U.S. flag An official website of the United States government.
Official websites use .gov

A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS

A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

CDC Stacks Public Health Publications

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts research and makes recommendations for preventing work-related injuries, illnesses, and deaths. For more information, visit https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/index.html.

(1)
(320)
(847)
(1111)
(1286)
(1663)
(1923)
(2675)
(2174)
(2174)
(2202)
(2025)
(2294)
(2195)
(2187)
(1953)
(1953)
(1863)
(1812)
(1891)
(1851)
(2014)
(1833)
(1770)
(1792)
(1618)
(1440)
(1339)
(1049)
(1126)
(1101)
(945)
(1158)
(1313)
(1239)
(1325)
(1190)
(1403)
(1035)
(1171)
(1174)
(1210)
(1053)
(1184)
(1312)
(1467)
(1471)
(1458)
(1275)
(1229)
(1333)
(1434)
(1233)
(1062)
(1077)
(826)
(603)
(527)
(112)
(50)
(32)
(40)
(31)
(34)
(23)
(13)
(6)
(7)
(6)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(36)
0 of 93
(1)
(588)
(12)
(2)
(122)
(1)
(85)
(2)
(13)
(1)
(182)
(57)
(5)
(49)
(36)
(4)
(7)
(1088)
(18)
(483)
(5)
(80827)
(1)
(4)
0 of 24
(2)
(5)
(948)
(769)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(922)
(261)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(237)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(153)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(116)
(1)
(8)
(6)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6296)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(426)
(1)
(28)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3778)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1001)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(129)
(3)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(98)
(1)
(1)
(39)
(1)
(113)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2785)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(2021)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2947)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(38)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(167)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(408)
(1)
(2388)
(1107)
(4)
(1849)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(250)
(1)
(7)
(102)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1597)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(769)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(304)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5127)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4234)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2718)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2172)
(1)
(257)
(1)
(1)
(1186)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(396)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(673)
(1)
(612)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(234)
(1233)
(2)
(613)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(5014)
(17)
(1)
(13)
(4)
(95)
(7)
(209)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2868)
(1)
(137)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(16371)
(1)
(534)
(2)
(1)
(1516)
(3)
(2)
(5564)
(5886)
(26834)
(10212)
(23664)
(4373)
(3614)
(1)
(5686)
(7505)
(7292)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(9898)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(13)
(2)
(562)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(8)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(102)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(171)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(5)
(356)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(499)
(199)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(661)
(1)
(2685)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(991)
(1)
(1)
(1442)
(1)
(2)
(216)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1919)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(5325)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11911)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1431)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(81)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(309)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0 of 750
(47)
(1)
(29)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(813)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(282)
(3607)
(1)
(808)
(2061)
(6)
(1)
(3857)
(587)
(11)
(1)
(17292)
(1)
(5)
(22)
(1)
(1)
(112)
(152)
(4782)
(132)
(31)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(16)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(24)
(16)
(16)
(50)
(4)
(559)
0 of 45
(1)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(48)
(57)
(125)
(24)
(8)
(86)
(153)
(75)
(26)
(11)
(1)
(661)
(1)
(44)
(19)
(41)
(3)
(86)
(44)
(29)
(2539)
(1)
(6)
(21)
(1179)
(15)
(130)
(14)
(31)
(632)
(4)
(10)
(3)
(20)
(1)
(1)
(2811)
(40)
(174)
(7)
(8)
(4)
(2575)
(81)
(5)
(4)
(154)
(2224)
(239)
(4)
(108)
(32)
(199)
(182)
(1)
(1)
(221)
(221)
(8)
(61)
(2)
(117)
(1)
0 of 67
(68)
(6)
(5258)
(1421)
(9)
(5)
(6043)
(4)
(9164)
(15)
(7)
(19)
(44)
(32)
(38)
(27)
(74)
(216)
(4)
(160)
(75)
(6)
(27)
(4)
(7)
(109)
(5)
(779)
(26)
(12)
(6)
(2148)
(52)
(1936)
(1989)
(12)
(4612)
(9)
(62)
(7)
(747)
(9)
(5250)
(1312)
(2567)
(52)
(10)
(329)
(7)
(21)
(246)
(169)
(36)
(10)
(34)
(278)
(23)
(402)
(34)
(24)
(164)
(66)
(52)
(6)
(4)
(18)
(55)
(157)
(11)
(39)
(171)
(3235)
(61)
(18)
(81)
(5)
(225)
(157)
(41)
(90)
(5)
(238)
(4)
(4)
(265)
(15)
(5)
(12)
(995)
(6)
(1273)
(1283)
(39)
(113)
(4)
(6)
(258)
(12)
(2029)
(53)
(25)
(7)
(4)
(6)
(7)
(227)
(202)
(1875)
(7)
(208)
(4)
(14)
(26)
(4)
(7)
(234)
(112)
(24)
(547)
(362)
(371)
(6)
(153)
(116)
(19)
(1267)
(1303)
(4)
(246)
(10)
(20)
(4)
(1741)
(216)
(143)
(94)
(4)
(70)
(357)
(12)
(6)
(4)
(23)
(23)
(63)
(6)
(6)
(4)
(61)
(9)
(221)
(65)
(190)
(41)
(69)
(4)
(183)
(4)
(25)
(13)
(190)
(4)
(35)
(12)
(77)
(4)
(32)
(12)
(127)
(9)
(248)
(5)
(5)
(2138)
(4)
(1575)
(1938)
(551)
(7)
(68)
(29)
(52)
(4)
(418)
(28)
(4)
(4)
(96)
(5)
(4)
(37)
(8)
(73)
(2814)
(498)
(35)
(5)
(24)
(12)
(115)
(253)
(7)
(6)
(10)
(64)
(27)
(339)
(21)
(282)
(151)
(263)
(4)
(322)
(5)
(109)
(62)
(6)
(3919)
(3546)
(49)
(25)
(5)
(39)
(23)
(802)
(89)
(5)
(53)
(210)
(12)
(167)
(1844)
(144)
(160)
(263)
(4)
(540)
(393)
(40)
(4494)
(533)
(5)
(45)
(215)
(26)
(78)
(9)
(111)
(51)
(70)
(32)
(4)
(31)
(60)
(4)
(479)
(25)
(4)
(52)
(7)
(72)
(8)
(195)
(521)
(187)
(9)
(172)
(8)
(163)
(5)
(10)
(321)
(18)
(6)
(4)
(587)
(6)
(2002)
(19)
(165)
(7)
(673)
(44)
(33)
(34)
(6)
(73)
(683)
(4)
(308)
(362)
(311)
(85)
(4)
(332)
(40)
(7)
(8)
(33)
(4)
(50)
(4)
(251)
(4)
(5)
(34)
(34)
(56)
(12)
(8)
(10)
(173)
(7055)
(25)
(640)
(21)
(8)
(8)
(25)
(336)
(2520)
(5)
(44)
(756)
(8)
(404)
(1114)
(26)
(60)
(206)
(4)
(4)
(87)
(46)
(16)
(888)
(5)
(2376)
(5)
(369)
(6)
(52)
(398)
(52)
(313)
(1071)
(23)
(1976)
(480)
(5)
(4864)
(5)
(1379)
(7)
(7028)
(16)
(1647)
(7)
(530)
(8)
(9)
(5483)
(5)
(30)
(117)
(6)
(15)
(26)
(9)
(2446)
(47)
(64)
(13)
(37)
(4)
(72)
(5)
(13)
(5)
(8)
(26)
(85)
(4)
(9)
(9)
(865)
(186)
(6)
(7)
(476)
(111)
(254)
(18)
(4)
(777)
(2428)
(4)
(8)
(654)
(705)
(21)
(24)
(17)
(7)
(367)
(39)
(67)
(349)
(284)
(4)
(15)
(4)
(2063)
(1465)
(123)
(34)
(22)
(56)
(5)
(7)
(42)
(20)
(39)
(8)
(4)
(4)
(103)
(49)
(455)
(588)
(11)
(405)
(628)
(349)
(4)
(166)
(11)
(6)
(304)
(27)
(672)
(119)
(5)
(21)
(15)
(10)
(5)
(6)
(5)
(4)
(1217)
(43)
(653)
(214)
(5)
(4)
(57)
(139)
(75)
(7)
(65)
(84)
(10)
(18)
(116)
(7)
(16)
(4)
(5)
(6881)
(56)
(54)
(10)
(2462)
(17)
(4)
(14)
(10)
(3481)
(16)
(14)
(1503)
(5)
(5)
(7)
(11)
(8)
(171)
(333)
(945)
(1222)
(1258)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(50)
(595)
(5)
(6)
(519)
(897)
(32)
(22)
(5)
(4)
(202)
(38)
(14)
(42)
(96)
(7)
(58)
(61)
(156)
(11)
(6)
(7)
(248)
(962)
(58)
(15)
(31)
(343)
(510)
(6)
(1191)
(12)
(23)
(10)
(6)
(16)
(46)
(5)
(1620)
(4)
(7)
(32)
(5)
(1480)
(4)
(4)
(17)
(18)
(21)
(14)
(56)
(4)
(5)
(20)
(4)
(34)
(22)
(8)
(13)
(126)
(4)
(38)
(532)
(9)
(5)
(59)
(1161)
(5)
(5)
(4)
(77)
(1531)
(75)
(76)
(7)
(1403)
(418)
(6)
(13)
(133)
(49)
(5483)
(7)
(690)
(1154)
(371)
(6)
(195)
(5)
(233)
(349)
(369)
(9)
(75)
(8)
(5)
(49)
(5435)
(3940)
(4)
(10)
(9)
(60)
(7)
(132)
(8)
(21)
(124)
(362)
(10)
(246)
(19)
(4691)
(26)
(102)
(11)
(160)
(18)
(28)
(31)
(41)
(2681)
(32)
(378)
(2912)
(208)
(5)
(1077)
(7)
(2747)
(846)
(31)
(62)
(10)
(433)
(23)
(13)
(20)
(6)
(40)
(6)
(27)
(12)
(1110)
(9)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(29)
(792)
(19)
(10081)
(111)
(11)
(911)
(8)
(3911)
(6)
(9)
(5)
(122)
(8)
(3257)
(5)
(3364)
(351)
(74)
(50)
(171)
(65)
(28)
(26)
(9)
(21)
(38)
(44)
(10)
(17)
(14)
(7)
(206)
(3283)
(15)
(3280)
(869)
(121)
(213)
(85)
(55)
(41)
(75)
(171)
(40)
(112)
(5)
(40)
(24)
(2258)
(1598)
(6)
(8)
(5)
(12)
(172)
(27)
(5)
(197)
(122)
(51)
(10)
(8)
(5)
(6)
(1263)
(6)
(22)
(9752)
(31)
(39)
(35)
(80781)
(20)
(1136)
(8)
(5)
(21)
(14)
(6)
(6)
(310)
(38)
(5)
(313)
(5)
(127)
(9)
(131)
(125)
(630)
(96)
(7)
(86)
(11)
(6)
(5039)
(385)
(7)
(9)
(29)
(41)
(7)
(6489)
(5)
(14)
(216)
(34)
(5)
(102)
(156)
(15)
(89)
(52)
(31)
(94)
(6)
(8)
(6)
(456)
(29)
(78)
(11)
(5)
(7)
(12)
(738)
(9)
(179)
(522)
(203)
(10)
(40)
(56)
(21)
(49)
(8)
(9)
(8)
(5)
(14)
(34)
(28)
(50)
(1379)
(588)
(11)
(11)
(716)
(230)
(71)
(15)
(9)
(37)
(12)
(1366)
(35)
(1673)
(15)
(6)
(19)
(5)
(35)
(18)
(33)
(5)
(361)
(423)
(15)
(1362)
(1340)
(132)
(272)
(165)
(164)
(13)
(189)
(11)
(447)
(11)
(44)
(78)
(20)
(7)
(6)
(111)
(20)
(18)
(5)
(21)
(5)
(7)
(7)
(45)
(5)
(6)
(793)
(384)
(2169)
(7949)
(7245)
(7)
(8)
(5)
(7992)
(6323)
(11)
(15)
(191)
(6)
(7)
(80492)
(4759)
(12)
(8)
(61)
(5)
(79)
(1503)
(152)
(901)
(57)
(1160)
(9)
(546)
(220)
(8)
(83)
(1733)
(120)
(61)
(2403)
(389)
(860)
(7)
(753)
(622)
(296)
(382)
(6)
(988)
(17)
(13)
(27)
(1154)
(2143)
(34)
(9)
(183)
(89)
(18)
(10)
(5419)
(15)
(5)
(29)
(11)
(146)
(1644)
(167)
(178)
(152)
(51)
(62)
(166)
(52)
(35)
(106)
(3250)
(5)
(10)
(32)
(7)
(14)
(840)
(205)
(37)
(410)
(10)
(8)
(15)
(19)
(23)
(100)
(5)
(758)
(262)
(10)
(1848)
(30)
(5)
(781)
(7)
(7)
(62)
(44)
(14)
(111)
(32)
(136)
(31)
(17)
(139)
(9)
(16)
(680)
(903)
(1341)
(22)
(13)
(9)
(25)
(50)
(7)
(937)
(3146)
(115)
(5)
(726)
(54)
(457)
(6)
(590)
(7)
(7)
(5)
(37)
(66)
(6)
(312)
(62)
(23)
(31)
(360)
(5)
(131)
(12)
(710)
(103)
(3094)
(312)
(8)
(17)
(11)
(5)
(30)
(6)
(259)
(9172)
(26)
(47)
(121)
(13)
(7)
(88)
(15)
(8)
0 of 1000
(76)
(66)
(38)
(49)
(38)
(51)
(50)
(113)
(79)
(93)
(63)
(38)
(46)
(36)
(51)
(110)
(56)
(247)
(60)
(83)
(277)
(86)
(106)
(43)
(57)
(138)
(126)
(48)
(37)
(44)
(73)
(42)
(36)
(44)
(98)
(72)
(38)
(39)
(226)
(42)
(38)
(69)
(71)
(64)
(122)
(54)
(77)
(62)
(37)
(151)
(143)
(52)
(51)
(43)
(63)
(68)
(36)
(49)
(70)
(50)
(52)
(45)
(62)
(173)
(63)
(39)
(59)
(38)
(88)
(39)
(41)
(69)
(60)
(50)
(45)
(54)
(55)
(38)
(105)
(123)
(43)
(61)
(69)
(53)
(80)
(69)
(53)
(42)
(80)
(58)
(147)
(43)
(45)
(99)
(37)
(46)
(88)
(47)
(92)
(37)
(45)
(85)
(78)
(37)
(37)
(55)
(38)
(66)
(44)
(38)
(55)
(84)
(45)
(59)
(83)
(159)
(62)
(42)
(129)
(84)
(40)
(96)
(108)
(61)
(70)
(47)
(78)
(64)
(179)
(36)
(44)
(38)
(40)
(99)
(43)
(60)
(73)
(69)
(926)
(88)
(48)
(39)
(48)
(189)
(47)
(36)
(61)
(60)
(36)
(129)
(101)
(71)
(72)
(39)
(147)
(39)
(88)
(75)
(41)
(43)
(37)
(109)
(37)
(39)
(47)
(251)
(59)
(77)
(126)
(36)
(41)
(93)
(44)
(41)
(41)
(57)
(140)
(66)
(45)
(135)
(59)
(55)
(49)
(58)
(64)
(38)
(48)
(37)
(48)
(56)
(147)
(46)
(72)
(38)
(38)
(55)
(72)
(143)
(37)
(103)
(84)
(53)
(119)
(43)
(88)
(84)
(38)
(36)
(42)
(57)
(82)
(42)
(51)
(82)
(47)
(41)
(58)
(41)
(79)
(47)
(53)
(66)
(175)
(48)
(39)
(157)
(49)
(37)
(46)
(98)
(61)
(59)
(126)
(41)
(80)
(71)
(226)
(100)
(51)
(122)
(41)
(39)
(55)
(42)
(37)
(48)
(40)
(77)
(84)
(142)
(44)
(56)
(171)
(58)
(38)
(45)
(42)
(167)
(40)
(48)
(36)
(76)
(119)
(71)
(39)
(86)
(58)
(41)
(39)
(55)
(69)
(55)
(56)
(213)
(155)
(40)
(62)
(75)
(89)
(41)
(52)
(88)
(83)
(41)
(43)
(87)
(85)
(56)
(54)
(65)
(47)
(55)
(62)
(81)
(208)
(49)
(73)
(61)
(47)
(183)
(38)
(38)
(45)
(46)
(105)
(43)
(82)
(93)
(44)
(85)
(40)
(46)
(62)
(53)
(48)
(44)
(97)
(39)
(65)
(56)
(49)
(69)
(43)
(42)
(150)
(44)
(46)
(54)
(45)
(125)
(39)
(60)
(74)
(85)
(200)
(250)
(83)
(87)
(37)
(257)
(78)
(97)
(65)
(175)
(37)
(92)
(78)
(55)
(44)
(89)
(62)
(60)
(112)
(37)
(36)
(134)
(77)
(63)
(44)
(252)
(38)
(66)
(40)
(89)
(117)
(76)
(56)
(37)
(108)
(78)
(156)
(68)
(39)
(198)
(43)
(86)
(59)
(46)
(62)
(54)
(38)
(49)
(61)
(44)
(88)
(49)
(51)
(51)
(43)
(97)
(49)
(46)
(93)
(121)
(109)
(92)
(46)
(47)
(167)
(72)
(63)
(48)
(83)
(125)
(43)
(44)
(102)
(45)
(56)
(44)
(38)
(63)
(44)
(75)
(78)
(94)
(51)
(95)
(38)
(82)
(209)
(65)
(59)
(77)
(37)
(108)
(240)
(51)
(44)
(104)
(67)
(55)
(48)
(46)
(45)
(53)
(47)
(39)
(82)
(47)
(49)
(54)
(38)
(59)
(49)
(63)
(71)
(41)
(70)
(92)
(159)
(45)
(56)
(71)
(67)
(61)
(78)
(54)
(59)
(51)
(108)
(37)
(63)
(250)
(80)
(40)
(49)
(39)
(40)
(42)
(98)
(40)
(106)
(46)
(91)
(131)
(39)
(91)
(55)
(74)
(51)
(46)
(70)
(37)
(82)
(44)
(98)
(40)
(75)
(42)
(55)
(54)
(155)
(39)
(61)
(43)
(65)
(59)
(60)
(84)
(181)
(45)
(45)
(120)
(235)
(63)
(101)
(44)
(79)
(61)
(67)
(95)
(38)
(87)
(71)
(70)
(96)
(71)
(68)
(56)
(44)
(122)
(55)
(68)
(49)
(75)
(57)
(76)
(47)
(44)
(106)
(56)
(46)
(160)
(45)
(44)
(37)
(40)
(58)
(64)
(116)
(41)
(59)
(46)
(68)
(37)
(51)
(55)
(44)
(42)
(49)
(127)
(63)
(48)
(54)
(88)
(79)
(45)
(76)
(103)
(59)
(54)
(37)
(80)
(84)
(45)
(70)
(63)
(46)
(58)
(40)
(108)
(53)
(102)
(78)
(55)
(177)
(40)
(38)
(115)
(108)
(70)
(61)
(40)
(49)
(155)
(96)
(95)
(37)
(90)
(47)
(38)
(97)
(61)
(38)
(67)
(65)
(48)
(201)
(84)
(51)
(48)
(44)
(69)
(81)
(54)
(37)
(37)
(46)
(52)
(188)
(44)
(41)
(104)
(41)
(51)
(85)
(58)
(40)
(44)
(42)
(41)
(59)
(171)
(68)
(37)
(43)
(86)
(46)
(52)
(40)
(54)
(43)
(50)
(38)
(38)
(93)
(43)
(43)
(49)
(122)
(39)
(53)
(47)
(56)
(152)
(44)
(74)
(262)
(47)
(49)
(57)
(56)
(217)
(144)
(45)
(130)
(164)
(42)
(45)
(98)
(68)
(39)
(48)
(66)
(38)
(41)
(37)
(58)
(65)
(77)
(134)
(63)
(51)
(45)
(155)
(49)
(79)
(69)
(122)
(53)
(149)
(41)
(52)
(51)
(49)
(39)
(105)
(37)
(37)
(42)
(93)
(162)
(46)
(40)
(43)
(166)
(60)
(153)
(58)
(38)
(37)
(119)
(40)
(101)
(58)
(48)
(49)
(41)
(111)
(61)
(71)
(44)
(46)
(43)
(42)
(41)
(58)
(151)
(42)
(42)
(64)
(84)
(53)
(53)
(110)
(43)
(78)
(103)
(41)
(109)
(59)
(132)
(67)
(54)
(53)
(96)
(46)
(119)
(78)
(68)
(47)
(230)
(39)
(57)
(40)
(59)
(172)
(52)
(68)
(92)
(57)
(276)
(43)
(43)
(38)
(37)
(99)
(40)
(90)
(82)
(85)
(43)
(92)
(39)
(172)
(68)
(99)
(51)
(69)
(65)
(49)
(78)
(125)
(124)
(37)
(71)
(52)
(39)
(40)
(71)
(68)
(45)
(89)
(158)
(49)
(70)
(288)
(40)
(53)
(53)
(52)
(189)
(57)
(53)
(114)
(40)
(42)
(37)
(46)
(43)
(67)
(44)
(95)
(227)
(42)
(79)
(39)
(227)
(71)
(161)
(46)
(82)
(49)
(87)
(55)
(95)
(62)
(39)
(43)
(65)
(44)
(45)
(102)
(114)
(50)
(78)
(122)
(51)
(54)
(109)
(55)
(46)
(40)
(40)
(55)
(51)
(79)
(90)
(58)
(52)
(54)
(37)
(50)
(95)
(96)
(59)
(222)
(232)
(38)
(52)
(170)
(37)
(62)
(70)
(43)
(37)
(98)
(158)
(46)
(55)
(49)
(57)
(52)
(89)
(62)
(42)
(60)
(96)
(58)
(53)
(43)
(55)
(59)
(87)
(92)
(40)
(40)
(78)
(104)
(234)
(99)
(55)
(63)
(101)
(71)
(55)
(54)
(69)
(103)
(107)
(46)
(37)
(121)
(61)
(69)
(85)
(39)
(58)
(61)
(289)
(59)
(42)
(72)
(42)
(194)
(121)
(86)
(105)
(115)
(37)
(59)
(70)
(81)
(46)
(88)
(189)
(41)
(41)
(117)
(59)
(51)
(55)
(50)
(63)
(71)
(43)
(48)
(84)
(137)
(52)
(48)
(85)
(38)
(105)
(68)
(68)
(51)
(138)
(37)
(128)
(59)
(40)
(108)
(76)
(48)
(60)
(45)
(73)
(47)
(106)
(64)
(46)
(59)
(45)
(45)
(182)
(86)
(82)
(58)
(47)
(38)
(40)
(61)
(76)
(54)
(81)
(45)
(42)
(50)
(71)
(99)
(89)
(97)
(119)
(64)
(54)
(49)
(39)
(64)
(43)
(98)
(99)
(51)
(40)
(53)
(46)
(59)
(50)
(45)
(80)
(137)
(38)
(43)
(82)
(71)
(54)
(44)
(39)
(52)
0 of 1000
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(65)
(6)
(1)
(64)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(55)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(12)
(1)
(605)
(1)
(1)
(77)
(53)
(18)
(12)
(270)
(69)
(85)
(2)
(125)
(117)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(21)
(1)
(49)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(67)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(48)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(57)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(15)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(8)
(35)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(9)
(2)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(5)
(105)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(31)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(31)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(19)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(20)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(14)
(14)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(220)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(3)
(23)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(134)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(230)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(2)
(1)
(13)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(29)
(21)
(1)
(2)
(21)
(217)
(4)
(246)
(52)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(228)
(49)
(53)
(1)
(210)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(184)
(187)
(2)
(47)
(47)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(35)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(6)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(53)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(14)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8936)
(4)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(47)
(8)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(35)
(3)
(1)
(234)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(22)
(23)
(3)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(315)
(2)
(739)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(3)
(19)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(110)
(1)
(2)
(36)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(124)
(13)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(17)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(77)
(29)
(33)
(59)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(211)
(24)
(1)
(186)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(1)
(24)
(30)
(30)
(32)
(1)
(65)
(1)
(62)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(4)
(10)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(27)
(3)
(3)
(52)
(11)
(52)
(52)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(150)
(41)
(38)
(8)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(25)
(1)
(26)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(13)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(12)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(48)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1125)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(40)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(20)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(38)
(94)
(283)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(84)
(7)
(1)
(19)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(14)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(715)
(127)
(49)
(47)
(40)
(1)
(1)
(34)
(1)
(34)
(34)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(106)
(12)
(106)
(1)
(2)
(14)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(45)
(45)
(1)
(1)
0 of 755
(1)
(205)
(21)
(1)
(114)
(129)
(679)
(92)
(186)
(66)
(1)
(185)
(3)
(1)
(8)
(168)
(2485)
(1015)
(12)
(1)
(62)
(77)
(5)
(256)
(1)
(1)
(891)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(123)
(1)
(1523)
(667)
(2372)
(260)
(1)
(8015)
(482)
(1)
(3200)
(6)
(206)
(355)
(33)
(1668)
(237)
(171)
(3)
(1)
(21)
(81)
(1)
(5359)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(51)
(116)
(4)
(27)
(96)
(2)
(1040)
(5)
(27)
(13)
(1)
(727)
(5)
(4)
(855)
(1)
(3)
(29)
(1741)
(2)
(11)
(65)
(2052)
(7)
(5)
(688)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(237)
(46)
(13)
(140)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1184)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(3957)
(1932)
(64)
(428)
(795)
(269)
(1)
(15)
(413)
(7)
(313)
(602)
(530)
(2)
(1125)
(12)
(384)
(8)
(49)
(1249)
(1)
(207)
(37)
(100)
(1)
0 of 124
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(13)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(6)
(9)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(12)
(2)
(51)
(540)
(2)
(7)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(175)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(32)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(6)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(3)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(4)
(22)
(3)
(6)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(7)
(9)
(1)
(4)
(41)
(1)
(9)
(6)
(12)
(8)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(5)
(8)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(33)
(5)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(25)
(4)
(1)
(12)
(3)
(8)
(3)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(15)
(4)
(6)
(29)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(55)
(54)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(10)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(6)
(4)
(287)
(623)
(7)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(20)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(8)
(4)
(2)
(11)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(8)
(5)
(8)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(19)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(3)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(7)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(15)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(32)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(27)
(1)
(20)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(19)
(1)
(7)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(64)
(7)
(44)
(34)
(7)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(11)
(30)
(2)
(8)
(7)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(39)
(13)
(1)
(33)
(1)
(110)
(4)
(1)
(4)
(3)
(1)
(12)
(3)
(32)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(16)
(4)
(41)
(1)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(39)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(8)
(22)
(9)
(84)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(17)
(3)
(109)
(313)
(3)
(3)
(26)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(20)
(7)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(7)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(17)
(10)
(3)
(15)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(11)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(12)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(5)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(11)
(6)
(49)
(10)
(21)
(5)
(1)
(7)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(55)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(9)
(7)
(33)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(19)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(24)
(2)
(26)
(2)
(36)
(2)
(8)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(11)
(3)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(8)
(4)
(13)
(7)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(8)
(3)
(29)
(15)
(6)
(2)
(4)
(6)
(5)
(3)
(10)
(2)
(7)
(12)
(10)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(11)
(3)
(10)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(8)
(5)
(13)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(8)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(64)
(11)
(4)
(2)
(15)
(23)
(2)
(10)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(24)
(7)
(70)
(2)
(16)
(11)
(17)
(47)
(36)
(9)
(5)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(19)
(14)
(2)
(9)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(4)
(10)
(4)
(8)
(2)
(7)
(3)
(7)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(11)
(67)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(40)
(2)
(9)
(59)
(4)
(6)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(13)
(11)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(19)
(167)
(3)
(17)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(44)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(11)
(2)
(5)
(16)
(37)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(17)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(8)
(16)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(4)
(32)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(25)
(14)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(44)
(186)
(2)
(8)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(28)
(2)
(15)
(5)
(10)
(2)
(19)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(4)
(30)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(34)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(6)
(5)
(23)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(60)
(2)
(3)
(10)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(9)
(4)
(9)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(10)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(6)
(16)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(16)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(14)
(3)
(23)
(55)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(153)
(3)
(3)
(12)
(24)
(9)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(8)
(49)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(4)
(61)
(47)
(6)
(9)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(5)
(9)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(7)
(4)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(15)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(48)
(2)
(28)
(844)
(3)
(23)
(3)
(4)
(30)
(30)
(2)
(5)
(19)
(23)
(4)
(5)
(8)
(2)
(54)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(19)
(3)
(2)
(17)
(2)
(3)
(9)
(27)
(6)
(2)
(12)
(9)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(3)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(29)
(9)
(2)
(40)
0 of 1000
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(12)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(11)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(11)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(10)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(3104)
0 of 1000
(2)
(2780)
(24)
(30)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2854)
(1)
(16)
(4)
(28)
(118)
(5)
(56)
(142)
(372)
(76)
(261)
(89)
(98)
(557)
(236)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(514)
(1)
(7)
(1302)
(10)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(8)
(4)
(3012)
(2190)
(7)
(1)
(7)
(8)
(13)
(4)
(176)
(204)
(2)
(3)
(182)
(1)
(587)
(1)
(43)
(2)
(950)
(2)
(765)
(1)
(18)
(69)
(1)
(7)
(43)
(138)
(14)
(659)
(542)
(26)
(143)
(85)
(39)
(48)
(61)
(15)
(44)
(7)
(25)
(1722)
(136)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(374)
(1)
(497)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(5)
(19)
(8)
(18)
(33)
(1)
(147)
(68)
(193)
(1)
0 of 100
(1)
(4)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(17)
(111)
(15)
(21)
(269)
(23)
(13)
(3)
(6)
(35)
(397)
(427)
(6)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(11)
(4)
(79)
(36)
(9)
(41)
(3)
(3)
(8)
(4)
(16)
(17)
(5)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(6)
(9)
(72)
(2)
(21)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(20)
(44)
(30)
(35)
(92)
(21)
(22)
(46)
(18)
(112)
(3)
(18)
(9)
(13)
(4)
(11)
(1)
(10)
(38)
(2)
(3)
(9)
(17)
(10)
(24)
(1)
(11)
(9)
(24)
(2)
(10)
0 of 81
(467)
(666)
(11)
(3)
(14)
(173)
(1)
(893)
(2)
(394)
(39)
(2180)
(626)
(3)
(2)
(241)
(2)
(44)
(104)
(121)
(55)
(281)
(7)
(103)
(1)
(240)
(2)
(19)
(114)
(103)
(1)
(100)
(824)
(160)
(215)
(218)
(229)
(3)
(1)
(279)
(3)
(41)
(15)
(30)
(4)
(2)
(75)
(3)
(510)
(44)
(27)
(74)
(113)
(5)
(30)
0 of 55
(1)
(662)
(5769)
(1)
(6)
(6)
(302)
(19)
(2)
(2)
(209)
(38)
(1750)
(16)
(2)
(1739)
(78)
(4)
(36)
(143)
(1)
(5)
(3)
(35)
(16)
(5926)
(1)
(1)
(890)
(406)
(1)
(16)
(2)
(4)
(10)
(400)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1284)
(8)
(713)
(1)
(7782)
(3410)
(294)
(1761)
(1)
(4)
(1010)
(82)
(1)
(35)
(190)
(2)
(189)
(23)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(282)
(281)
(5)
(34202)
(15)
(2)
(299)
(28)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(18)
(4)
(6)
(1023)
(6)
(1)
(914)
(12)
(1)
(87)
(820)
(2)
(407)
(4)
(3)
(134)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(79)
(5)
(6786)
(42)
(4)
(6482)
(114)
(1)
(13)
(238)
(54)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(16)
(14)
(422)
(295)
(1)
(330)
(293)
(31)
(17)
(174)
(2)
(73)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0 of 125
(354)
(835)
(139)
(3058)
(917)
(3726)
(343)
(450)
(3807)
(526)
(309)
(659)
(228)
(1508)
(540)
(635)
(1268)
(1019)
(270)
(505)
(247)
(372)
(737)
(451)
(1272)
(613)
(311)
(1661)
(2365)
(195)
(162)
(432)
(228)
(138)
(1042)
(144)
(411)
(370)
(376)
(306)
(605)
(532)
(233)
(1336)
(232)
(209)
(146)
(298)
(188)
(640)
(170)
(1004)
(139)
(252)
(161)
(359)
(324)
(352)
(205)
(176)
(222)
(248)
(255)
(368)
(472)
(1187)
(411)
(1077)
(146)
(652)
(1388)
(1895)
(202)
(150)
(231)
(151)
(242)
(296)
(148)
(382)
(236)
(157)
(164)
(146)
(176)
(242)
(189)
(522)
(501)
(166)
(1357)
(184)
(211)
(154)
(309)
(146)
(165)
(151)
(209)
(248)
(144)
(1008)
(341)
(150)
(502)
(187)
(1209)
(147)
(158)
(1276)
(140)
(159)
(157)
(277)
(238)
(197)
(140)
(140)
(297)
(255)
(184)
(612)
(167)
(513)
(1398)
(218)
(513)
(140)
(172)
(462)
(347)
(1039)
(186)
(404)
(456)
(264)
(294)
(422)
(594)
(177)
(356)
(159)
(485)
(257)
(413)
(534)
(200)
(141)
(143)
(198)
(376)
(674)
(232)
(259)
(539)
(319)
(386)
(196)
(212)
(695)
(383)
(301)
(1268)
(266)
(184)
(171)
(248)
(164)
(142)
(170)
(139)
(179)
(249)
(149)
(463)
(404)
(353)
(514)
(1340)
(183)
(151)
(292)
(743)
(154)
(163)
(207)
(235)
(147)
(349)
(234)
(329)
(241)
(1462)
(251)
(715)
(141)
(888)
(303)
(556)
(1443)
(294)
(1645)
(151)
(381)
(1283)
(157)
(192)
(435)
(198)
(208)
(341)
(255)
(143)
(248)
(264)
(151)
(151)
(166)
(182)
(145)
(171)
(609)
(1293)
(184)
(367)
(153)
(159)
(263)
(320)
(247)
(146)
(264)
(179)
(164)
(407)
(158)
(759)
(224)
(297)
(630)
(252)
(630)
(412)
(162)
(532)
(257)
(600)
(231)
(1088)
(461)
(562)
(228)
(1122)
(1947)
(172)
(446)
(228)
(212)
(242)
(239)
(266)
(207)
(505)
(183)
(922)
(230)
(199)
(152)
(165)
(182)
(149)
(791)
(293)
(390)
(293)
(284)
(317)
(962)
(255)
(776)
(206)
(144)
(189)
(170)
(396)
(167)
(831)
(539)
(417)
(269)
(252)
(176)
(200)
(4750)
(539)
(204)
(382)
(315)
(306)
(322)
(887)
(909)
(643)
(2126)
(292)
(170)
(238)
(220)
(1354)
(2013)
(154)
(2582)
(3845)
(1020)
(820)
(200)
(206)
(149)
(263)
(235)
(569)
(671)
(671)
(1775)
(1305)
(537)
(325)
(208)
(676)
(496)
(239)
(677)
(211)
(897)
(373)
(221)
(222)
(204)
(251)
(254)
(192)
(145)
(143)
(173)
(169)
(359)
(239)
(192)
(204)
(407)
(396)
(169)
(531)
(310)
(205)
(739)
(161)
(334)
(383)
(233)
(422)
(168)
(360)
(265)
(252)
(188)
(400)
(306)
(189)
(312)
(230)
(184)
(159)
(195)
(217)
(1053)
(773)
(377)
(1795)
(488)
(491)
(505)
(218)
(381)
(671)
(140)
(288)
(971)
(218)
(220)
(567)
(197)
(287)
(617)
(437)
(1096)
(1300)
(343)
(387)
(256)
(177)
(790)
(295)
(206)
(175)
(215)
(157)
(172)
(512)
(301)
(315)
(155)
(198)
(287)
(246)
(174)
(476)
(160)
(201)
(199)
(173)
(245)
(4695)
(215)
(155)
(156)
(226)
(195)
(227)
(579)
(142)
(428)
(204)
(248)
(170)
(442)
(215)
(358)
(160)
(188)
(473)
(506)
(195)
(202)
(262)
(171)
(252)
(950)
(215)
(181)
(180)
(307)
(446)
(395)
(566)
(150)
(216)
(316)
(406)
(355)
(151)
(655)
(7051)
(2143)
(4695)
(297)
(567)
(433)
(184)
(248)
(169)
(598)
(282)
(307)
(138)
(223)
(816)
(421)
(2391)
(323)
(1058)
(160)
(321)
(157)
(314)
(247)
(141)
(207)
(158)
(213)
(139)
(168)
(162)
(279)
(296)
(254)
(157)
(755)
(231)
(158)
(446)
(242)
(285)
(516)
(436)
(780)
(1115)
(256)
(675)
(658)
(161)
(980)
(213)
(385)
(351)
(267)
(144)
(164)
(292)
(275)
(284)
(148)
(256)
(257)
(1140)
(181)
(391)
(148)
(256)
(147)
(213)
(200)
(256)
(257)
(310)
(162)
(465)
(539)
(201)
(524)
(170)
(267)
(2623)
(897)
(230)
(186)
(147)
(374)
(283)
(270)
(235)
(181)
(165)
(622)
(149)
(140)
(154)
(175)
(174)
(607)
(239)
(165)
(140)
(159)
(177)
(179)
(542)
(308)
(168)
(169)
(929)
(772)
(229)
(1006)
(630)
(2586)
(160)
(2421)
(190)
(232)
(166)
(540)
(534)
(419)
(362)
(443)
(154)
(340)
(546)
(1054)
(1105)
(284)
(186)
(806)
(487)
(247)
(281)
(146)
(159)
(468)
(765)
(272)
(456)
(925)
(1528)
(143)
(5913)
(793)
(163)
(1476)
(2180)
(1706)
(706)
(1626)
(154)
(320)
(347)
(1279)
(193)
(211)
(192)
(163)
(306)
(291)
(175)
(692)
(357)
(206)
(237)
(693)
(511)
(348)
(185)
(797)
(560)
(155)
(432)
(342)
(603)
(783)
(1072)
(1668)
(368)
(441)
(468)
(567)
(360)
(173)
(202)
(153)
(1300)
(397)
(467)
(259)
(139)
(139)
(334)
(207)
(681)
(666)
(3600)
(1958)
(1796)
(606)
(287)
(234)
(779)
(515)
(297)
(147)
(172)
(337)
(151)
(647)
(197)
(160)
(147)
(181)
(212)
(169)
(801)
(286)
(176)
(165)
(333)
(382)
(139)
(139)
(788)
(244)
(2240)
(206)
(160)
(205)
(333)
(142)
(167)
(182)
(251)
(254)
(942)
(795)
(1882)
(772)
(258)
(395)
(204)
(146)
(141)
(265)
(179)
(160)
(198)
(403)
(161)
(180)
(451)
(286)
(297)
(640)
(359)
(217)
(286)
(501)
(206)
(145)
(595)
(193)
(153)
(288)
(158)
(235)
(200)
(337)
(212)
(151)
(149)
(271)
(891)
(158)
(491)
(214)
(205)
(157)
(251)
(197)
(262)
(477)
(321)
(890)
(1260)
(689)
(374)
(173)
(179)
(193)
(338)
(345)
(222)
(197)
(399)
(403)
(350)
(875)
(438)
(193)
(141)
(150)
(456)
(597)
(808)
(339)
(820)
(2764)
(155)
(284)
(886)
(238)
(1382)
(509)
(755)
(207)
(331)
(265)
(242)
(217)
(421)
(181)
(435)
(274)
(259)
(139)
(274)
(188)
(177)
(426)
(863)
(453)
(935)
(397)
(152)
(213)
(195)
(200)
(755)
(240)
(156)
(346)
(202)
(1076)
(500)
(749)
(2984)
(257)
(490)
(2354)
(256)
(2266)
(3410)
(171)
(139)
(374)
(154)
(241)
(235)
(177)
(146)
(299)
(1046)
(217)
(1117)
(358)
(805)
(1392)
(450)
(349)
(210)
(195)
(2895)
(310)
(2135)
(3340)
(1486)
(159)
(2410)
(1328)
(1082)
(325)
(1464)
(192)
(310)
(745)
(142)
(310)
(421)
(200)
(616)
(235)
(233)
(164)
(210)
(222)
(860)
(352)
(452)
(260)
(325)
(303)
(220)
(254)
(339)
(713)
(414)
(147)
(265)
(240)
(177)
(226)
(194)
(299)
(580)
(201)
(484)
(629)
(246)
(589)
(209)
(328)
(696)
(1124)
(3487)
(934)
(198)
(193)
(139)
(1816)
(490)
(1276)
(434)
(306)
(258)
(238)
(258)
(157)
(262)
(144)
(139)
(285)
(476)
(292)
(886)
(415)
(353)
(207)
(152)
(1273)
(633)
(625)
(3806)
(290)
(210)
(929)
(3633)
(461)
(329)
(593)
(244)
(160)
(739)
(613)
(452)
(1676)
(311)
(468)
(266)
(146)
(412)
(155)
(1271)
(208)
(199)
(904)
(376)
(245)
(318)
(163)
(184)
(146)
(178)
(234)
(222)
(589)
(159)
(139)
(182)
(184)
(224)
(314)
(336)
(162)
(2995)
(2063)
(197)
(474)
(174)
(431)
(313)
(1921)
(1555)
(144)
(3037)
(255)
(1869)
(236)
(1775)
(3135)
(919)
(951)
(2126)
(180)
(4163)
(372)
(247)
(171)
(506)
(1577)
(626)
(336)
(178)
(225)
(203)
(177)
(158)
(228)
(198)
(193)
(327)
(182)
(156)
(240)
0 of 1000
(1)
(1)
(1)
0 of 3
Showing 1661 - 1680 of 83631 results
  • Viewpoint Can qPCR Replace the Standard Plaque Assay in the ASTM F1671 to Assess Personal Protective Equipment Barrier Performance
    Viewpoint: Can qPCR Replace the Standard Plaque Assay in the ASTM F1671 to Assess Personal Protective Equipment Barrier Performance?
    Di Giuseppe M ;
    Fisher EM
    2024/06/07 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Personal protective equipment (PPE) is an important measure within the infection prevention hierarchy of controls to protect the wearer from hazards, including potentially harmful pathogens. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at constant risk of exposure to pathogens and acquiring infections. Also, public safety workers such as firefighters and emergenc ...
    Public Domain
  • Exposure to Emissions Generated by 3-Dimensional Printing with Polycarbonate Affects Vascular Morphology and Expression of Markers of Oxidative Stress and Vascular Dysfunction in Cardiac Tissue (Dataset)
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
    2024/06/07 | NIOSH Data | PDF
    Health Effects Laboratory Division (HELD). Physical Effects Research Branch (PERB)
    Download the Dataset decsribed here from Data.cdc.gov at https://doi.org/10.26616/NIOSHRD-1085-2024-0.Three-dimensional (3D) printing is increasingly being used in manufacturing settings, homes and schools. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printers are the most widely used systems with standard thermoplastics such as acrylonitrile butadiene styre ...
    Dataset Public Domain
  • Safe Operations of Construction Robots on HumanRobot Collaborative Construction Sites
    Safe Operations of Construction Robots on Human-Robot Collaborative Construction Sites
    Cheng MH ;
    Dominguez EG
    2024/06/03 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Construction robots have become essential tools on a variety of jobsites. These devices can be revolutionary tools for improving construction efficiency and reducing musculoskeletal disorders and traumatic injuries. However, this innovative technology comes with corresponding dangers and hazards if a robot is not operated properly. Construction wor ...
    Public Domain
  • TERTIndependent Telomere Elongation and Shelterin Dysregulation After Pulmonary Exposure to StainlessSteel Welding Fume InVivo
    TERT-Independent Telomere Elongation and Shelterin Dysregulation After Pulmonary Exposure to Stainless-Steel Welding Fume In-Vivo
    Abadin H ;
    Antonini JM
    2024/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Telomeres are inert DNA sequences (TTAGGG) at the end of chromosomes that protect genetic information and maintain DNA integrity. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that telomere alteration can be closely related to occupational exposure and the development of various disease conditions, including cancer. However, the functions and underlying molec ...
    Public Domain Peer Reviewed
  • LowCost Interventions to Improve Ventilation in LongTerm Care Facilities
    Low-Cost Interventions to Improve Ventilation in Long-Term Care Facilities
    Cohen MA ;
    Croteau, Gerry
    2024/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Residents of long-term care facilities are particularly vulnerable to communicable diseases. Low-cost interventions to increase air exchange rates (AERs) may be useful in reducing the transmission of airborne communicable diseases between long-term care residents and staff. In this study, carbon dioxide gas was used as a tracer to evaluate the AER ...
    Peer Reviewed
  • NIOSH eNews Volume 22 Number 2 June 2024
    NIOSH eNews: Volume 22, Number 2, June 2024
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
    June 2024 | NIOSH eNews
    No Description
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • In Their Own Words A Qualitative Survey of Healthcare Providers Experiences with Personal Protective Equipment During the COVID19 Pandemic
    In Their Own Words: A Qualitative Survey of Healthcare Providers’ Experiences with Personal Protective Equipment During the COVID-19 Pandemic
    Becene I ;
    Berrill J
    2024/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: At the beginning of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, healthcare personnel (HCP) faced a dire shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE). This shortage has been identified as a major source of distress among HCP during the early COVID-19 pandemic, though the specific consequences of this shortage have not been identified ...
    Peer Reviewed
  • Fabrication Guide McElroyCatchot Model 505 Winch Guard
    Fabrication Guide: McElroy/Catchot Model 505 Winch Guard
    Alexander J ;
    Kloczko D
    2024/06/01 | NIOSH Numbered Publications
    Unguarded drum winches are a common hazard on side-trawl shrimp vessels. Entanglement in an unguarded winch can result in serious and even fatal injuries to commercial shrimp fishermen. NIOSH addressed the unique entanglement hazards associated with the main drum winches on shrimp vessels by developing static winch guards for these mechanically-dri ...
    Public Domain
  • Longitudinal Changes in Lung Function Following Post911 Military Deployment in Symptomatic Veterans
    Longitudinal Changes in Lung Function Following Post-9/11 Military Deployment in Symptomatic Veterans
    Krefft SD ;
    Rose CS
    2024/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Rationale: Exposure to burn pit smoke, desert and combat dust, and diesel exhaust during military deployment to Southwest Asia and Afghanistan (SWA) can cause deployment-related respiratory diseases (DRRDs) and may confer risk for worsening lung function after return. Methods: Study subjects were SWA-deployed veterans who underwent occupational lun ...
    Peer Reviewed
  • Characterization of Respirable Coal Mine Dust Recovered from Fibrous Polyvinyl Chloride Filters by Scanning Electron Microscopy
    Characterization of Respirable Coal Mine Dust Recovered from Fibrous Polyvinyl Chloride Filters by Scanning Electron Microscopy
    Afrouz SG ;
    Greth A
    2024/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    The characterization of respirable dust on the basis of constituent fractions and particle sizes is increasingly of concern for evaluating exposure hazards. For high-resolution particle analysis, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) can be an effective tool. However, it requires particles to be deposited on a smooth, ...
    Peer Reviewed
  • Scoping Review of Workplace Mental Health and WellBeing Programs in Higher Education Institutions
    Scoping Review of Workplace Mental Health and Well-Being Programs in Higher Education Institutions
    Coats SF ;
    Davis MF
    2024/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Objective: The study aimed to conduct a scoping review of stressors in higher education institutions (HEIs), exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify successful interventions. Methods: We reviewed 79 studies published between January 2020 and January 2023. Results: Stressors were organized into psychosocial, organizational, and environ ...
    Peer Reviewed
  • WorkHealth Conflict Among Breast Cancer Survivors Associations with Cancer SelfManagement Quality of Life and Anticipated Turnover
    Work-Health Conflict Among Breast Cancer Survivors: Associations with Cancer Self-Management, Quality of Life, and Anticipated Turnover
    Austin HL ;
    Bellizzi KM
    2024/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Breast cancer and its treatment can affect a survivor's work role, potentially resulting in job loss or work withdrawal. Survivors are encouraged to adopt self-management behaviors as part of their health role to minimize treatment after-effects, prevent cancer recurrence, and improve health-related quality of life. We examined work-health conflict ...
    Peer Reviewed
  • Advanced SubjectSpecific Neck Musculoskeletal Modeling Unveils Sex Differences in Muscle Moment Arm and Cervical Spine Loading
    Advanced Subject-Specific Neck Musculoskeletal Modeling Unveils Sex Differences in Muscle Moment Arm and Cervical Spine Loading
    Reddy C ;
    Yin W
    2024/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Neck muscle size and strength have been linked to lower injury risk and reduced pain. However, prior findings have been inconclusive and have failed to clarify whether there are sex differences in neck muscle size-strength relationships. Such differences may point to an underlying cause for the reported sex difference in neck pain prevalence. Thirt ...
    Peer Reviewed
  • Total Worker Health in Action June 2024
    Total Worker Health in Action! ; June 2024
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
    June 2024 | Total Worker Health in Action!
    No Description
    Public Domain
  • Suicide PreventionRelated Google Searches and Subsequent Emergency Department Visits in California and Arizona 20072015
    Suicide Prevention-Related Google Searches and Subsequent Emergency Department Visits in California and Arizona, 2007–2015
    Catalano R ;
    Colbeth HL
    2024/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Introduction: United States emergency departments (ED) visit rates for nonfatal self-harm increased by 42% from 2001 to 2016. Previous suicide mortality research has provided conflicting evidence on the use of suicide-related Internet searches as a surveillance tool for self-harm and suicidal ideation. However, few have used rigorous approaches to ...
    Peer Reviewed
  • Creating Shared Perspectives for Worker WellBeing A Community HealthFocused Certificate in Total Worker Health
    Creating Shared Perspectives for Worker Well-Being: A Community Health-Focused Certificate in Total Worker Health®
    Ahonen E ;
    Schaefer C
    2024/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Objectives: This study aimed to highlight the utility of a new certificate program in Total Worker Health® (TWH) designed for health professionals in other community health settings (OCHS). Methods: Stakeholder needs assessment, priority setting, and comparison with existing core competencies in TWH approaches were performed to identify learning ob ...
    Peer Reviewed
  • Lack of Association of Impaired Upper Airway Sensation with the Presence or Absence of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea or Chronic Rhinosinusitis in World Trade Center Responders
    Lack of Association of Impaired Upper Airway Sensation with the Presence or Absence of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea or Chronic Rhinosinusitis in World Trade Center Responders
    Ayappa I ;
    Black K
    2024/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Objective: Examine sensory function of the upper airway in four groups of subjects recruited from the World Trade Centre General Responder Cohort (WTCGRC), with/without obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), and with/without chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Methods: Upper airway sensory function was determined using 2-point discrimination (2-PD) and vibratio ...
    Peer Reviewed
  • Thyroid Hormones and Diabetes in Euthyroid HispanicLatino Adults of Diverse Backgrounds HCHSSOL
    Thyroid Hormones and Diabetes in Euthyroid Hispanic/Latino Adults of Diverse Backgrounds: HCHS/SOL
    Abasilim C ;
    Agarwal S
    2024/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Context: Previous studies have demonstrated associations of endogenous thyroid hormones with diabetes; less is known about stages of diabetes development at which they are operative, mechanisms of associations, and the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Objective: This study examined associations of thyroid hormones with incident pred ...
    Peer Reviewed
  • Trends in Workplace Homicides in the US 19942021 An End to Years of Decline
    Trends in Workplace Homicides in the U.S., 1994–2021: An End to Years of Decline
    Collins JW ;
    Gomes HL
    2024/06/01 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Workplace and non-workplace homicides in the United States (U.S.) have declined for over 30 years until recently. This study was conducted to address the change in trends for both workplace and non-workplace homicides and to evaluate the homogeneity of the change in workplace homicides by specified categories. Joinpoint and autoregressive models we ...
    Public Domain Peer Reviewed
  • Evaluation of Occupational Exposures and Indoor Environmental Quality in an Underground Cavern Workplace
    Evaluation of Occupational Exposures and Indoor Environmental Quality in an Underground Cavern Workplace
    Brueck, Scott E. ;
    Hammond, Duane R.
    2024/06/01 | Health Hazard Evaluation Reports (HHE)
    An employer representative of a warehouse facility, located in a former underground limestone quarry, requested a health hazard evaluation concerning employees' exposures to carbon monoxide, wood dust and other airborne particles, noise, and radon. During our visits, we (1) observed work processes, practices, and workplace conditions, and spoke wit ...
    Public Domain
1661 - 1680 / 83631
 Was this page helpful?
 Found an issue?
Send us an email at: publishinghd@cdc.gov