The origins and genomic diversity of American Civil War Era smallpox vaccine strains

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Genome Biol
• Personal Author:
  Duggan, Ana T. ; Klunk, Jennifer ; Porter, Ashleigh F. ; Dhody, Anna N. ; Hicks, Robert ; Smith, Geoffrey L. ; Humphreys, Margaret ; McCollum, Andrea M. ; Davidson, Whitni B. ; Wilkins, Kimberly ; Li, Yu ; Burke, Amanda ; Polasky, Hanna ; Flanders, Lowell ; Poinar, Debi ; Raphenya, Amogelang R. ; Lau, Tammy T. Y. ; Alcock, Brian ; McArthur, Andrew G. ; Golding, G. Brian ; Holmes, Edward C. ; Poinar, Hendrik N.
• Description:
  Vaccination has transformed public health, most notably including the eradication of smallpox. Despite its profound historical importance, little is known of the origins and diversity of the viruses used in smallpox vaccination. Prior to the twentieth century, the method, source and origin of smallpox vaccinations remained unstandardised and opaque. We reconstruct and analyse viral vaccine genomes associated with smallpox vaccination from historical artefacts. Significantly, we recover viral molecules through non-destructive sampling of historical materials lacking signs of biological residues. We use the authenticated ancient genomes to reveal the evolutionary relationships of smallpox vaccination viruses within the poxviruses as a whole.
• Subjects:
  Ancient DNA Short Report Smallpox Vaccination Vaccinia Virus
• Source:
  Genome Biol. 21
• Pubmed ID:
  32684155
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC7370420
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  430-2018-00662/Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada/ ; Unknown/Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada/ ; OGI-170/Ontario Genomics Institute/ ; RGPIN-2015-04477/Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada/ ; Unknown/Australian Research Council/ ; Unknown/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom ; PJT-156214/CAPMC/ CIHR/Canada ; Unknown/Canadian Foundation for Innovation/ ; Unknown/Genome Canada/ ; Unknown/Red Wilson/
• Volume:
  21
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:1f028759aba04b32b64c5f13b5320f4a30fc811c6bb21b6de937bea049e687cc3b38fabe761a6341526386e354ea619fb742f1d9d94958f65367c69ba6247a5f
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/93286/cdc_93286_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.54 MB ]