As the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic among drug users enters its third decade in the United States, it is important to consider the role playing by substance abuse treatment in the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.|The authors review the research literature, examining findings from studies with behavioral and serologic measures on the association among treatment participation, HIV risk reduction, and HIV infection.|Numerous studies have now documented that significantly lower rates of drug use and related risk behaviors are practiced by injecting drug users (IDUs) who are in treatment. Importantly, these behavioral differences, based primarily on self-report, are consistent with studies that have examined HIV seroprevalence and seroincidence among drug users.|The underlying mechanism of action suggested by the collective findings of the available literature is rather simple-- individuals who enter and remain in treatment reduce their drug use, when leads to fewer instances of drug-related risk behavior. This lower rate of exposure results in fewer infections with HIV. The protective effects of treatment, however, can only be achieved when programs are accessible and responsive to the changing needs of drug users. Future research needs to be directed at developing a better understanding of the factors that enhance treatment entry and retention.
The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), in collaboration with the Office of AIDS Research of the National Institutes of Health, invited national and international researchers to the "Research Synthesis Symposium on the Prevention of HIV in Drug ...
Cottler, L B; Compton, W M; Ben Abdallah, A; Cunningham-Williams, R; Abram, F; Fichtenbaum, C; Dotson, W;
Published Date:
Jun 1998
Source:
Public Health Rep. 113(Suppl 1):31-41
Description:
The purpose of this chapter is to describe the results of a randomized study (funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse [NIDA]) comparing a peer-delivered enhanced intervention to the NIDA standard intervention for reducing human immunodeficienc...
This chapter attempts to describe the factors influencing the transmission of syringe-born viruses, to review the effects of syringe exchange programs (SEPs) in terms of these factors, and to explore the gamut of health-promoting activities of SEPs.|...
Guided by a social influence and empowerment framework, peer leaders in the injecting drug user (IDU) community were trained to promote human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention among their contacts within and beyond their sex and drug networks.|...
Although lowering incidence rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission is the primary goal of needle exchange programs (NEPs), other desirable outcomes are possible. Referring exchange participants to more comprehensive drug abuse treat...
Our first objective was to develop an index of satellite exchange and then determine whether satellite exchangers (SEs) differed demographically or behaviorally from other injecting drug users (IDUs). Our second objective was to determine the degree ...
Shriver, M; de Burger, R; Brown, C; Simpson, H L; Meyerson, B;
Published Date:
Jun 1998
Source:
Public Health Rep. 113(Suppl 1):189-193
Description:
Five policy advocates and practitioners provide recommendations to researchers to make research data more usable, accessible, and applicable for the field of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention among injecting and other drug users. Translat...
Injecting drug users (IDUs) are at high risk for infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other blood-borne pathogens. In the United States, IDUs account for nearly one-third of the cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), eithe...
Singer, M; Baer, H A; Scott, G; Horowitz, S; Weinstein, B;
Published Date:
Jun 1998
Source:
Public Health Rep. 113(Suppl 1):81-89
Description:
To break the link between drug use and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), in 1992 the state of Connecticut rescinded a 14-year ban on pharmacy sales of syringes without a physician's prescription. In 1993, the Center for Disease Control and Prev...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection associated with injecting drug use has been reported in at least 98 countries and territories worldwide. There is evidence that new epidemics are emerging in different regions, including Eastern Europe, La...
Over the past decade, a body of observational research has accrued about the effects of outreach-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) interventions for drug users. The authors reviewed the findings related to postintervention behavior changes and...
This analysis describes the Outreach-Assisted Model of Partner Notification, an innovative strategy for encouraging seropositive injecting drug users (IDUs) to inform their partners of shared human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposure. The analysis ...
Booth, R E; Kwiatkowski, C; Iguchi, M Y; Pinto, F; John, D;
Published Date:
Jun 1998
Source:
Public Health Rep. 113(Suppl 1):116-128
Description:
High risk injection practices are common among injecting drug users (IDUs), even following intervention efforts. Moreover, relapse to risk behaviors has been reported among those who initiate risk reduction. Substance abuse treatment offers the poten...
Broadhead, R S; Heckathorn, D D; Weakliem, D L; Anthony, D L; Madray, H; Mills, R J; Hughes, J;
Published Date:
Jun 1998
Source:
Public Health Rep. 113(Suppl 1):42-57
Description:
Since 1985, community outreach efforts to combat acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among injecting drug users (IDUs) in the United States have overwhelmingly depended on a provider-client model that relies on staffs of professional outreach w...
After more than 10 years of experience conducting behavioral changes interventions and with accumulated research results, several emergent principle have been identified for the effective prevention of HIV-transmission among drug abusers. In August 1...
To review human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk reduction interventions among injecting drug users (IDUs) that have adopted a network approach.|The design and outcomes of selected network-based interventions among IDUs are reviewed using the networ...
Academy for Educational Development. National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.), Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention..
Published Date:
December 2000
Description:
NPIN 25665: This monograph provides a comprehensive approach to addressing the injection drug user's (IDU's) role in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic and recommends strategies for community gro...
Research programs of the National Institute on Drug Abuse take a broad approach to investigating the problems of intervention in intravenous drug use and its relation to the AIDS epidemic. Current prevention strategies are directed to reducing the ra...
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.). Academy for Educational Development. Center on AIDS & Community Health..
Published Date:
April 2005
Series:
IDU/HIV prevention
Description:
This is the story of a 6-year project to improve HIV prevention among injection drug users (IDUs), a high-risk and stigmatized group in the United States.In recent years, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has worked on a variety of...