Impact of Repeated Vaccination on Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza A(H3N2) and B During 8 Seasons

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Clin Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  McLean, Huong Q. ; Thompson, Mark G. ; Sundaram, Maria E. ; Meece, Jennifer K. ; McClure, David L. ; Friedrich, Thomas C. ; Belongia, Edward A.
• Description:
  Recent studies suggest that influenza vaccination in the previous season may influence the effectiveness of current-season vaccination, but this has not been assessed in a single population over multiple years.|Patients presenting with acute respiratory illness were prospectively enrolled during the 2004-2005 through 2012-2013 influenza seasons. Respiratory swabs were tested for influenza and vaccination dates obtained from a validated registry. Vaccination status was determined for the current, previous, and prior 5 seasons. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated for participants aged ≥9 years using logistic regression models with an interaction term for vaccination history.|There were 7315 enrollments during 8 seasons; 1056 (14%) and 650 (9%) were positive for influenza A(H3N2) and B, respectively. Vaccination during current only, previous only, or both seasons yielded similar protection against H3N2 (adjusted VE range, 31%-36%) and B (52%-66%). In the analysis using 5 years of historical vaccination data, current season VE against H3N2 was significantly higher among vaccinated individuals with no prior vaccination history (65%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 36%-80%) compared with vaccinated individuals with a frequent vaccination history (24%; 95% CI, 3%-41%; P = .01). VE against B was 75% (95% CI, 50%-87%) and 48% (95% CI, 29%-62%), respectively (P = .05). Similar findings were observed when analysis was restricted to adults 18-49 years.|Current- and previous-season vaccination generated similar levels of protection, and vaccine-induced protection was greatest for individuals not vaccinated during the prior 5 years. Additional studies are needed to understand the long-term effects of annual vaccination.
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 And Over Child Comorbidity Female Humans Immunization, Secondary Influenza, Human Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype Influenza B Virus Influenza Vaccines Male Middle Aged Outcome Assessment (Health Care) Risk Factors Seasons Vaccination Young Adult

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• Source:
  Clin Infect Dis. 2014; 59(10):1375-1385.
• Pubmed ID:
  25270645
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC4207422
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  U01 IP000471/IP/NCIRD CDC HHS/United States
• Volume:
  59
• Issue:
  10
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:5b86aba92eb9082db0810eece053902c47582844fde019d01f11a7a1a75314be
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32261/cdc_32261_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 282.08 KB ]