The Effect of Lecithin Surfactant and Phospholipase Enzyme Treatment on Some Cytotoxic Properties of Respirable Quartz and Kaolin Dusts

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bates D ; Castranova, Vincent ; Hill CA ; Keane BMJ ; Saus F ; Vallyathan V ; Wallace WE ; Bates D ; Castranova, Vincent ; Hill CA ; Keane BMJ ; Saus F ; Vallyathan V ; Wallace WE
• Description:
  Two in vitro systems are being developed to model initial stages in the interaction of respired dusts with the acinar region of the lung. Incubation of quartz and kaolin with dipalmitoyl glyceropholphorylcholine, a major component of pulmonary surfactant, suppresses the prompt cytotoxicity of both dusts as measured by in vitro enzyme disease from pulmonary macrophages or assay by erythrocyte hemolysis. Additional data is presented to quantitate the detoxification or quartz and kaolin by dipalmitoyl lecithin. Subsequent incubation of lecithin treated dusts with phospholipase enzymes results in partial to complete restoration of the assayed cytotoxic potentials, dependent on the lipase activity applied, the incubation time, and the mineral. Restored cytotoxic potential is due to removal of the prophylactic lecithin surface coating and/or due to residual lysolecithin which is produced by the partial enzymatic digestion of lecithin. Data is presented on the contribution of each mechanism to the restored toxicity. Again, this is dependent on the mineral used, the lipase activity applied, and digestion time. Additionally, a system is under development to challenge pulmonary macrophages in culture with native and surfactant treated dusts. A preliminary test of the dipalmitoyl lecithin - quartz - rabbit pulmonary macrophage system is presented to illustrate the method. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cytotoxins Dust Hazardous Substances Irritants Lung Occupational Health Quartz Respiratory System Safety Silicon Dioxide Surface-Active Agents

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• Keywords:
  Alveolar-cells Cytotoxic-effects Dust-inhalation Dust-particles Lung-irritants Mineral-dusts Quartz-dust Respirable-dust Respiratory-irritants Silica-dusts Surfactants Toxic-materials

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• ISBN:
  0936712767
• Publisher:
  Pennsylvania State University
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Proceedings ; Proceedings
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies ; DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Pages in Document:
  154-166
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20034325
• Citation:
  Proceedings of the International Symposium on Respirable Dust in the Mineral Industries: Health Effects, Characterization, and Control, University Park, Pennsylvania, October 14-16, 1986. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University, 1988; :154-166
• CAS Registry Number:
  Kaolin (CAS RN 1332-58-7) ; Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7) ; Kaolin (CAS RN 1332-58-7) ; Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7)
• Editor(s):
  Frantz RL ; Frantz RL
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1987
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Proceedings of the International Symposium on Respirable Dust in the Mineral Industries: Health Effects, Characterization, and Control, University Park, Pennsylvania, October 14-16, 1986
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:6dc0acd4fc93c23fe5b6543c000bb89c2f3031fe9b31852bb70fdc7f442e143e42fbeb9dc18b759c49d87724da07648574cbd768264c3ca1d622dab9f9085c6f
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/189573/cdc_189573_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.88 MB ]