Impact of long-term exposure to nanocellulose materials on the morphological transformation of human lung epithelial cells

Details

• Personal Author:
  Farcas MT ; Kegan VE ; Kisin ER ; Menas A ; Russo M ; Schwegler-Berry D ; Shvedova AA ; Star A ; Yanamala N
• Description:
  The wide use of nanocellulose (NC) materials in industrial applications requires the investigation of their effects on human health, especially their long-term effects that have not been addressed. In this context, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential carcinogenic effect of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) - one of the major forms of NC, using epithelial cells of pulmonary origin (BEAS-2B and A549). We demonstrated here that prolonged exposure (4 weeks) of the cells to occupationally relevant sub-toxic concentration (30 microg/cm2) of two forms of CNC (powder and gel) derived from wood, enhanced neoplastic-like transformation. It is evidenced by increased cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, migration and invasion. A strong activation of cells resulted in the high number of cytoplasmic vacuoles, finger-like protrusions, lipid droplets and multi-nucleation. Additionally, a significant depletion of antioxidants, accumulation of oxidatively modified proteins and an increase in lipid peroxidation products were found in the cells exposed to CNC. Apoptosis analysis displayed no effect in A549 and inhibitory effect of CNC in BEAS-2B cells. Furthermore, the signaling mechanisms of the cells were precisely defined by their cytokine responses. The increased proliferation was synergistic and mediated by both pro-inflammatory and pro-carcinogenic cytokines. Overall, our results provide new evidence to suggest the potential carcinogenic effect of CNC. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Antioxidants Carcinogens Cells, Cultured Cellulose Environmental Exposure Hazardous Substances Immune System Lipids Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Toxicology Wood

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• Keywords:
  Carcinogenicity Cell Alteration Cell Cultures Cell Growth Cell Migration Cell Proliferation Cell Signaling Cell Transformation Cellular Effects Cellulose Fibers Cytokines Exposure Assessment Exposure Levels Humans Immune Reaction Immune System Lipid Peroxidation Long Term Exposure Lung Cells Lung Disorders Nanocellulose Nanocrystals Nanomaterials Nanotechnology Nanotoxicology Neoplastic Agents Neoplastic Transformation Proteins Pulmonary System Disorders Respiratory System Disorders Synergistic Effects Toxic Dose Toxic Materials

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; OSHA Region 3 ; Pennsylvania ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  156
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20049391
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2017 Mar; 156(1):122
• CAS Registry Number:
  Cellulose (CAS RN 9004-34-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 56th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 12-16, 2017, Baltimore, Maryland
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:9575370e9f1aef2f62514b1ed79e0d5b8d834a46de52083b9d78c3cafb431e5719e7a5ff48719ab6459a928b224a9cda484f5555d7d58cee6cee8ff9aec272e1
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/203850/cdc_203850_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 944.56 KB ]