Pulmonary response of guinea pigs to inhalation of cotton dust: effect of depletion of peripheral leukocytes.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; DeLong DS ; Frazer DG ; Mull J ; Robinson VA
• Description:
  The pulmonary response to cotton dust exposure was monitored in English-short-hair-guinea-pigs depleted of peripheral leukocytes by treatment with either hydroxyurea or cyclophosphamide. The animals were exposed to cotton dust for 2 hours using an aerosol formed by a modified Pitt-3 acoustical generator. The mass median aerodynamic diameter of the dust as determined with an aerodynamic particle sizer was 2.5 micrometers. Increases were noted in the carbon- dioxide challenged breathing rate, the number of lavaged leukocytes, and the activity of alveolar macrophages. A correlation was noted between the number of lavaged leukocytes and the breathing rate during carbon-dioxide challenge. The effect of leukocyte depletion on the responses of guinea-pigs 18 hours after cotton dust exposure was also studied. Hydroxyurea, given by intraperitoneal injection 2 days before cotton dust exposure, caused partial depletion of circulating leukocytes. No significant effects on the pulmonary responses to inhalation of cotton dust were noted because of the leukocyte depletion. A substantial inhibition of both carbon- dioxide challenged breathing rate and the activation of alveolar macrophages was noted in response to cotton dust exposure when complete leukocytopenia was achieved. The authors suggest that the acute response of guinea-pigs to cotton dust is mediated by pulmonary leukocytes. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Bacteria Byssinosis Dust Laboratories Lung Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety

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• Keywords:
  Cotton-dust; Plant-dusts; Airborne-dusts; Bacterial-dusts; Pulmonary-system-disorders; Byssinosis; Dust-inhalation; Pulmonary-function; Laboratory-animals
• ISBN:
  9780961340858
• Publisher:
  The National Cotton Council of America
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Proceedings
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 4 ; Tennessee
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  92-94
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00185556
• Citation:
  Cotton dust: proceedings of the Twelfth Cotton Dust Research Conference, beltwide cotton research conferences, January 6-7, 1988, New Orleans, Louisiana. Wakelyn PJ, Jacobs RR, Rylander R, Burrell R, Peterson Y, eds. Memphis, TN: The National Cotton Council of America, 1988 Jan; :92-94
• Editor(s):
  Wakelyn PJ; Jacobs RR; Rylander R; Burrell R; Peterson Y
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1988
• NORA Priority Area:
  Disease and Injury: Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Cotton dust: proceedings of the Twelfth Cotton Dust Research Conference, beltwide cotton research conferences, January 6-7, 1988, New Orleans, Louisiana
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/242732/cdc_242732_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]