Thyroid hormones and menstrual cycle function in a longitudinal cohort of premenopausal women

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol
• Personal Author:
  Jacobson, Melanie H. ; Howards, Penelope P. ; Darrow, Lyndsey A. ; Meadows, Juliana W. ; Kesner, James S. ; Spencer, Jessica B. ; Terrell, Metrecia L. ; Marcus, Michele
• Description:
  Background
  
  Previous studies have reported that hyperthyroid and hypothyroid women experience menstrual irregularities more often compared with euthyroid women, but reasons for this are not well understood and studies on thyroid hormones among euthyroid women are lacking. In a prospective cohort study of euthyroid women, this study characterized the relationship between thyroid hormone concentrations and prospectively-collected menstrual function outcomes.
  
  Methods
  
  Between 2004–2014, 86 euthyroid premenopausal women not lactating or taking hormonal medications participated in a study measuring menstrual function. Serum thyroid hormones were measured before the menstrual function study began. Women then collected first morning urine voids and completed daily bleeding diaries every day for three cycles. Urinary estrogen and progesterone metabolites (estrone 3-glucuronide (E13G) and pregnanediol 3-glucuronide (Pd3G)) and follicle-stimulating hormone were measured and adjusted for creatinine (Cr).
  
  Results
  
  Total thyroxine (T4) concentrations were positively associated with Pd3G and E13G. Women with higher (vs. lower) T4 had greater luteal phase maximum Pd3G (Pd3G=11.7 μg/mg Cr for women with high T4 vs. Pd3G=9.5 and 8.1 μg/mg Cr for women with medium and low T4, respectively) and greater follicular phase maximum E13G (E13G=41.7 ng/mg Cr for women with high T4 vs. E13G=34.3 and 33.7 ng/mg Cr for women with medium and low T4, respectively).
  
  Conclusions
  
  Circulating thyroid hormone concentrations were associated with subtle differences in menstrual cycle function outcomes, particularly sex steroid hormone levels in healthy women. Results contribute to the understanding of the relationship between thyroid function and the menstrual cycle, and may have implications for fertility and chronic disease.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adult Article Estrogen Euthyroid Female Humans Longitudinal Studies Menstrual Cycle Menstrual Cycle Function Middle Aged Premenopause Progesterone Prospective Studies Thyroid Hormones Women's Health Women’s Health Young Adult

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• Source:
  Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 32(3):225-234
• Pubmed ID:
  29517803
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5980701
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  R01 ES012014/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; T03OH008609/ACL HHS/United States ; R01 ES024790/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; T03OH008609/ACL HHS/ACL HHS/United States ; R01 ES008341/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; P30 ES019776/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; R21 ES023927/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; R01 ES025775/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; T03 OH008609/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States ; T32 HD052460/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
• Volume:
  32
• Issue:
  3
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:61d94e08379aca9ead97feb159010fe96bb43f6043de9124ffb5c940f7dd0063
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/55386/cdc_55386_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 515.87 KB ]