Determinants of Urinary Dialkyl Phosphate Metabolites in Midlife Women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multi-Pollutant Study (SWAN-MPS)

Details

• Journal Article:
  Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology
• Personal Author:
  Seo, Sung-Hee ; Batterman, Stuart A. ; Karvonen-Gutierrez, Carrie A. ; Park, Sung K.
• Description:
  Background: Biomonitoring data and determinants of urinary dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites, markers of organophosphate pesticides, in racially diverse, non-occupationally exposed populations are scarce. Objective: This study evaluated urinary concentrations and potential determinants of DAP metabolites of organophosphate pesticides in a multi-site, multi-racial/ethnic cohort of women aged 45-56 years, the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multi-Pollutant Study (SWAN-MPS). Methods: We analyzed 963 urine samples collected in 1999-2000, the baseline of SWAN-MPS for longitudinal studies, and quantified DAP metabolites, including dimethyl alkylphosphates (DMAPs): dimethylphosphate (DMP), dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP); and diethyl alkylphosphates (DEAPs): diethylphosphate (DEP), diethylthiophosphate (DETP), diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP), using gas chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectroscopy. Adjusted least squared geometric means (LSGMs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to compare DAP concentrations by socio-demographic, behavioral and dietary factors. Results: The geometric means (geometric standard deviations) of total DAPs, DMAPs, and DEAPs were 141 (2.63) nmol/L, 102 (2.99) nmol/L, and 26.8 (2.46) nmol/L, respectively. Body mass index (BMI) was inversely associated with DMAPs and DEAPs: LSGM (95% CI) = 68.8 (55.7-84.9) and 21.0 (17.7-25.0) nmol/L for women with obesity vs. 102 (84.7-123) and 30.1 (25.7-35.1) nmol/L for women with normal/underweight, respectively. Fruit consumption was positively (74.9 (62.1-90.2) for less than 5-6 servings/week vs. 105 (84.8-130) nmol/L for 1 serving/day and more) whereas meat consumption was inversely associated with DMAPs (110 (95.0-128) for seldom vs. 82.3 (59.5-114) nmol/L for often consumption). Fresh apple consumption appears to be attributed to the DMAP differences. Alcohol consumption was positively associated with DEAPs (27.5 (23.1-32.7) for 2 drinks/week and more vs. 23.0 (20.0-26.6) nmol/L for less than 1 drink/month). Black women had higher concentrations of DEAPs compared with White women (27.3 (21.2-35.2) vs. 23.2 (20.2-26.7) nmol/L). Impact Statement: Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are synthetic chemicals and currently the most widely used type of insecticides. We examined multi-site, multi-ethnic cohort of midlife women in the U.S. that offers a unique opportunity to evaluate major determinants of OP exposure. We improved OP metabolite detection rates and obtained accurate concentrations using an improved analytical technique. Our findings suggest that consumptions of fruit, meat and alcohol are important determinants of OP exposure for midlife women. Higher concentrations of diethyl OP metabolites in Black women compared to White women, even after accounting for dietary intake, suggests additional, but unknown racial-ethnic differences that affect exposure.
• Subjects:
  Occupational Health Pesticides Safety Urogenital System Women
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Organophosphate Pesticide; Dialkyl Phosphate Metabolites; Determinants; Midlife Women Biomonitoring; Pesticides; Urine; Metabolites; Cohort Studies; Women; Pollutants; Analytical Processes; Organophosphorus Insecticides;
• Source:
  J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2025 Jul; 35(4):590-601
• ISSN:
  1559-0631
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Michigan ; Chicago Region [OSHA]
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  12 pdf pages
• Volume:
  35
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20071415
• Contact Point Address:
  Sung Kyun Park, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
• Email:
  sungkyun@umich.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2025
• Performing Organization:
  University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• End Date:
  20280630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:da8cd04336610de4f3cd42d157c182a6cc2b061e7855f728aede8cce628d1b475f20e1e896bd65f99409441cbbbfa5c6a9d60c9036495910b4c895987f342e51
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/259014/cdc_259014_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 699.24 KB ]