Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research.
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Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research.

  • Published Date:

    1985 Mar-Apr

  • Source:
    Public Health Rep. 100(2):126-131
  • Language:
    English
Filetype[PDF-2.12 MB]


Details:
  • Alternative Title:
    Public Health Rep
  • Personal Author:
  • Description:
    "Physical activity," "exercise," and "physical fitness" are terms that describe different concepts. However, they are often confused with one another, and the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. This paper proposes definitions to distinguish them. Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure. The energy expenditure can be measured in kilocalories. Physical activity in daily life can be categorized into occupational, sports, conditioning, household, or other activities. Exercise is a subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive and has as a final or an intermediate objective the improvement or maintenance of physical fitness. Physical fitness is a set of attributes that are either health- or skill-related. The degree to which people have these attributes can be measured with specific tests. These definitions are offered as an interpretational framework for comparing studies that relate physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness to health.
  • Subject:
  • Pubmed ID:
    3920711
  • Pubmed Central ID:
    PMCnull
  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Collection(s):
    Public Health Reports
  • Main Document Checksum:
  • File Type:
  • Supporting Files:
    No Additional Files
    1. Filetype[PDF - 3.19 MB]
      Personal Author:
      Iverson, D C ; Fielding, J E ; ...
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):212-224
      Description:
      While the medical care encounter is considered an ideal situation in which patients are encouraged to increase their physical activity levels, very li...
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      Filetype[PDF - 3.19 MB]
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      Filetype[PDF - 3.19 MB]
    2. Filetype[PDF - 2.28 MB]
      Personal Author:
      Powell, K E ; Paffenbarger, R S ;
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):118-126
      Description:
      The Workshop on Epidemiologic and Public Health Aspects of Physical Activity and Exercise was conducted by the Centers for Disease Control on Septembe...
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      Filetype[PDF - 2.28 MB]
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      Filetype[PDF - 2.28 MB]
    3. Filetype[PDF - 3.55 MB]
      Personal Author:
      LaPorte, R E ; Montoye, H J ; ...
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):131-146
      Description:
      More than 30 different methods have been used to assess physical activity. These methods can be grouped into seven major categories: calorimetry, job ...
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      Filetype[PDF - 3.55 MB]
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      Filetype[PDF - 3.55 MB]
    4. Filetype[PDF - 2.08 MB]
      Personal Author:
      Blair, S N ; Jacobs, D R ; ...
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):172-180
      Description:
      Physical activity may indirectly influence health behaviors such as overeating, smoking, substance abuse, stress management, risk taking, and others. ...
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      Filetype[PDF - 2.08 MB]
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    5. Filetype[PDF - 605.39 KB]
      Published Date:
      Mar-Apr 1985
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2)
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 605.39 KB]
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      Filetype[PDF - 605.39 KB]
    6. Filetype[PDF - 551.32 KB]
      Personal Author:
      Mason, J O ; Powell, K E ;
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):113-115
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 551.32 KB]
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      Filetype[PDF - 551.32 KB]
    7. Filetype[PDF - 546.80 KB]
      Personal Author:
      Friedewald, W T
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):115-117
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 546.80 KB]
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      Filetype[PDF - 546.80 KB]
    8. Filetype[PDF - 182.54 KB]
      Personal Author:
      Branyon, Kitty F.
      Published Date:
      Mar 1985
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):117
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 182.54 KB]
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      Filetype[PDF - 182.54 KB]
    9. Filetype[PDF - 2.71 MB]
      Personal Author:
      Haskell, W L ; Montoye, H J ; ...
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):202-212
      Description:
      To improve health and fitness effectively through physical activity or exercise, we need to understand how this comes about. For many of these changes...
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      Filetype[PDF - 2.71 MB]
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      Filetype[PDF - 2.71 MB]
    10. Filetype[PDF - 2.34 MB]
      Personal Author:
      Siscovick, D S ; LaPorte, R E ; ...
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):180-188
      Description:
      Physical inactivity has been related to the occurrence of coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and osteoporosis. The literature wa...
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      Filetype[PDF - 2.34 MB]
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      Filetype[PDF - 2.34 MB]
    11. Filetype[PDF - 1.89 MB]
      Personal Author:
      Taylor, C B ; Sallis, J F ; ...
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):195-202
      Description:
      Mental disorders are of major public health significance. It has been claimed that vigorous physical activity has positive effects on mental health in...
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      Filetype[PDF - 1.89 MB]
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      Filetype[PDF - 1.89 MB]
    12. Filetype[PDF - 3.44 MB]
      Personal Author:
      Dishman, R K ; Sallis, J F ; ...
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):158-171
      Description:
      Evaluation and delivery of physical activity and exercise programs appear impeded by the substantial numbers of Americans who are unwilling or unable ...
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      Filetype[PDF - 3.44 MB]
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    13. Filetype[PDF - 4.54 MB]
      Published Date:
      Mar-Apr 1985
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2)
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 4.54 MB]
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    14. Filetype[PDF - 1.50 MB]
      Personal Author:
      Koplan, Jeffrey P. ; Siscovick, David S. ; ...
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):189-195
      Description:
      Relatively little is known about the incidence of the risks facing those who exercise regularly. Clinical reports suggest a variety of musculoskeletal...
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      Filetype[PDF - 1.50 MB]
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    15. Filetype[PDF - 1.54 MB]
      Personal Author:
      Heckler, M M
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):225-230
      Description:
      As American lifespans increase, there is greater concern for the quality of those longer lives. The Department of Health and Human Services, through i...
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      Filetype[PDF - 1.54 MB]
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    16. Filetype[PDF - 3.61 MB]
      Personal Author:
      Stephens, T ; Jacobs, D R ; ...
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):147-158
      Description:
      Eight national surveys conducted in the United States and Canada between 1972 and 1983 are reviewed for evidence of leisure-time physical activity pat...
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      Filetype[PDF - 3.61 MB]
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      Filetype[PDF - 3.61 MB]
    17. Filetype[PDF - 591.98 KB]
      Published Date:
      Mar-Apr 1985
      Source:
      Public Health Rep 100 (2)
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 591.98 KB]
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      Filetype[PDF - 591.98 KB]
    18. Filetype[PDF - 3.30 MB]
      Personal Author:
      Kraus, J F
      Published Date:
      1985 Mar-Apr
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 100(2):231-240
      Description:
      Unintentional deaths from suffocation and strangulation account for about 20 percent of all nontransport-related infant and child fatalities in the Un...
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      Filetype[PDF - 3.30 MB]
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      Filetype[PDF - 3.30 MB]

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