Acute pulmonary responses to MWCNT inhalation

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Chen BT ; McKinney W ; Porter DW ; Wolfarth MG
• Description:
  The large scale manufacture of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) suggests occupational exposures may occur. In order to investigate the pulmonary toxicity of MWCNT, male C57BL6/J mice (6 weeks old) were exposed to aerosolized MWCNT (10 mg/m3, 5 hours per day; mass mode aerodynamic diameter 1.3 um, count mode aerodynamic diameter 0.4 um) for 2, 4, 8 and 12 days. All mice were sacrificed at one day post-exposure. Whole lung lavage (WLL) was conducted and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) were assessed to index pulmonary inflammation. WLL fluid assays included lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity as a measure of cytotoxicity, albumin as a marker of the lung air-blood barrier integrity, as well as various cytokines. MWCNT lung burden ranged from 6.6 +/- 0.5 ug/lung (2 days exposure) to 30.6 +/- 1.2 ug/lung (12 days exposure). MWCNT-exposure induced increases in PMN levels from 152 +/- 27 (x 103) PMNs/mouse (2 days exposure) to 1,893 +/- 462 (x 103) PMNs/mouse (12 days exposure). MWCNT-exposure increased WLL fluid albumin from 0.18 +/- 0.01 mg/ml (2 days exposure) to 0.41 +/- 0.04 mg/ml (12 days exposure), while WLL fluid LDH increased from 131 +/- 6 units/L (2 days exposure) to 286 +/- 35 units/L (12 days exposure). MWCNT exposure caused increased interleukin-6 (IL-6), chemokine ligands 1 and 2 (CXCL1, CCL2), and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) levels relative to air-exposed controls. In summary, these data indicate that exposure to aerosolized MWCNTs results in dose-dependent increases in pulmonary inflammation and damage, suggesting that aerosolized MWCNT may pose an occupational health hazard. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Air Pollutants, Occupational Air Pollution, Indoor Cytotoxins Hazardous Substances Irritants Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory Hypersensitivity Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety

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• Keywords:
  Aerosol-particles Air-contamination Airborne-particles Biological-effects Cell-biology Cellular-reactions Cytotoxic-effects Cytotoxicity Dose-response Exposure-levels Inhalation-studies Laboratory-animals Laboratory-testing Lung-disease Lung-disorders Lung-function Lung-irritants Nanotechnology Physiological-effects Pulmonary-system-disorders Quantitative-analysis Respiratory-hypersensitivity Respiratory-irritants Respiratory-system-disorders Statistical-analysis Toxic-effects

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  District of Columbia ; OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  10
• Volume:
  120
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20038434
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2011 Mar; 120(Suppl 2):10
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbon (CAS RN 7440-44-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2011
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 50th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 6-10, 2011, Washington, DC
• Supplement:
  2
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:76ce8fe78627e59356ecba8a629e6cd22d3230baa22cf86fb6021565c9ea3846763838b741775afe1edb29838310ed713be30bd6f8c989cb74196d6ba3464506
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/192147/cdc_192147_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.09 MB ]