Experimental Strategy for Translational Studies of Organophosphorus Pesticide Neurotoxicity Based on Real-World Occupational Exposures to Chlorpyrifos

Details

• Personal Author:
  Anger WK ; Bonner MR ; Farahat FM ; Farahat TM ; Fenske RA ; Galvin K ; Lasarev MR ; Lattal KM ; Lein PJ ; Olson JR ; Rohlman DS
• Description:
  Translational research is needed to understand and predict the neurotoxic consequences associated with repeated occupational exposures to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs). In this report, we describe a research strategy for identifying biomarkers of OP neurotoxicity, and we characterize pesticide application workers in Egypt's Menoufia Governorate who serve as our anchor human population for developing a parallel animal model with similar exposures and behavioral deficits and for examining the influence of human polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 (CYP) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzymes on OP metabolism and toxicity. This population has previously been shown to have high occupational exposures and to exhibit a broad range of neurobehavioral deficits. In addition to observational studies of work practices in the field, questionnaires on demographics, lifestyle and work practices were administered to 146 Egyptian pesticide application workers applying pesticides to the cotton crop. Survey results indicated that the application workforce uses standard operating procedures and standardized equipment provided by Egypt's Ministry of Agriculture, which provides a workforce with a stable work history. We also found that few workers report using personal protective equipment (PPE), which likely contributes to the relatively high exposures reported in these application workers. In summary, this population provides a unique opportunity for identifying biomarkers of OP-induced neurotoxicity associated with occupational exposure. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biomarkers Insecticides Nervous System Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Organophosphates Personal Protective Equipment Safety
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Biomarkers Chlorpyrifos Exposure Assessment Neurological System Neurotoxic Effects Neurotoxicity Occupational Exposure Organophosphorus Pesticides Personal Protective Equipment PPE
• ISSN:
  0161-813X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; New York ; Oregon ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 9 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  33
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20054713
• Citation:
  Neurotoxicology 2012 Aug; 33(4):660-668
• Contact Point Address:
  Pamela J. Lein, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Molecular Biosciences, 2161 Haring Hall, One Shields Ave., Davis CA 95616 USA
• Email:
  pjlein@ucdavis.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Chlorpyrifos (CAS RN 2921-88-2)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2012
• Performing Organization:
  University of Washington
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Neurotoxicology
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:92f5a19fcdda620c1e508cd6ceb8f96645c45bdd398f8a1e940b0cb8984e7a82aa0a36fca4bda2c75d871caabd82b782d85b53a0c24903a41aab28a196857539
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/217163/cdc_217163_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 566.51 KB ]