Dietary Contributions of Food Outlets by Urbanization Level in the US Population 2 Years and Older, NHANES 2013–2018
Advanced Search
Select up to three search categories and corresponding keywords using the fields to the right. Refer to the Help section for more detailed instructions.

Search our Collections & Repository

All these words:

For very narrow results

This exact word or phrase:

When looking for a specific result

Any of these words:

Best used for discovery & interchangable words

None of these words:

Recommended to be used in conjunction with other fields

Language:

Dates

Publication Date Range:

to

Document Data

Title:

Document Type:

Library

Collection:

Series:

People

Author:

Help
Clear All

Query Builder

Query box

Help
Clear All

For additional assistance using the Custom Query please check out our Help Page

i

Dietary Contributions of Food Outlets by Urbanization Level in the US Population 2 Years and Older, NHANES 2013–2018

Filetype[PDF-524.51 KB]


  • English
    • Details Supporting Files You May Also Like

    Details:

    • Alternative Title:
      Am J Clin Nutr
    • Personal Author:
    • Description:
      Background:

      Differences in food access, availability, affordability, and dietary intake are influenced by the food environment, which includes outlets where foods are obtained. These differences between food outlets within rural and urban food environments in the US are not well understood.

      Objective:

      The aim of this analysis was to describe the contribution of foods and beverages from six outlets – grocery stores, convenience stores, full-service restaurants, quick-service restaurants, schools, and other outlets – to total energy intake and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 scores in the US population, by urbanization level (non-metropolitan statistical areas (MSA), small to medium MSA, and large MSA).

      Design:

      Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2018. Dietary intake from one 24-hour dietary recall was analyzed by the outlet where a food or beverage was obtained and by urbanization. Linear regression, adjusted for sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, and family income, was used to predict the contribution of each food outlet to total energy intake and HEI-2015 total and component scores by urbanization level.

      Results:

      During 2013–2018, foods and beverages from grocery stores, quick-service, and full-service restaurants provided 62.1%, 15.1% and 8.5% of energy intake, respectively. The percent of energy intake from full- and quick-service restaurants increased with increasing urbanization level. HEI-2015 total scores increased with increasing urbanization level overall (48.1 non-MSAs, 49.2 small to medium MSAs, and 51.3 large MSAs), for grocery stores (46.7 non-MSAs, 48.0 small to medium MSAs, and 50.6 large MSAs), and for quick-service restaurants (35.8 non-MSAs, 36.3 small to medium MSAs, and 37.5 large MSAs).

      Conclusion:

      Grocery stores and restaurants were the largest contributors of energy intake in urban and rural areas. Diet quality improved with increasing urbanization overall and for grocery stores and quick-service restaurants.

    • Subjects:
    • Source:
      Am J Clin Nutr. 117(5):946-954
    • Pubmed ID:
      36822405
    • Pubmed Central ID:
      PMC10159996
    • Document Type:
      Journal Article
    • Funding:
      CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
    • Name as Subject:
      National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (U.S.)
    • Place as Subject:
      United States
    • Collection(s):
    • Main Document Checksum:
    • Download URL:
    • File Type:

    You May Also Like

    Checkout today's featured content at stacks.cdc.gov