Development of Multiplexed Fluorescence Microbead Covalent Assays FMCAs for Pesticide Biomonitoring
    Development of Multiplexed Fluorescence Microbead Covalent Assays (FMCAs) for Pesticide Biomonitoring
    Biagini, Raymond E. ;
    MacKenzie, Barbara A.
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    In the present work we describe FMCAs for A TR and MM, both in the monoplexed and multiplexed format. Atrazine and its metabolites have been measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. This method has limits of detection ranging from 20 ...
    Public Domain
  • Toward MechanismBased Antioxidant Interventions Lessons from Natural Antioxidants
    Toward Mechanism-Based Antioxidant Interventions: Lessons from Natural Antioxidants
    Kagan VE ;
    Kawai K
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    It is generally accepted that one of the major and important contributions to skin aging, skin disorders, and skin diseases results from reactive oxygen species. More than other tissues, the skin is exposed to numerous environmental chemical and physical agents, such as ultraviolet light, causing oxidative stress. Accelerated cutaneous UV-induced a ...
    Public Domain
  • Revisiting the Geometry of a Ternary Diagram with the HalfTaxi Metric
    Revisiting the Geometry of a Ternary Diagram with the Half-Taxi Metric
    Miller, William E.
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    An alternative definition of distance is presented for observations plotted in a ternary diagram and, more generally, for observations in a compositional data set. This definition, which conforms to the triangular coordinate system of the ternary diagram, is compared to other distance measures, and is shown to be tied to the covariance structure of ...
    Public Domain
  • TimeCourse of Functional and Pathological Changes in Chlorine Exposed AJ Mice
    Time-Course of Functional and Pathological Changes in Chlorine Exposed A/J Mice
    Campbell HR ;
    Martin JG
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Inhalation of irritants such as chlorine (CI,) can lead to the development of irritant induced asthma. Few animal models have been developed to study the effects of CI, on airway) cellular responses and changes in lung function. To investigate in vivo the effects of CI2 on airway inflammation and lung function, NJ mice were exposed to inhaled CI, ( ...
  • JobRelated Risk of Beryllium Disease at a Beryllium Copper Alloy Facility
    Job-Related Risk of Beryllium Disease at a Beryllium Copper Alloy Facility
    Berakis MT ;
    Deubner, David C.
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    We examined the relationship between work processes and sensitization to beryllium and chronic beryllium disease (CBD) at a beryllium copper alloy plant. At the time of the survey 185 persons were employed, and 83% (153) participated. Prevalence of the sensitization with abnormal results from 2 different testing labs was 7% (10/153), and 6 of the s ...
    Public Domain
  • Health Hazard Evaluation Report HETA 9802372872 Mueller Company Chattanooga Tennessee
    Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA #98-0237-2872: Mueller Company, Chattanooga, Tennessee
    Burton, Nancy C. ;
    McCullough, Joel E.
    2002/04/01 | Health Hazard Evaluation Reports (HHE)
    In May 1998, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) received a confidential request for a health hazard evaluation (HHE) at the Mueller Company facility in Chattanooga, Tennessee. The HHE requesters expressed concern over exposures to formaldehyde, phenol, xylene, isocyanates, toluene, naphthalene, carbon monoxide, trimet ...
    Public Domain
  • Health Hazard Evaluation Report HETA 9903212873 US Department of the Interior Grand Canyon National Park Grand Canyon Arizona
    Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA #99-0321-2873: U.S. Department of the Interior, Grand Canyon National Park, Grand Canyon, Arizona
    King, Bradley S. ;
    Krake, Ann M.
    2002/04/01 | Health Hazard Evaluation Reports (HHE)
    The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) received a health hazard evaluation (HHE) request from the management of the Grand Canyon National Park in Arizona. The request indicated that many employees, especially park rangers assigned to the park's inner canyon and wilderness areas, are at high risk for heat stress illness be ...
    Public Domain
  • Time Course of Pulmonary Response of Rats to Inhalation of Crystalline Silica NFKappa B Activation Inflammation Cytokine Production and Damage
    Time Course of Pulmonary Response of Rats to Inhalation of Crystalline Silica: NF-Kappa B Activation, Inflammation, Cytokine Production, and Damage
    Barger M ;
    Castranova, Vincent
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    In vitro studies suggest that silica-induced lung disease may be linked to processes regulated by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, but this has not been examined in vivo. Rats were exposed to a silica aerosol of 15 mg/m(3) (6 h/day, 5 days/wk) for 116 days, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was conducted at various times during the ex ...
    Public Domain
  • Force Deficits by Stretches of Activated Muscles with Constant or Increasing Velocity
    Force Deficits by Stretches of Activated Muscles with Constant or Increasing Velocity
    Stauber WT ;
    Willems MET
    2002/04/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Force deficits produced by constant (CV) versus increasing velocity (IV) stretches of rat plantar flexor muscles at low and high levels of nerve activation were studied. Twenty repeated stretches were imposed on isometric contractions by ankle rotation from 90[degrees] to 40[degrees] at 300[degrees][middle dot]s-1 and at 3000[degrees][middle dot]s- ...
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