Pulmonary exposure to respirable cellulose nanocrystals caused sustained lung damage and male reproductive toxicity

Details

• Personal Author:
  Farcas MT ; Gutkin DW ; Kagan VE ; Kisin ER ; Menas AL ; Shvedova AA ; Star A ; Yanamala N
• Description:
  Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) unveil an interesting combination of properties (e.g. mechanical, thermal, rheological and optical) and produced in large scale as nanofillers in polymer composites, building materials, cosmetics, food, and the drug industry. To date, there are only few studies investigating the potential adverse effects of nanocellulose materials. The present study was undertaken to investigate the pulmonary outcomes as well as alterations of the male reproductive system induced by repeated exposure to respirable CNC. C57BL6 male mice were treated by pharyngeal aspiration with CNC (40 microg/mouse) twice a week for 3 weeks. Three months after the last administration, exposure to respirable CNC resulted in pulmonary inflammation and damage, oxidative stress, elevated TGF-beta and collagen in the lung. Additionally, CNC exposure significantly altered sperm concentration, motility, cell morphology, and sperm DNA integrity. These parameters correlated with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and myeloperoxidase activity in testes, as well as increase in oxidative stress in both testes and epididymis. Exposure to CNC also induced damage to testicular structure and imbalance in levels of testosterone and luteinizing hormone. Taken together, these results demonstrate that exposure to respirable CNC not only lead to pulmonary toxicity but also induces sustained adverse effects in spermatocytes/spermatozoa indicating male reproductive toxicity. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cellulose Endocrine System Environmental Exposure Enzymes Hazardous Substances Immune System Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Men Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Toxicology Urogenital Diseases Urogenital System

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• Keywords:
  Antimicrobials Cell Alteration Cell Morphology Cellular Effects Cellulose Fibers Cytokines DNA Damage Exposure Assessment Exposure Levels Hormones Immune Reaction Immune System Laboratory Animals Laboratory Testing Lung Disorders Lung Function Nanocellulose Nanocrystals Nanomaterials Nanotechnology Nanotoxicology Oxidative Stress Peroxidases Pulmonary System Disorders Reproductive Effects Reproductive Hazards Reproductive System Disorders Respiratory System Disorders Spermatozoa Testes Toxic Materials

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; OSHA Region 3 ; Pennsylvania ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  78
• Volume:
  156
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20049386
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2017 Mar; 156(1):78
• CAS Registry Number:
  Cellulose (CAS RN 9004-34-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 56th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 12-16, 2017, Baltimore, Maryland
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:6e333494e9d58615a4c761e11b78ff86a4c8b461c0af2401047f931daab0abe22123403aea2509de1f9e1fd7266f047fab9918cb7fa406491d16be0d3a002c38
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/203846/cdc_203846_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 943.90 KB ]