Temporal changes in rat liver gene expression after acute cadmium and chromium exposure

Details

• Personal Author:
  Baer CE ; Dennis WE ; Jackson, David A. ; Leonard, Stephen S. ; Lewis JA ; Madejczyk MS ; Minarchick VC ; Stallings JD
• Description:
  U.S. Service Members and civilians are at risk of exposure to a variety of environmental health hazards throughout their normal duty activities and in industrial occupations. Metals are widely used in large quantities in a number of industrial processes and are a common environmental toxicant, which increases the possibility of being exposed at toxic levels. While metal toxicity has been widely studied, the exact mechanisms of toxicity remain unclear. In order to further elucidate these mechanisms and identify candidate biomarkers, rats were exposed via a single intraperitoneal injection to three concentrations of CdCl2 and Na2Cr2O7, with livers harvested at 1, 3, or 7 days after exposure. Cd and Cr accumulated in the liver at 1 day post exposure. Cd levels remained elevated over the length of the experiment, while Cr levels declined. Metal exposures induced ROS, including hydroxyl radical (*OH), resulting in DNA strand breaks and lipid peroxidation. Interestingly, ROS and cellular damage appeared to increase with time post-exposure in both metals, despite declines in Cr levels. Differentially expressed genes were identified via microarray analysis. Both metals perturbed gene expression in pathways related to oxidative stress, metabolism, DNA damage, cell cycle, and inflammatory response. This work provides insight into the temporal effects and mechanistic pathways involved in acute metal intoxication, leading to the identification of candidate biomarkers. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Biomarkers Energy Metabolism Environmental Exposure Environmental Health Environmental Pollution Genetics Hazardous Substances Laboratories Metals Occupational Health Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety

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• Keywords:
  Cell-damage Environmental-exposure Environmental-hazards Environmental-health Exposure-levels Genes Laboratory-animals Metabolism Metal-compounds Metallic-compounds Oxidative-processes Risk-factors Stress Toxic-effects Toxins

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• ISSN:
  1932-6203
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  10
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20046273
• Citation:
  PLoS One 2015 May; 10(5):e0127327
• Email:
  john.a.lewis5.civ@mail.mil
• CAS Registry Number:
  Cadmium (CAS RN 7440-43-9) ; Chromium (CAS RN 7440-47-3)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2015
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  PLoS One
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:458c37416cedc35b9344019eecb042665feeb8a341636f14fda7f2495d99f6318b1bb5c0aba5c53669c341e9e21677206a4584b51485776524fee0dd8f4762b5
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/201378/cdc_201378_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.51 MB ]