A Projectile Concussive Impact Model Produces Neuroinflammation in Both Mild and Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Details

• Personal Author:
  Craddock TJA ; Kelly KA ; Michalovicz LT ; O'Callaghan JP
• Description:
  Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability and is experienced by nearly 3 million people annually as a result of falls, vehicular accidents, or from being struck by or against an object. While TBIs can range in severity, the majority of injuries are considered to be mild. However, TBI of any severity has the potential to have long-lasting neurological effects, including headaches, cognitive/memory impairments, mood dysfunction, and fatigue as a result of neural damage and neuroinflammation. Here, we modified a projectile concussive impact (PCI) model of TBI to deliver a closed-head impact with variable severity dependent on the material of the ball-bearing projectile. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were evaluated for neurobehavioral, neuroinflammatory, and neural damage endpoints both acutely and longer-term (up to 72 h) post-TBI following impact with either an aluminum or stainless-steel projectile. Animals that received TBI using the stainless-steel projectile exhibited outcomes strongly correlated to moderate-severe TBI, such as prolonged unconsciousness, impaired neurobehavior, increased risk for hematoma and death, as well as significant neuronal degeneration and neuroinflammation throughout the cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, and cerebellum. In contrast, rats that received TBI with the aluminum projectile exhibited characteristics more congruous with mild TBI, such as a trend for longer periods of unconsciousness in the absence of neurobehavioral deficits, a lack of neurodegeneration, and mild neuroinflammation. Moreover, alignment of cytokine mRNA expression from the cortex of these rats with a computational model of neuron-glia interaction found that the moderate-severe TBI produced by the stainless-steel projectile strongly associated with the neuroinflammatory state, while the mild TBI existed in a state between normal and inflammatory neuron-glia interactions. Thus, these modified PCI protocols are capable of producing TBIs that model the clinical and experimental manifestations associated with both moderate-severe and mild TBI producing relevant models for the evaluation of the potential underlying roles of neuroinflammation and other chronic pathophysiology in the long-term outcomes associated with TBI. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Behavior Nervous System Nervous System Diseases Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Animal Studies Author Keywords: Traumatic Brain Injury Brain Matter Cognitive Function Head Injuries Inflammation Logic Modeling Neural Damage Neuroimmune Neurological Disorders Projectile Concussive Impact TBI Traumatic Brain Injury

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• ISSN:
  2076-3425
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Florida ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  13
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20067479
• Citation:
  Brain Sci 2023 Apr; 13(4):623
• Contact Point Address:
  Lindsay T. Michalovicz, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26508, USA
• Email:
  yqp4@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2023
• NORA Priority Area:
  Transportation, Warehousing and Utilities
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Brain Sciences
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:86c55d676acfd03807c70a34a755de436095bf687146d2dbaf457d8f619be71872ac2ca8a89ae6d29c07cb8ae3e1b7bf772574793038a67974a1803275fa8c70
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/231471/cdc_231471_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 4.02 MB ]