i
The effects of the AIDS epidemic on the safety of the nation's blood supply.
-
1988 May-Jun
Source: Public Health Rep. 103(3):236-241
Details:
-
Alternative Title:Public Health Rep
-
Personal Author:
-
Description:Present safeguards for the blood supply consist of three tiers of protection: donor deferral based on a donor's history of risk factors, confidential exclusion of blood units from donors with self-admitted risk factors, and testing of the blood itself. Before the discovery of the AIDS virus in 1983 and 1984, there was no specific test relevant to AIDS that could be used to help improve the safety of the blood supply. The first step was intensified efforts, based on what was then known of the epidemiology of the disease, to take donor histories to identify risk factors. The first specific tests were for the detection of antibodies to the virus and came into use in 1985. The general features of AIDS are described, together with the scientific rationale for the various types of laboratory tests, those for the virus itself, antigens, antibodies, the genetic material of the virus, and T4 lymphocytes. General characteristics of the tests are reviewed. Since testing began, about 30 million units each of blood and plasma have been screened. More than 3,000 infected persons in the blood donor group have been identified as HIV-antibody positive. Thirteen cases of transfusion-associated infection have been documented. They are believed to have occurred because a detectable level of antibodies had not yet formed in the infected donors. Currently, such transmission is thought to occur once in about 40,000 to 250,000 donations, a dramatic improvement from 1983.
-
Subject:
-
Pubmed ID:3131813
-
Pubmed Central ID:PMCnull
-
Document Type:
-
Collection(s):
-
Main Document Checksum:urn:sha256:d222e2358c8448799ead69b91b324c649e8e608705620032166c8310009c9c8e
-
File Type:
Supporting Files
-
No Additional Files
More +
Related Documents
-
- File Format:
- RIS
- File Format:
- RIS
- File Format:
- RIS
Personal Author:Kawata, P A ; Andriote, J M ;1988 May-Jun | Public Health Rep. 103(3):299-304Description:Because of the variety of needs engendered by AIDS, a broadbased response to the epidemic is warranted. The traditional medical model, with its emphas...Personal Author:Samuels, M E ; Mann, J ; ...1988 May-Jun | Public Health Rep. 103(3):221-223Description:The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the world total of AIDS cases will reach 300,000 by the end of 1988 and 500,000 to 3 million over t...Educating nursing students about quality care and safe practices in the AIDS epidemic.CitePersonal Author:Spero, J R1988 May-Jun | Public Health Rep. 103(3):278-281Description:Nursing students, as future health care providers, need comprehensive instruction about AIDS--the many manifestations of both the disease itself and t...Personal Author:Schuster, C R1988 May-Jun | Public Health Rep. 103(3):261-266Description:Research programs of the National Institute on Drug Abuse take a broad approach to investigating the problems of intervention in intravenous drug use ...Monitoring the levels and trends of HIV infection: the Public Health Service's HIV surveillance program.CitePersonal Author:Dondero, Timothy J. ; Pappaioanou, Marguerite ; ...1988 May-Jun | Public Health Rep. 103(3):213-220Description:A comprehensive, multifaceted approach to HIV surveillance is needed to provide the information necessary for public health management and policy. Bec...Current CDC efforts to prevent and control human immunodeficiency virus infection and AIDS in the United States through information and education.CitePersonal Author:Mason, James O. ; Noble, Gary R. ; ...1988 May-Jun | Public Health Rep. 103(3):255-260Description:The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is estimated to have infected more than a million people in the United States and millions more in other countr...Personal Author:Roper, William L. ; Winkenwerder, William ;1988 May-Jun | Public Health Rep. 103(3):305-308Description:An estimated 40 percent of the nation's 55,000 persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have received care under the Medicaid Program, w...Personal Author:Hellinger, F J1988 May-Jun | Public Health Rep. 103(3):309-319Description:The personal medical care costs of those diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1988 are forecast to be $2.2 billion, an amount t...Personal Author:Young, F E1988 May-Jun | Public Health Rep. 103(3):242-245Description:The Food and Drug Administration has instituted several pro-active measures to expedite the review of treatments, diagnostics, and vaccines for AIDS a...Personal Author:Broder, S ; Fauci, A S ;1988 May-Jun | Public Health Rep. 103(3):224-229Description:The discovery of effective therapies for HIV requires a fundamental knowledge of retroviral infections. Research by the Public Health Service and coll...Personal Author:Fauci, A S ; Fischinger, P J ;1988 May-Jun | Public Health Rep. 103(3):230-236Description:The development of a safe and effective vaccine against infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is of paramount importance to the preventi...Personal Author:Richland, J H1988 May-Jun | Public Health Rep. 103(3):267-272Description:State health agencies have assumed a leadership role in responding to the major public health issues raised by the AIDS epidemic. Directors of State h...Personal Author:Hotchkiss, W S1988 May-Jun | Public Health Rep. 103(3):282-288Description:Since the identification of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1981 as a distinct disease entity, the number of AIDS cases has steadily incr...
More +
You May Also Like
Checkout today's featured content at stacks.cdc.gov