Assessment of the Aerosol Generation and Toxicity of Carbon Nanotubes

Details

• Personal Author:
  Adamcakova-Dodd A ; Altmaier R ; O'Shaughnessy PT ; Thorne PS
• Description:
  Current interest in the pulmonary toxicity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has resulted in a need for an aerosol generation system that is capable of consistently producing a CNT aerosol at a desired concentration level. This two-part study was designed to: (1) assess the properties of a commercially-available aerosol generator when producing an aerosol from a purchased powder supply of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs); and (2) assess the pulmonary sub-acute toxicity of DWCNTs in a murine model during a 5-day (4 h/day) whole-body exposure. The aerosol generator, consisting of a novel dustfeed mechanism and venturi ejector was determined to be capable of producing a DWCNT consistently over a 4 h exposure period at an average level of 10.8 mg/m3. The count median diameter was 121 nm with a geometric standard deviation of 2.04. The estimated deposited dose was 32 microg/mouse. The total number of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was significantly (p < 0.01) increased in exposed mice compared to controls. Similarly, macrophages in BAL fluid were significantly elevated in exposed mice, but not neutrophils. All animals exposed to CNT and euthanized immediately after exposure had changes in the lung tissues showing acute inflammation and injury; however these pathological changes resolved two weeks after the exposure. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Hazardous Substances Lung Occupational Health Respiratory System Safety Toxicology
• Keywords:
  Aerosol Generation Aerosol Generators Author Keywords: Carbon Nanotubes Carbon Nanotubes CNT Double-walled Carbon Nanotubes DWCNT Inhalation Nanomaterials Nanotechnology Nanotoxicology Nanotubes Pulmonary Effects Pulmonary Response Toxic Effects Toxicity Toxic Materials

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• ISSN:
  2079-4991
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Iowa ; OSHA Region 7
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  439-453
• Volume:
  4
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20061951
• Citation:
  Nanomaterials 2014 Jun; 4(2):439-453
• Contact Point Address:
  Patrick O'Shaughnessy, The University of Iowa, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, 100 CPHB S320, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
• Email:
  patrick-oshaughnessy@uiowa.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbon nanotubes (CAS RN 308068-56-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2014
• Performing Organization:
  University of Iowa
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Nanomaterials
• End Date:
  20290630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:b3a21457c8d2ed65afcfdf052e3450ead48e1e363982f0e056830c79c47e2167296a6194a9f21d6755c3cdc3a6a44bf32f4d303acd8a45593613952a4b8dc0f5
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/225287/cdc_225287_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 4.09 MB ]