Dihydropteroate Synthase Gene Mutations in Pneumocystis and Sulfa Resistance

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Emerg Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Huang, Laurence ; Crothers, Kristina ; Atzori, Chiara ; Benfield, Thomas ; Miller, Robert ; Rabodonirina, Meja ; Helweg-Larsen, Jannik
• Description:
  Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) remains a major cause of illness and death in HIV-infected persons. Sulfa drugs, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and dapsone are mainstays of PCP treatment and prophylaxis. While prophylaxis has reduced the incidence of PCP, its use has raised concerns about development of resistant organisms. The inability to culture human Pneumocystis, Pneumocystis jirovecii, in a standardized culture system prevents routine susceptibility testing and detection of drug resistance. In other microorganisms, sulfa drug resistance has resulted from specific point mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene. Similar mutations have been observed in P. jirovecii. Studies have consistently demonstrated a significant association between the use of sulfa drugs for PCP prophylaxis and DHPS gene mutations. Whether these mutations confer resistance to TMP-SMX or dapsone plus trimethoprim for PCP treatment remains unclear. We review studies of DHPS mutations in P. jirovecii and summarize the evidence for resistance to sulfamethoxazole and dapsone.
• Subjects:
  Anti-Infective Agents Dapsone Dihydropteroate Synthase Drug Resistance, Fungal Drug Resistance, Microbial Gene Expression Humans Mutation Perspective Perspective, Pneumocystis, Pneumocystis Jirovecii, Pneumonia, Pneumocystis, Dihydropteroate Synthase, Dihydrofolate Reductase, Mutation, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Dapsone Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia, Pneumocystis Risk Factors Sulfamethoxazole Sulfones Trimethoprim

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• Source:
  Emerg Infect Dis. 10(10):1721-1728.
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Volume:
  10
• Issue:
  10
• Collection(s):
  Emerging Infectious Diseases
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:7008628d68f0c83370ede32f4f4ba5af25abce2a853f677b86ee1546ebcacb50
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/14546/cdc_14546_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 243.73 KB ]