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The disease-specific benefits and risks of physical activity and exercise.
  • Published Date:
    1985 Mar-Apr
  • Source:
    Public Health Rep. 100(2):180-188
  • Language:
    English
Filetype[PDF-2.34 MB]


Details:
  • Personal Authors:
  • Keywords:
  • Pubmed ID:
    3920716
  • Pubmed Central ID:
    PMCnull
  • Description:
    Physical inactivity has been related to the occurrence of coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and osteoporosis. The literature was reviewed to determine what is and what is not known about the efficacy and safety of physical activity in each of these conditions. Although there is a transient increase in the risk of sudden cardiac death during vigorous activity, there is mounting evidence that habitual vigorous activity is associated with an overall reduced risk of coronary heart disease. It is unlikely that this association merely reflects the "selection" that results from sick persons who tend to be less active. Several studies suggest that physical activity may be related to the prevention and control of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and osteoporosis. However, additional research is needed to make explicit the risks and benefits of physical activity in each of these conditions. Finally, future efforts should determine the type, intensity, frequency, and duration of activity required to maximize the benefits and minimize the hazards of physical activity. The public health and clinical significance of these questions requires that they be examined in the most rigorous manner feasible.

  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Collection(s):
    Public Health Reports
  • Main Document Checksum:
  • Supporting Files:
    No Additional Files
    1. Health promotion for older Americans.
      Personal Author:
      Heckler, M M
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):225-230
      Description:
      As American lifespans increase, there is greater concern for the quality of those longer lives. The Department of Health and Human Services, through its many component agencies, has inaugurated a major initiative to promote health and fitness among o...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.54 MB]
    2. The promotion of physical activity in the United States population: the status of programs in medical, worksite, community, and school settings.
      Personal Author:
      Iverson, D C; Fielding, J E; Crow, R S; Christenson, G M;
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):212-224
      Description:
      While the medical care encounter is considered an ideal situation in which patients are encouraged to increase their physical activity levels, very little research has been conducted in this setting. In fact, with the exception of the physical activi...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 3.19 MB]
    3. Workshop on Epidemiologic and Public Health Aspects of Physical Activity and Exercise: a summary.
      Personal Author:
      Powell, K E; Paffenbarger, R S;
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):118-126
      Description:
      The Workshop on Epidemiologic and Public Health Aspects of Physical Activity and Exercise was conducted by the Centers for Disease Control on September 24-25, 1984. Fundamental topics were identified prior to the workshop, and experts were invited to...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.28 MB]
    4. Assessment of physical activity in epidemiologic research: problems and prospects.
      Personal Author:
      LaPorte, R E; Montoye, H J; Caspersen, C J;
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):131-146
      Description:
      More than 30 different methods have been used to assess physical activity. These methods can be grouped into seven major categories: calorimetry, job classification, survey procedures, physiological markers, behavioral observation, mechanical and ele...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 3.55 MB]
    5. Relationships between exercise or physical activity and other health behaviors.
      Personal Author:
      Blair, S N; Jacobs, D R; Powell, K E;
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):172-180
      Description:
      Physical activity may indirectly influence health behaviors such as overeating, smoking, substance abuse, stress management, risk taking, and others. Substantial evidence indicates that physical activity is positively associated with weight control a...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.08 MB]
    6. Public Health Rep ; v. 100, no. 2 : table of contents
      Published:
      Mar-Apr 1985
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2)
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 605.39 KB]
    7. Physical activity, behavioral epidemiology, and public health.
      Personal Author:
      Mason, J O; Powell, K E;
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):113-115
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 551.32 KB]
    8. Physical activity research and coronary heart disease.
      Personal Author:
      Friedewald, W T
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):115-117
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 546.80 KB]
    9. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research.
      Personal Author:
      Caspersen, C J; Powell, K E; Christenson, G M;
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):126-131
      Description:
      "Physical activity," "exercise," and "physical fitness" are terms that describe different concepts. However, they are often confused with one another, and the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. This paper proposes definitions to distinguish th...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.12 MB]
    10. A descriptive epidemiology of leisure-time physical activity.
      Personal Author:
      Stephens, T; Jacobs, D R; White, C C;
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):147-158
      Description:
      Eight national surveys conducted in the United States and Canada between 1972 and 1983 are reviewed for evidence of leisure-time physical activity patterns in the population. The authors' major conclusion is that it is difficult to make reliable gene...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 3.61 MB]
    11. The risks of exercise: a public health view of injuries and hazards.
      Personal Author:
      Koplan, Jeffrey P.; Siscovick, David S.; Goldbaum, Gary M.;
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):189-195
      Description:
      Relatively little is known about the incidence of the risks facing those who exercise regularly. Clinical reports suggest a variety of musculoskeletal ailments, and several pathophysiologic conditions may result from the various aerobic activities mo...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.50 MB]
    12. Asthmatic students' program materials
      Personal Author:
      Branyon, Kitty F.
      Published:
      Mar 1985
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):117
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 182.54 KB]
    13. Public Health Rep
      Published:
      Mar-Apr 1985
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 591.98 KB]
    14. Physical activity and exercise to achieve health-related physical fitness components.
      Personal Author:
      Haskell, W L; Montoye, H J; Orenstein, D;
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):202-212
      Description:
      To improve health and fitness effectively through physical activity or exercise, we need to understand how this comes about. For many of these changes, the stimulus has been grossly defined in terms of type, intensity, duration, and frequency of exer...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.71 MB]
    15. The relation of physical activity and exercise to mental health.
      Personal Author:
      Taylor, C B; Sallis, J F; Needle, R;
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):195-202
      Description:
      Mental disorders are of major public health significance. It has been claimed that vigorous physical activity has positive effects on mental health in both clinical and nonclinical populations. This paper reviews the evidence for this claim and provi...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.89 MB]
    16. The determinants of physical activity and exercise.
      Personal Author:
      Dishman, R K; Sallis, J F; Orenstein, D R;
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):158-171
      Description:
      Evaluation and delivery of physical activity and exercise programs appear impeded by the substantial numbers of Americans who are unwilling or unable to participate regularly in physical activity. As a step toward identifying effective interventions,...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 3.44 MB]
    17. Public Health Rep ; v. 100, no. 2 : Masthead
      Published:
      Mar-Apr 1985
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2)
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 4.54 MB]
    18. Effectiveness of measures to prevent unintentional deaths of infants and children from suffocation and strangulation.
      Personal Author:
      Kraus, J F
      Published:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):231-240
      Description:
      Unintentional deaths from suffocation and strangulation account for about 20 percent of all nontransport-related infant and child fatalities in the United States. In the late 1950s, some preventive countermeasures were introduced to reduce the number...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 3.30 MB]
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