Effects of Simulated Pulmonary Surfactant on the Cytotoxicity and DNA-Damaging Activity of Respirable Quartz and Kaolin

Details

• Personal Author:
  Gao N ; Keane MJ ; Ong T ; Wallace WE
• Description:
  Respirable-sized quartz and kaolin dusts were pretreated with simulated pulmonary surfactant dispersions of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) in saline to model the conditioning of particles depositing in alveolar regions of the lung. DPPC-treated and untreated dusts were used to challenge lavaged rat pulmonary alveolar macrophages in vitro. Cytotoxicity was determined over a 5-d period using both total and viable cell counts from a fluorescence-based viability assay. DNA damage, as an indication of genotoxicity, was determined over a 7-d period by the single-cell gel electrophoresis assay. Untreated quartz and kaolin both expressed a significant and potent cytotoxicity, which increased with concentration and time. DPPC-surfactant pretreatment delayed significant expression of this cytotoxicity until 3 to 5 d after challenge. Untreated quartz also caused DNA damage, which increased with concentration and time. DPPC-surfactant treatment of quartz delayed most DNA damage expression to 5 and 7 d. Untreated kaolin expressed weaker activity for DNA damage, significant at the highest concentration through 5 d, and at the higher concentrations on d 7. Surfactant treatment delayed most kaolin activity for DNA damage to 7 d after challenge. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Cytotoxins Dust Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Quartz Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Silicon Dioxide

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• Keywords:
  Animal Studies Cytotoxicity In Vitro Studies Laboratory Animals Lung Disorders Models Pulmonary System Disorders Quartz Dust Respirable Dust Respiratory System Disorders Simulation Methods

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• ISSN:
  1528-7394
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  153-167
• Volume:
  60
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20020679
• Citation:
  J Toxicol Environ Health A 2000 Jun; 60(3):153-167
• Contact Point Address:
  William E. Wallace, NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
• Email:
  wew2@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Kaolin (CAS RN 1332-58-7) ; Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2000
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:3397123ae73b5e805b130fb1da227cc20b4f4c9986e7ae63c4ed9762b310522a0c3d56cd5d37b950e6688169c2768cd7d5dde090b9124a1c65b04e31b29dc600
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/198360/cdc_198360_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 417.10 KB ]