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The pathology of AIDS.
  • Published Date:
    1988 May-Jun
  • Source:
    Public Health Rep. 103(3):246-254
  • Language:
    English
Filetype[PDF-2.01 MB]


Details:
  • Personal Authors:
    Macher, A M
  • Keywords:
  • Pubmed ID:
    2836878
  • Pubmed Central ID:
    PMCnull
  • Description:
    The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a devastating new disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This retrovirus causes profound immunoincompetence in its infected hosts, who are thereafter susceptible to develop myriad severe and relapsing protozoal, fungal, bacterial, viral, and arthropodal opportunistic infections, as well as unusual malignancies. The more than 50,000 patients who have developed AIDS in the United States have produced a sudden unexpected deluge of diagnostic dilemmas that are stressing laboratories of pathology everywhere. This paper describes the gross and microscopic pathology of the numerous complications in patients infected by HIV: (a) the prodromal AIDS-related complex with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy, (b) lymphoid infiltration of salivary gland and lung, including the complex of lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis-pulmonary lymphoid hyperplasia, (c) extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, (d) multifocal mucocutaneous and visceral Kaposi's sarcoma, (e) small cell undifferentiated (oat cell) carcinomas, (f) protozoal infections caused by Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, Acanthamoeba, Cryptosporidium species (sp.), and Isospora belli, (g) the causes of chronic enteritis, (h) mycotic infections caused by Candida sp., Cryptococcus neoformans, Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitis, and Sporothrix schenckii, (i) bacterial infections caused by Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare, M. tuberculosis, M. kansasii, Nocardia sp., Listeria monocytogenes, Legionella sp., Treponema pallidum, and others, (j) viral infections caused by cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex and zoster, polyomavirus (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy), hepatitis B, molluscum contagiosum, and papillomavirus, (k) oral hairy leukoplakia, (l) subacute encephalopathy, and (m) Norwegian scabies.

  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Collection(s):
    Public Health Reports
  • Main Document Checksum:
  • Supporting Files:
    No Additional Files
    1. The development of an AIDS vaccine: progress and promise.
      Personal Author:
      Fauci, A S; Fischinger, P J;
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):230-236
      Description:
      The development of a safe and effective vaccine against infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is of paramount importance to the prevention of AIDS worldwide. Although a great deal has been learned about HIV in a few short years, the dev...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.16 MB]
    2. Progress in drug therapies for HIV infection.
      Personal Author:
      Broder, S; Fauci, A S;
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):224-229
      Description:
      The discovery of effective therapies for HIV requires a fundamental knowledge of retroviral infections. Research by the Public Health Service and collaborating organizations on oncogenic viruses, including retroviruses, has provided much of the basic...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 973.22 KB]
    3. The effects of the AIDS epidemic on the safety of the nation's blood supply.
      Personal Author:
      Petricciani, J C; Epstein, J S;
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):236-241
      Description:
      Present safeguards for the blood supply consist of three tiers of protection: donor deferral based on a donor's history of risk factors, confidential exclusion of blood units from donors with self-admitted risk factors, and testing of the blood itsel...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.54 MB]
    4. The role of the FDA in the effort against AIDS.
      Personal Author:
      Young, F E
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):242-245
      Description:
      The Food and Drug Administration has instituted several pro-active measures to expedite the review of treatments, diagnostics, and vaccines for AIDS and related conditions. In particular, the agency has established a special designation--1-AA--for a ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 857.15 KB]
    5. Containing the spread of HIV infection: a world health priority.
      Personal Author:
      Samuels, M E; Mann, J; Koop, C E;
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):221-223
      Description:
      The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the world total of AIDS cases will reach 300,000 by the end of 1988 and 500,000 to 3 million over the next 5 years. AIDS is of special concern to developing countries with their limited, stressed hea...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 731.67 KB]
    6. In pursuit of the number one public health problem.
      Personal Author:
      Bowen, O R
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):211-212
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 327.56 KB]
    7. "We are your sons, your daughters....".
      Personal Author:
      Windom, R E
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):209-210
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 912.93 KB]
    8. Public Health Rep
      Published:
      May-Jun 1988
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 662.23 KB]
    9. The American Medical Association and the war on AIDS.
      Personal Author:
      Hotchkiss, W S
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):282-288
      Description:
      Since the identification of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1981 as a distinct disease entity, the number of AIDS cases has steadily increased in the United States and throughout the world. Although the primary etiologic agent of AIDS, h...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.18 MB]
    10. Meeting the needs of people with AIDS: local initiatives and Federal support.
      Personal Author:
      Sundwall, D N; Bailey, D;
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):293-298
      Description:
      The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), one of the seven agencies of the Public Health Service, is working to meet some of the resource and patient service needs engendered by the epidemic of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.26 MB]
    11. NAN--a national voice for community-based services to persons with AIDS.
      Personal Author:
      Kawata, P A; Andriote, J M;
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):299-304
      Description:
      Because of the variety of needs engendered by AIDS, a broadbased response to the epidemic is warranted. The traditional medical model, with its emphasis on inpatient hospital care, is expensive and fails to address other needs of people with AIDS (PW...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.08 MB]
    12. Intravenous drug use and AIDS prevention.
      Personal Author:
      Schuster, C R
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):261-266
      Description:
      Research programs of the National Institute on Drug Abuse take a broad approach to investigating the problems of intervention in intravenous drug use and its relation to the AIDS epidemic. Current prevention strategies are directed to reducing the ra...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.36 MB]
    13. Role of state health agencies in responding to AIDS.
      Personal Author:
      Richland, J H
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):267-272
      Description:
      State health agencies have assumed a leadership role in responding to the major public health issues raised by the AIDS epidemic. Directors of State health agencies (State health officers) have asserted their influence at the national level as well a...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.41 MB]
    14. The role of the American Hospital Association in combating AIDS.
      Personal Author:
      McCarthy, C
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):273-277
      Description:
      The American Hospital Association (AHA) has taken a leadership role in assisting health care providers in dealing effectively with the challenges of AIDS. Early work focused on preventing infection in the health care setting with the use of the Cente...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 803.85 KB]
    15. Educating nursing students about quality care and safe practices in the AIDS epidemic.
      Personal Author:
      Spero, J R
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):278-281
      Description:
      Nursing students, as future health care providers, need comprehensive instruction about AIDS--the many manifestations of both the disease itself and the pandemic. As health educators and practitioners, nurses play a major role in safeguarding the hea...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 870.04 KB]
    16. The Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences: formulating AIDS policy.
      Personal Author:
      Weiss, R; Thier, S O;
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):289-292
      Description:
      In 1985 the Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences devoted its annual meeting to an exploration of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The questions raised at the meeting propelled the IOM/NAS to initiate an assessment of the dime...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 908.21 KB]
    17. PROGRAMS, PRACTICES, PEOPLE
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):325-327
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 558.91 KB]
    18. Making fair decisions about financing care for persons with AIDS.
      Personal Author:
      Roper, William L.; Winkenwerder, William;
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):305-308
      Description:
      An estimated 40 percent of the nation's 55,000 persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have received care under the Medicaid Program, which is administered by the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) and funded jointly by the Fe...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 898.55 KB]
    19. Forecasting the personal medical care costs of AIDS from 1988 through 1991.
      Personal Author:
      Hellinger, F J
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):309-319
      Description:
      The personal medical care costs of those diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1988 are forecast to be $2.2 billion, an amount that will increase to $4.5 billion in 1991. This is the first study to include the cost of purchasing...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.12 MB]
    20. Current CDC efforts to prevent and control human immunodeficiency virus infection and AIDS in the United States through information and education.
      Personal Author:
      Mason, James O.; Noble, Gary R.; Lindsey, Bryan K.; Kolbe, Llloyd J.; Van Ness, Paula; Bowen, G. Stephen; Drotman, D. Peter; Rosenberg, Mark L.;
      Published:
      1988 May-Jun
      Source:
      Public Health Rep. 103(3):255-260
      Description:
      The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is estimated to have infected more than a million people in the United States and millions more in other countries. Even though there is no vaccine or effective treatment, HIV infection can be prevented through ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.14 MB]
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