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Infectious Diseases

CDC Stacks Public Health Publications

An illness caused by an infectious agent or its toxins that occurs through the direct or indirect transmission of the infectious agent or its products from an infected individual or via an animal, vector or the inanimate environment to a susceptible animal or human host. Examples include, but are not limited to, Influenza; COVID-19; HIV; Avian Flu; Mpox; Anthrax, and others.

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Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Report: Emerging Infections Program Network: Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1997

National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (U.S.). Division of Bacterial Diseases ...

1999/05/03 | Emerging Infections Program Network ABCs

ABCs Areas: California (San Francisco County); Connecticut; Georgia (20 county Atlanta area); Maryland (6 county Baltimore area); Minnesota (7 county Twin Cities area); Oregon (3 county Portland area); Tennessee (5 urban counties)ABCs Population: The surveillance areas represent 16,073,596 persons. Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1997ABCs Case D ...

Public Domain

Title : Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Report: Emerging Infections Program Network: Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1997 Corporate Authors(s) : National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (U.S.). Division of Bacterial Diseases;Emerging Infections Program Network; Published Date : 1999/05/03 Pages in Document : 1 pdf page Series : Emerging Infections Program Network ABCs URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/56030 National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (U.S.). Division of Bacterial Diseases (1999). Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Report: Emerging Infections Program Network: Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1997. National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (U.S.). Division of Bacterial Diseases "Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Report: Emerging Infections Program Network: Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1997" (1999) National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (U.S.). Division of Bacterial Diseases "Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Report: Emerging Infections Program Network: Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1997" , 1999 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Statistics A2 - National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (U.S.). Division of Bacterial Diseases A2 - Emerging Infections Program Network AB - ABCs Areas: California (San Francisco County); Connecticut; Georgia (20 county Atlanta area); Maryland (6 county Baltimore area); Minnesota (7 county Twin Cities area); Oregon (3 county Portland area); Tennessee (5 urban counties) AB - ABCs Population: The surveillance areas represent 16,073,596 persons. Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1997 AB - ABCs Case Definition: Invasive pneumococcal disease: isolation of Streptococcus pneumoniae from normally sterile site in resident of a surveillance area in 1997. AB - Apr99 File-3May1999 AB - Publication date from document properties. AB - spneu97.pdf AN - cdc:56030 CY - Atlanta, GA KW - Bacterial Infections KW - Communicable Diseases, Emerging KW - Disease Notification KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Streptococcus Pneumoniae KW - Bacterial Infections KW - Communicable Diseases, Emerging KW - Disease Notification KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Streptococcus Pneumoniae LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1999/05/03 T3 - Emerging Infections Program Network ABCs TI - Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Report: Emerging Infections Program Network: Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1997 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/56030 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1998

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) ...

1999/01/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

<b>Commentary:</b> During 1998, 48,269 persons were reported with AIDS, more than half (57%) from the states of New York, Florida, New Jersey, California, and Texas. A total of 688,200 persons have been reported with AIDS since the beginning of the epidemic. In 1997, the most recent full year for which estimates of the numbers of persons living wit ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1998 Corporate Authors(s) : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.);National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention — Surveillance and Epidemiology;Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section;Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Statistics and Data Management Branch; Published Date : 1999/01/01 Pages in Document : 43 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/35001 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) (1999). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1998. 10(2). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1998" 10, no. 2 (1999) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1998" vol. 10, no. 2, 1999 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) A2 - National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention — Surveillance and Epidemiology A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Statistics and Data Management Branch AB - <b>Commentary:</b> During 1998, 48,269 persons were reported with AIDS, more than half (57%) from the states of New York, Florida, New Jersey, California, and Texas. A total of 688,200 persons have been reported with AIDS since the beginning of the epidemic. In 1997, the most recent full year for which estimates of the numbers of persons living with AIDS are available (because of the lag time needed to take reporting delays into account, see technical notes), an estimated 270,841 persons were living with AIDS, a 12% increase from 1996. The number of persons living with AIDS increased as a result of improved survival for AIDS patients who were receiving treatment and substantial decreases in the number of deaths in 1997. AB - Between 1992 and 1997, the number of persons living with AIDS increased in all groups, as a result of the 1993 expanded AIDS case definition and more recently, improved survival. The characteristics of persons living with AIDS have changed, reflecting changes in the populations affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Women accounted for 13.8% of persons living with AIDS in 1992, compared with 19.1% in 1997. By the end of 1997, the number of blacks living with AIDS, which increased from 32.7% of persons living with AIDS in 1992 to 39.2% in 1997, was almost identical to the number of whites living with AIDS. Persons living in the South accounted for 33.6% of cases in 1992 and 36.7% in 1997, and persons living in the Northeast accounted for 28.3% in 1992 and 30.3% in 1997; the proportion living in the West declined from 23.8% to 20.4%. The characteristics of persons living with AIDS (sex, age, race/ethnicity) as of the end of 1997 in all states and metropolitan statistical areas were published in a supplemental report in February 1999, the first in a series of reports intended to provide additional data on selected topics. This report can be accessed at http://www.cdc.gov/nchstp/hiv_aids/ stats/hasrsupp.htm. AB - In the 33 states and territories that report HIV infection, 19,393 persons with HIV infection but not AIDS were reported during 1998. In addition, 1,871 persons were reported first with HIV and then with AIDS during 1998; for this report these persons are counted only once as AIDS cases. In these same states, a total of 97,962 persons are reported as living with HIV infection (table 1); that is, as of the end of 1998, they are not known to have AIDS or to have died. Because not all HIV-infected persons have been tested, the number of persons reported to be living with HIV represents a minimum estimate of the number of persons living with HIV infection. Differences among states in the relative proportion of prevalent cases reported as HIV compared to AIDS (table 1) are the result of many factors: they may reflect variations in testing patterns, access to care, and survival; differences in the distribution of affected populations in terms of sex, race, and risk; and differences in the stage of the epidemic. In addition, factors related to the implementation of HIV reporting, such as the date of implementation and whether prevalent HIV cases were reportable at implementation, also affect these proportions. For example, the recent implementation of HIV reporting in Florida and New Mexico, initiated in July 1997 and January 1998, respectively, accounts for the low number of persons reported as living with HIV infection compared with the number reported as living with AIDS. AB - HIV reporting data are increasingly necessary to monitor the effect of the epidemic because of the therapies that have reduced AIDS incidence. By the end of 1998, 29 states and the Virgin Islands had implemented the confidential name-based reporting of HIV infection in adolescents and adults; three additional states report pediatric HIV infection only. States that have initiated confidential name-based HIV reporting in the past 2 years are Florida, Iowa, New Mexico, and Virgin Islands; Alaska, New York, and Texas are beginning HIV case surveillance in 1999. Although AIDS incidence can no longer provide unbiased information on HIV incidence patterns as it has in the past, because of the effect of potent antiretroviral therapies, the monitoring of AIDS incidence nonetheless remains critical. Persons reported with AIDS increasingly represent persons whose diagnosis was too late for them to benefit from treatments, persons who either did not seek or had no access to care, or persons for whom treatment failed. Monitoring this population remains of the utmost importance, and supplemental studies will be needed to determine the reasons for continued AIDS incidence. AB - Historically, AIDS incidence data have served as the basis for assessing needs for prevention and treatment programs. Because of the effect of treatment on AIDS incidence, incidence is no longer the most appropriate means of describing the needs of different populations, as areas that are providing care effectively would seem to need fewer resources. AIDS prevalence, rather than AIDS incidence, provides a more accurate measure of the number of persons who require treatment resources because it reflects the total number of persons living with AIDS. AIDS prevalence too, however, will increasingly underestimate the number of persons in care. Because AIDS will not develop in a growing number of HIV-infected persons as they benefit from new therapies, all states should conduct surveillance for persons with a diagnosis of HIV infection as well as those with a diagnosis of AIDS. However, until such data are available, AIDS prevalence will remain the best measure of the impact of the epidemic, and the most accurate, equitable means of estimating the need for patient services. AB - The effect of treatment on AIDS incidence and the shift in emphasis from AIDS to HIV require new ways of thinking about surveillance data. With respect to AIDS data, year-to-year changes reflect differences in the historic pattern of HIV infection and differences in access to, and utilization of, care; comparisons among groups must take both these factors into account. With respect to HIV surveillance data, reports of diagnosis of HIV infection bear little relationship to the actual time of infection, with the exception of young persons or persons for whom a proxy measure of recency of infection, such as a high CD4+T-lymphocyte count, is available. Information such as CD4+ T-lymphocyte count at the initial diagnosis of HIV infection on a representative sample of persons can be used to estimate the proportion of new HIV diagnoses that represent recent HIV infections. Until such information is available, the number and characteristics of persons living with diagnosed HIV infection and those living with AIDS will be helpful in planning for prevention, treatment, and other services needed to further reduce transmission and to improve survival and quality of life for infected persons. AB - The dramatic decreases in pediatric AIDS clearly demonstrate that the Public Health Service guidelines for zidovudine use during pregnancy and for the counseling and testing of pregnant women have been implemented and are decreasing the perinatal transmission of HIV. States that report pediatric exposure and HIV infection have been especially effective in monitoring the reasons for decreases in perinatal transmission. The swiftness of the decline has suggested that the goal of eliminating perinatal transmission of HIV may be attainable. Pediatric HIV and AIDS surveillance will play an increasingly important role in identifying populations of women in need of outreach and thus ensuring access to testing and treatment services for these women as well as to ensure that their infants will be healthy. AB - The next few years will represent a time of transition for HIV/AIDS surveillance. AIDS incidence will continue to be affected by therapy, but the full effect of new therapies on AIDS incidence is not yet known. At the same time, HIV surveillance is gradually being implemented by an increasing number of states. During this transition, the data on prevalence will probably be more useful than data on incidence for public health planning purposes while incidence data will probably be more useful in identifying populations that may require outreach to improve timely access to testing and treatment. To accurately describe affected populations, CDC plans to work closely with state surveillance programs and with the many users of the surveillance data to provide technical assistance in interpreting the data during this time of transition. AB - Publication date approximated. AN - cdc:35001 IS - 2 KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1999/01/01 T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1998 VL - 10 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/35001 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1998

National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention.

1998/07/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

<b>Commentary:</b> Through June 1998, 665,357 persons with AIDS have been reported to CDC. Continuing the pattern first observed from 1995 to 1996, AIDS incidence decreased again from 1996 to 1997. These decreases are mostly due to the effective therapies for HIV and AIDS that have altered the natural history of HIV infection, and slowed progressio ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1998 Corporate Authors(s) : National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Published Date : 1998/07/01 Pages in Document : 40 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/35000 Journal Title : HIV/AIDS surveillance National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. (1998). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1998. 10(1). National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1998" 10, no. 1 (1998) National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1998" vol. 10, no. 1, 1998 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. AB - <b>Commentary:</b> Through June 1998, 665,357 persons with AIDS have been reported to CDC. Continuing the pattern first observed from 1995 to 1996, AIDS incidence decreased again from 1996 to 1997. These decreases are mostly due to the effective therapies for HIV and AIDS that have altered the natural history of HIV infection, and slowed progression to AIDS. AIDS incidence increasingly represents persons who were not diagnosed with HIV infection until they developed AIDS, people who did not access treatment, or people for whom treatment failed. As a result, the ability of AIDS surveillance data to represent the characteristics of affected populations and project the need for prevention and treatment has diminished, and information from HIV infection surveillance in addition to AIDS is becoming increasingly important to monitor the epidemic. For this reason, starting with this edition of the HIV/ AIDS Surveillance Report, information from HIV infection and AIDS case surveillance are presented in an integrated format. AB - Although the HIV tables and the AIDS tables are now presented side-by-side (e.g., tables 5 and 6), they cannot be directly compared because the HIV tables represent only those states that currently report cases of HIV infection, whereas the AIDS tables represent all states. Differences in distribution of risk, for example, may reflect differences between the epidemics in states that report HIV and those that do not. In addition, HIV surveillance data should be interpreted with knowledge of local practices because they are influenced by the availability of HIV test facilities and the proportion of HIV-infected persons who seek or defer testing. CDC estimates that the majority of infected persons in the United States have been tested. The proportion of infected persons tested is expected to increase and the representativeness of the HIV data will increase accordingly. Persons are counted only once in the HIV/AIDS surveillance system; persons who are reported with HIV and with AIDS are counted only as AIDS cases. AB - The proportion of cases initially reported without risk information has increased, making it more difficult to interpret the risk information for recently reported cases. To compensate for this, selected tables include an adjustment for unreported risk, referred to in the tables as redistribution of risk. Recent AIDS incidence in some categories, especially heterosexual contact, will be under-estimated unless an adjustment is made. To make the data presented in tables 9, 11, and 13 more readily interpretable, these data are now presented with this adjustment in tables 20, 21, and 22. Because the adjustment is done according to year of diagnosis rather than year of report, tables 20, 21, and 22 represent persons diagnosed from January through December 1997, rather than persons reported from July 1997 through June 1998. Methods to estimate risk among HIV infection cases initially reported without risk are currently being developed. In future editions of the report, corresponding tables for HIV infection cases will be included. AB - Since 1994, this report has provided estimated trends in AIDS opportunistic illnesses (AIDS-OI) incidence. The procedure to estimate AIDS-OI incidence was developed to take into account the 1993 expansion of the case definition which temporarily distorted the AIDS incidence curve. By 1996 the temporary distortion had almost entirely waned and AIDS-OI incidence was similar to AIDS incidence. In addition, since the end of 1996, the incidence of AIDS-OIs can no longer be reliably estimated because data are not currently available to model the increasing effects of therapy on the rate of disease progression. As a result, this report presents trends in annual AIDS incidence starting in 1996, rather than estimated AIDSOIs. These changes in the method of monitoring trends do not affect pediatric AIDS incidence because the 1993 expansion of the AIDS case definition affected only adult/adolescent cases, not pediatric cases. Figure 11 shows pediatric AIDS incidence from 1992 to 1997. AB - Comparing AIDS incidence in 1997 to AIDS incidence in 1996 reveals decreases in all groups, with a 15% decrease overall. The decrease is smaller among women (8%) than men (16%). The smallest decreases were observed in the South (12%), among blacks (9%), and among persons infected through heterosexual contact (6% for women and 3% for men). Overall, the decreases are mostly related to use of new therapies, but differences in decreases among groups are principally influenced by the underlying pattern of HIV incidence. The groups that have experienced the greatest increases in AIDS in recent years, as a reflection of increased HIV infection in the preceding years, are those experiencing the smaller decreases in AIDS incidence now. AIDS deaths continue to decline as well, with a 42% decrease between 1996 and 1997. The decreases are greater among men than among women (44% and 32%, respectively), and are greatest in the West (51%), among whites (51%), and among men who have sex with men (49%). AB - Pediatric AIDS incidence continues to decrease, reflecting the successful implementation of U.S. Public Health Service guidelines for counseling and voluntary testing of pregnant women and for zidovudine use to reduce perinatal transmission. Trends in pediatric AIDS incidence and the impact of the implementation of the guidelines on testing and treatment of pregnant women have been published in recent MMWR articles. AB - In the 31 states that report cases of HIV infection, 17,311 persons with HIV infection and not AIDS were reported from July 1997 through June 1998. An additional 1,167 persons were reported twice during this 12-month period, first with HIV infection and later with AIDS; however, they are counted only once (as AIDS cases) in this report. Persons 13 to 24 years of age accounted for 15% of persons reported with HIV infection. Women accounted for 32% of all adult cases of HIV infection and for 49% of persons 13 to 24 years of age reported with HIV infection. Among men, blacks and Hispanics accounted for 60% of reported cases and among women, blacks and Hispanics accounted for 78% of reported cases. AB - As the emphasis of the report shifts, HIV data will be presented in new ways. In addition to estimating risk for those initially reported without risk information, trends in HIV diagnoses will also be presented. State and territorial health departments are placing increasing emphasis on HIV program activities, as well as AIDS, in order to be consistent with current public health recommendations for early voluntary testing, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV-infected persons. This report reflects the evolution of the surveillance system as it works towards meeting public health needs in a changing epidemic. AB - Publication date approximated. AN - cdc:35000 CY - Atlanta, GA IS - 1 J2 - HIV/AIDS surveillance KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1998/07/01 T2 - HIV/AIDS surveillance T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1998 VL - 10 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/35000 ER -
HIV Counseling and Testing in Publicly Funded Sites: 1996 Annual Report

National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention—Surveillance and Epidemiology ...

1998/05/01 | CDC-Funded HIV Testing

Overview, 1989-1996: The number of persons receiving HIV counseling and testing (CT) services at publicly funded sites increased markedly between 1989 and 1992. Since 1992, the number of tests has remained relatively stable; 2,623,873 tests were performed in 1996 (Figure 1). The number of HIV-positive test results peaked at 57,879 in 1991 and decre ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV Counseling and Testing in Publicly Funded Sites: 1996 Annual Report Corporate Authors(s) : National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention—Surveillance and Epidemiology;Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Published Date : 1998/05/01 Pages in Document : 28 pdf pages Series : CDC-Funded HIV Testing URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/11960 National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention—Surveillance and Epidemiology (1998). HIV Counseling and Testing in Publicly Funded Sites: 1996 Annual Report. National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention—Surveillance and Epidemiology "HIV Counseling and Testing in Publicly Funded Sites: 1996 Annual Report" (1998) National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention—Surveillance and Epidemiology "HIV Counseling and Testing in Publicly Funded Sites: 1996 Annual Report" , 1998 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention—Surveillance and Epidemiology A2 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) AB - Overview, 1989-1996: The number of persons receiving HIV counseling and testing (CT) services at publicly funded sites increased markedly between 1989 and 1992. Since 1992, the number of tests has remained relatively stable; 2,623,873 tests were performed in 1996 (Figure 1). The number of HIV-positive test results peaked at 57,879 in 1991 and decreased to 39,119 in 1996 (Figure 2). As a proportion of all test results, HIV-positive test results declined from 4.4% in 1989 to 1.5% in 1996. Similar trends were observed for most well-defined groups and sites that have more than 50,000 tests annually, including men and women, racial/ ethnic groups, testing sites, age groups, and risk/exposure groups. These findings are consistent with the observation that persons being tested are increasingly likely to have been tested previously and that those found to be HIV-positive tend not to seek repeat testing. The manner in which these data are collected does not allow analysis that would determine whether this decline reflects a true decline in the prevalence or the incidence of HIV infection. A few groups had small increases in the percentage of test results that were positive: prenatal/obstetric sites, uncategorized (.other.) health department sites, and the offices of private medical doctors. The increase at each of these sites was 0.1% between 1995 and 1996. AB - HIV Counseling and Testing Sites: The proportion of all tests performed in freestanding HIV CT sites declined from 36.8% in 1989 to 28.4% in 1996. Although freestanding CT sites continued to report the largest proportion of HIV-positive test results, this proportion declined from 48.6% in 1989 to 32.5% in 1996. Sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics reported 26.3% of all tests (Figure 3) and 25.0% of HIV-positive test results in 1996 (Figure 4). Drug treatment facilities and prisons accounted for a small proportion of all tests; however, a high proportion of test results at these sites were HIV-positive (2.6%, Table 1). The only site type with a higher percentage of positive test results was private MD/clinics (Table 1), where clients may be more likely to attend and be tested when symptoms develop that are suggestive of HIV infection. In family planning and prenatal/obstetric clinics, only 0.2% and 0.8% of all test results, respectively, were HIV-positive; nonetheless, these sites together reported 2,458 HIV-positive test results for women (6.3% of all positive tests reported). This percentage has increased substantially since 1994, particularly in prenatal/obstetric clinics, where the number of tests increased from 142,394 in 1994, to 159,874 in 1995 (12% increase) and to 211,552 in 1996 (32% increase). Positive test results in prenatal/ obstetric clinics increased from 632 in 1994 to 1,100 in 1995 (74% increase) and to 1,598 in 1996 (45% increase). This dramatic increase in testing is probably in response to recommendations for voluntary testing of pregnant women and treatment of infected women with antiretroviral therapy to prevent the perinatal transmission of HIV (CDC, 1995). AN - cdc:11960 KW - Counseling KW - HIV Infections / diagnosis KW - CDC-Funded HIV Testing KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Counseling KW - HIV Infections / diagnosis LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1998/05/01 T3 - CDC-Funded HIV Testing TI - HIV Counseling and Testing in Publicly Funded Sites: 1996 Annual Report UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/11960 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1997

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) ...

1998/01/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

<b>Commentary:</b> Through December 1997, 641,086 persons with AIDS have been reported to CDC (table 1). From 1995 to 1996, for the first time in the epidemic, the occurrence of AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses (AIDS-OIs) among infected persons (tables 18-20) and deaths among persons reported with AIDS (tables 21-23) decreased 7 percent and 25 ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1997 Corporate Authors(s) : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.);National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention — Surveillance and Epidemiology;Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section;Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Statistics and Data Management Branch; Published Date : 1998/01/01 Pages in Document : 43 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/34399 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) (1998). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1997. 9(2). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1997" 9, no. 2 (1998) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1997" vol. 9, no. 2, 1998 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) A2 - National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention — Surveillance and Epidemiology A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Statistics and Data Management Branch AB - <b>Commentary:</b> Through December 1997, 641,086 persons with AIDS have been reported to CDC (table 1). From 1995 to 1996, for the first time in the epidemic, the occurrence of AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses (AIDS-OIs) among infected persons (tables 18-20) and deaths among persons reported with AIDS (tables 21-23) decreased 7 percent and 25 percent, respectively. These declines were largely due to the increasing use of combination antiretroviral therapy including protease inhibitors. Perinatally-acquired AIDS incidence continued a pattern of marked decline (table 20), principally reflecting successful strategies to promote voluntary prenatal HIV testing and reduce transmission rates through the administration of zidovudine perinatally. These treatment advances have altered the natural history of HIV infection, contributed to an increase in the number of persons living with AIDS, and changed the shape of the epidemic curves (see cover). As therapy has improved the health and prospects for AIDS-free survival among HIV-infected persons who receive these new treatment regimens, the ability of AIDS surveillance data to represent the characteristics of affected populations and project the need for resources for prevention and treatment has been diminished. This edition of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report marks a transition in how CDC will present HIV infection and AIDS data depicting the epidemic. AB - AIDS surveillance data will no longer be adjusted to reflect the incidence of AIDS-OIs. The incidence of AIDS-OIs can no longer be estimated reliably because data are not currently available to model the increasing effects of therapy on the rate of disease progression. The procedure was developed to take into account the 1993 expansion of the AIDS case definition which had a temporary distorting effect on the AIDS incidence curve (see cover and technical notes). Because of these limitations, the estimates of AIDS-OI incidence in tables 18-20 will not be updated past the end of 1996. Instead, in future editions, CDC will publish estimates of AIDS incidence based on the incidence of all AIDS-defining conditions included in the 1993 AIDS surveillance case definition. AIDS data will remain useful as a measure of severe HIV-related morbidity in the population and to represent populations in which treatments have failed or those which were not tested or treated prior to a diagnosis of AIDS. AB - The proportion of AIDS and HIV infection cases initially reported without risk information has increased in recent years. Several factors have contributed to this increase, including the greater volume of cases after the change in the AIDS case definition in 1993, decreases in surveillance staff in some areas, and increases in heterosexual transmission to persons (especially women) without recognizable high-risk behaviors. In the past, areas that conducted both HIV infection and AIDS case reporting prioritized the completion of risk information for AIDS rather than HIV infection cases. Because of delays in completing these data, trends in incidence, deaths, and prevalence by risk/exposure category (tables 20, 23, 26) are presented using an estimation procedure that imputes risk for cases initially reported without risk information. The procedure is based on historical patterns of reclassification after epidemiologic follow up (figure 7). However, tables that present characteristics of reported AIDS cases (tables 3-8, 15, 17) and of reported HIV infection cases (tables 28-31) are not adjusted for delays in reporting risk/exposure data. The high percentage of recent cases that have no reported risk poses difficulties in interpreting the meaning of the proportionate distribution of cases by risk groups. No longer is it possible to compare differences in proportions by risk group for the current year to the previous year without estimating how the cases without risk information will eventually be reclassified. Therefore, in future editions of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report, tables that present risk data for HIV infection and AIDS cases will be revised to include adjustments for unreported risk in order to enable readers of the report to infer recent trends by risk group. AB - The trend data for AIDS-OI incidence, deaths, and prevalence shown in tables 18-26 are adjusted for delays in reporting of cases and deaths (see Technical Notes). These adjustments have been routinely applied when presenting trends in AIDS surveillance data for many years, but not for HIV infection surveillance data. HIV infection case surveillance data are currently reported from most, but not all states (table 27) and the HIV infection and AIDS case reporting systems in these areas were only fully integrated in late 1993. Based on several years experience with delays in reporting of HIV infection cases, delay adjustments for these data have been developed recently. In future editions of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report, trends in the number of new diagnoses of HIV infection will be presented using these adjustment procedures to enable readers of the report to interpret more recent trends in the epidemic than are reflected in AIDS surveillance data. AB - Most states and metropolitan statistical areas reported a decrease in the number of AIDS cases reported in 1997 compared to the number reported in 1996 (tables 1 and 2). Whereas HIV infection and AIDS incidence are unaffected by surveillance practices, the reporting of HIV infection and AIDS cases to state and territorial health departments can be affected by changes in staffing patterns, evaluation studies which may identify previously unreported cases, or other changes in state or local reporting practices. In addition to these effects, antiretroviral treatments are changing the types of facilities where infected persons may be diagnosed and treated. Reporting areas are experiencing a shift in AIDS case reporting from hospital inpatient to outpatient settings. Areas that rely principally on case finding in hospitals may be missing cases. To ensure that persons eligible to be reported as HIV infection or AIDS cases are accurately represented in the surveillance data, it is increasingly important that states and territories implement uniform laboratory reporting methods to ascertain AIDS cases that meet immunologic criteria and HIV infection cases for those states that conduct HIV infection case reporting. To interpret unusual patterns in the number of cases reported in some geographic areas, readers of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report should consult the surveillance staff of the appropriate state or territorial health department. AB - Since the beginning of the epidemic, CDC has published data on the number and characteristics of AIDS cases reported to CDC by state and territorial health departments. Initially, data were published weekly to help track this previously unrecognized and rapidly burgeoning health threat. Epidemiologic data quickly identified the ways in which the epidemic was spreading and the populations that were at greatest risk of HIV infection. With an increasing number of cases, detecting changes in geographic, demographic, and risk/exposure trends required longer periods of time, and the AIDS data publication schedule was revised to monthly, then quarterly, then semiannually. The ability of AIDS surveillance data to accurately depict the distribution and characteristics of affected populations led to a reliance on these data to describe the epidemic, identify populations in need of HIV prevention programs, and target and allocate resources for medical and other services for infected persons. However, because treatments have affected AIDS incidence rates among infected persons, CDC has stated that all states should implement HIV infection case surveillance as an extension of their AIDS surveillance programs. HIV diagnoses are not affected by treatment. Although all infected persons in the population may not seek or be offered HIV testing, the number of persons diagnosed with HIV infection together with AIDS diagnoses provides a reliable minimum estimate of the number and characteristics of persons who have accessed testing or care. CDC estimates that the majority of infected persons in the U.S. have been tested. The proportion tested among infected persons in the population is expected to increase. Accordingly, integrated HIV infection and AIDS case surveillance data will be useful in planning and evaluating prevention and treatment program needs and outcomes. AB - While the number and characteristics of reported cases of HIV infection and AIDS in this edition remain useful as a minimum estimate of the characteristics of persons in need of services and treatment, the HIV/ AIDS surveillance system must evolve to meet public health needs for data in a changing epidemic. CDC and state and territorial health departments are currently revising HIV infection and AIDS case finding and reporting methods, changing how surveillance data will be analyzed and presented, and shifting the focus of surveillance program activities from AIDS to HIV infection including AIDS in order to be consistent with current public health recommendations for early voluntary testing, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV-infected persons. AB - Publication date approximated. AN - cdc:34399 IS - 2 KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1998/01/01 T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1997 VL - 9 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/34399 ER -
HIV Counseling and Testing in Publicly Funded Sites: 1995 Annual Report

National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention—Surveillance and Epidemiology ...

1997/09/01 | CDC-Funded HIV Testing

Publicly funded counseling and HIV antibody testing services (i.e., services provided by state and local health departments with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] funding) were initiated in March 1985 to provide an alternative to blood donation as a means for high-risk persons to determine their HIV status. Counseling was considered ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV Counseling and Testing in Publicly Funded Sites: 1995 Annual Report Corporate Authors(s) : National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention—Surveillance and Epidemiology;Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Published Date : 1997/09/01 Pages in Document : 24 pdf pages Series : CDC-Funded HIV Testing URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/13382 National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention—Surveillance and Epidemiology (1997). HIV Counseling and Testing in Publicly Funded Sites: 1995 Annual Report. National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention—Surveillance and Epidemiology "HIV Counseling and Testing in Publicly Funded Sites: 1995 Annual Report" (1997) National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention—Surveillance and Epidemiology "HIV Counseling and Testing in Publicly Funded Sites: 1995 Annual Report" , 1997 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention—Surveillance and Epidemiology A2 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) AB - Publicly funded counseling and HIV antibody testing services (i.e., services provided by state and local health departments with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] funding) were initiated in March 1985 to provide an alternative to blood donation as a means for high-risk persons to determine their HIV status. Counseling was considered essential to address the accuracy and consequences of the test and was designed to help persons interpret the meaning of positive or negative antibody test results. HIV tests funded by CDC are routinely offered with pre- and posttest counseling. In 1987, emphasis was placed on risk-reduction counseling (CDC, 1987; Rugg, MacGowan, Stark, & Swanson, 1991). Since then, standards and guidelines for counseling, testing, and referral have been revised to promote a client-centered model (CDC, 1994). These services became an integral part of HIV prevention programs, and the HIV Counseling and Testing System was developed to monitor them. The figures and tables in this report are based on data sent to CDC through June 30, 1996. Tables 1-7 include data collected from January through December 1995. The record format for each reporting area is indicated in Table 6. AN - cdc:13382 KW - Counseling KW - HIV Infections / diagnosis KW - CDC-Funded HIV Testing KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Counseling KW - HIV Infections / diagnosis LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1997/09/01 T3 - CDC-Funded HIV Testing TI - HIV Counseling and Testing in Publicly Funded Sites: 1995 Annual Report UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/13382 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1997

National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention.

1997/07/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

<b>Notice to readers:</b> This issue of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report includes six new tables and a figure. Tables 16 through 18 present estimated deaths of persons with AIDS. Tables 19 through 21 present estimates of persons living with AIDS. Figure 6 presents the estimated incidence of AIDS, AIDS-opportunistic illnesses, and deaths of persons ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1997 Corporate Authors(s) : National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Published Date : 1997/07/01 Pages in Document : 37 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/34400 Journal Title : HIV/AIDS surveillance National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. (1997). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1997. 9(1). National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1997" 9, no. 1 (1997) National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1997" vol. 9, no. 1, 1997 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. AB - <b>Notice to readers:</b> This issue of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report includes six new tables and a figure. Tables 16 through 18 present estimated deaths of persons with AIDS. Tables 19 through 21 present estimates of persons living with AIDS. Figure 6 presents the estimated incidence of AIDS, AIDS-opportunistic illnesses, and deaths of persons with AIDS. See <b>Commentary:</b>. AB - <b>Commentary:</b> In addition to the importance of HIV/AIDS surveillance data for tracking and forecasting trends in the epidemic, data on the number of persons reported with AIDS are used to target and allocate resources for prevention and treatment services. Some of the tables and figures presented in the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report include counts of cases (e.g., tables 1-3, 22; figures 3-5) which represent the number of individuals reported with AIDS or HIV infection. The number of cases reported cumulatively or during a recent time period indicates the size and characteristics of the populations affected by the epidemic and the distribution and impact of HIV/AIDS nationally. AB - Through June 30, 1997, a cumulative total of 612,078 persons with AIDS were reported to CDC by state and territorial health departments (table 1). Of these, 84 percent were adult/adolescent men, 15 percent were adult/adolescent women, and 1 percent were children (under 13 years of age). Of adults/adolescents reported during the last 12 months (July 1996–June 1997), 36 percent were white, 43 percent were black, and 20 percent were Hispanic. Men who have sex with men accounted for the largest proportion of reported cases (38 percent). Among 609 children reported in the last 12 months, 15 percent were white, 63 percent were black, and 21 percent were Hispanic (table 6). Over 90 percent of these children were infected perinatally. In addition, 29 states that conduct HIV case surveillance of adults, adolescents, and/or children reported 86,972 persons who were diagnosed with HIV (excluding persons tested anonymously) but not yet diagnosed with AIDS (table 22). The demographic and risk/exposure characteristics of reported cases of AIDS and HIV are presented in tables 1-12 and 22-28. AB - Many factors affect the number of cases of HIV or AIDS that will be reported to CDC in any given time period. Current and historic HIV transmission patterns, patterns of HIV testing and access to care, the impact of therapy on the course of HIV disease, and variations in surveillance practices over time or from one jurisdiction to another are factors that affect the interpretation of surveillance case report data. AB - Tables 16-21 and figure 6 have been added to this edition of the surveillance report to more fully represent current trends in the epidemic. In addition to the estimated numbers of cases diagnosed with AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses (AIDS-OIs) presented in tables 13-15, this report includes estimated numbers of deaths of persons reported with AIDS, and estimates of the prevalence of AIDS. CDC has received requests for data describing trends in AIDS prevalence and deaths. These data are of interest as a measure of the impact of antiretroviral therapy on AIDS trends. Because they do not represent actual counts of persons with AIDS who were reported to CDC, the estimates are presented as rounded numbers in the tables. AB - In 1996, the estimated number of persons diagnosed with an AIDS-OI decreased for the first time, from 61,300 estimated cases in 1995 to 57,200 in 1996 (tables 13-15). The actual decrease in AIDS-OI incidence is likely to be greater than the estimated decrease in this report. The estimates of AIDS-OI incidence are based on the estimates of disease progression rates among persons enrolled in CDC’s Adult/adolescent Spectrum of Disease Project, but there are not yet sufficient data to estimate the effects of the use of recently available antiretroviral treatments. Also for the first time in 1996, the estimated deaths among persons with AIDS declined to 39,200 from 50,700 in 1995 (tables 16-18). The cumulative number of persons estimated to have been diagnosed with AIDS based on the 1993 case definition and who have not been reported as deceased (i.e., the estimated number of prevalent AIDS cases or persons who are living with AIDS), continued to increase, from 215,000 estimated cases in 1995 to 239,000 cases in 1996 (tables 19-21). AB - The estimates are derived from models which adjust surveillance data to account for delays in reporting cases to CDC and for changes in the AIDS case definition over time. Estimates of AIDS incidence and deaths are not adjusted for incomplete reporting. To illustrate how these estimates are used to monitor trends, figure 6 presents three estimated incidence curves. The top curve represents the number of cases diagnosed with AIDS using the 1993 definition criteria after adjustments for reporting delays. It represents the distribution of all cases diagnosed with AIDS and illustrates the distorting effect of the change in the case definition. The middle curve represents the estimated number of cases diagnosed with AIDS-OIs and accounts for the change in case definition and reporting delays. It shows the gradual slowing in the growth of the epidemic during the mid-1990's and the recent decline in AIDS-OI incidence using consistent diagnostic criteria over time. The bottom curve represents the reported number of deaths of persons with AIDS using the 1993 case definition after adjustments for reporting delays. It shows the substantial recent decline in deaths of persons with AIDS. The convergence of the top and middle curves in figure 6 illustrates that the temporary distorting effect that the expansion of the AIDS surveillance case definition had on temporal trends has waned. In the near future, it will no longer be necessary to adjust for the effect of the 1993 expanded case definition when presenting estimated numbers of AIDS cases diagnosed in a given year or when comparing trends in diagnoses over time, from approximately 1996 forward. AB - The estimation procedures and the sources of data included in the models are described in the Technical Notes of this report. Because the analysis and interpretation of surveillance data require an understanding of how the data are collected, reported, and analyzed, as well as their uses and limitations, readers of this report are encouraged to review the Technical Notes and consult the references listed under Suggested Reading. AB - Publication date approximated. AN - cdc:34400 CY - Atlanta, GA IS - 1 J2 - HIV/AIDS surveillance KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1997/07/01 T2 - HIV/AIDS surveillance T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1997 VL - 9 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/34400 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1996

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) ...

1997/01/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

<b>Notice to readers:</b> This issue of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report initiates the following additions/changes: (1) Table 12 (year-end edition only) now separates data on AIDS-indicator conditions into (a) those adults/adolescents reported with severe HIV-related immunosuppression as their only AIDS-indicator condition and (b) adults/adolescent ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1996 Corporate Authors(s) : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.);National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention;Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section;Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Statistics and Data Management Branch; Published Date : 1997/01/01 Pages in Document : 40 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/34401 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) (1997). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1996. 8(2). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1996" 8, no. 2 (1997) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1996" vol. 8, no. 2, 1997 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) A2 - National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Statistics and Data Management Branch AB - <b>Notice to readers:</b> This issue of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report initiates the following additions/changes: (1) Table 12 (year-end edition only) now separates data on AIDS-indicator conditions into (a) those adults/adolescents reported with severe HIV-related immunosuppression as their only AIDS-indicator condition and (b) adults/adolescents reported with other AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses. The percentages for individual AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses are based upon the number of adults/adolescents with at least one of the illnesses, rather than upon the total number of reported adult/adolescent cases. (2) Rate calculations for (a) the U.S. Pacific Islands, (b) the Asian/Pacific Islander race/ ethnicity group, and (c) the overall U.S., now include population estimates for the Marshall Islands and the Federated States of Micronesia. AB - <b>Commentary:</b> Following the first reports of cases of AIDS in 1981, AIDS surveillance has monitored the epidemic in the United States. Through December 31, 1996, 581,429 persons with AIDS were reported to CDC by state and local health departments (tables 1-2). Of these, 488,300 (84 percent) were men, 85,500 (15 percent) were women, and 7,629 (1 percent) were children less than 13 years old (tables 4, 5, and 6). AB - Persons of black or Hispanic race/ethnicity and women continue to represent increasing proportions of persons reported with AIDS. In 1996, blacks represented 41 percent of adults/adolescents reported with AIDS, exceeding the proportion who are white for the first time (table 10). In 1996, the rates per 100,000 population of reported AIDS cases were 89.7, 41.3, and 13.5 among blacks, Hispanics, and whites respectively. The rates were lowest among American Indians/Alaska Natives (10.7) and Asians/Pacific Islanders (5.9). Rates were lower among adult/adolescent women (12.3) than among men (51.9) (table 10). However, in 1996, women represented 20 percent of adults/adolescents reported with AIDS, greater than the proportion in any previous year. AB - Although the proportion of adult/adolescent AIDS cases who are men who have sex with men has declined to 50 percent of 54,653 men reported in 1996, men who have sex with men continue to account for the largest proportion of reported cases (table 3). Among women, heterosexual contact and injecting drug use accounted for 40 percent and 34 percent, respectively, of cases reported in 1996 (table 5). However, these proportionate distributions by exposure category will increase over time because a large proportion of cases reported in 1996 (15 percent of men [table 4] and 24 percent of women [table 5]) lack risk information and will be updated as additional review of medical records are conducted (figure 7). AB - The number of AIDS cases reported during 1996 (69,151) was substantially higher (46 percent) than the number reported during 1992, the year before the expansion of the AIDS surveillance case definition. To identify adults/adolescents who meet the AIDS-defining immunologic criteria that were added to the case definition in 1993, some states expanded their AIDS case finding methods to include laboratory-initiated reporting of severe immunosuppression. The proportion of adult/adolescent AIDS cases reported based on the immunologic criteria increased from 39 percent of 104,616 cases reported in 1993 to 57 percent of 68,473 cases reported in 1996. The expanded definition had a major impact on patterns of case reporting. Therefore, to monitor temporal trends in the occurrence of AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses, CDC uses statistical methods that take into account the change in the case definition and delays in the reporting of new AIDS diagnoses and deaths among persons with AIDS (tables 18-20 and cover figure). Delays in completing HIV exposure information is accounted for by reclassifying persons with AIDS who were initially reported without a risk to the HIV exposure categories listed in table 3 based on how such persons were reclassified in the past (figure 7). AB - From 1994 to 1995 (the most recent annual period for which data are available), the estimated incidence of AIDS-opportunistic illnesses increased slightly (approximately 2 percent). This national composite includes trends which vary by region, race/ethnicity, age, and HIV exposure category (tables 18-20). Leveling or declines occurred in some groups (e.g., whites, men who have sex with men, male injecting drug users, and children less than 13 years old) while increases continue to occur in other groups (e.g., blacks, women, and persons infected through heterosexual contact). These variations highlight the complex and diverse characteristics of the epidemic and emphasize the importance of monitoring epidemic trends at the state, local, and national levels and by exposure category, sex, and racial/ethnic group to enhance the relevance of the data for planning and evaluating prevention and care programs. AB - Since 1981, the AIDS surveillance case definition has been revised in response to improved laboratory and diagnostic methods, increased knowledge of the natural history of HIV disease, and improved clinical management. The case definition, which was based initially on highly specific clinical signs and symptoms of disease, was expanded in 1985, 1987, and 1993 to include additional clinical conditions, HIV antibody test results, and laboratory measures of the effect of the virus on the immune system (CD4+ test results). These revisions to the AIDS surveillance case definition incorporated advances in diagnostic methods and medical practices in order to provide complete, consistent, and reliable information on the numbers of HIV-infected persons with life-threatening opportunistic illnesses (table 12) and deaths among these persons (table 13). AB - While HIV infection is not reportable uniformly throughout the United States, states that conduct both HIV infection and AIDS case surveillance can estimate the minimum number of persons living with HIV infection or AIDS (table 27). The number of persons who are living with AIDS continues to increase. Through 1996, over 216,000 persons were living with AIDS. However, the cumulative number of persons living with AIDS underrepresents the number of living persons who have been diagnosed with HIV disease because most HIV-infected persons have not yet progressed to AIDS and many persons infected with HIV have not been tested. In 26 states, adults/adolescents who have been diagnosed with HIV infection in private clinical and public HIV counseling and testing settings are reported confidentially. Among these states, the number of reported adults/ adolescents living either with HIV infection or with AIDS as of the end of 1996 (126,491) was 147 percent higher than the number living with AIDS (51,217). However, these data are not adjusted for reporting delays. Using adjustments for delays in reporting of AIDS cases and deaths among these adults/adolescents, the minimum estimate of AIDS prevalence in mid-1996 was approximately 223,000 (see cover figure). This represents a 10 percent increase in AIDS prevalence compared to mid-1995. The increase in AIDS prevalence reflects stable AIDS incidence and declines in AIDS deaths (see MMWR 1997;46:165-73). The increasing prevalence of AIDS provides a minimum measure of the growing need for medical and other services for persons with HIV disease and for prevention programs to reduce the number of persons becoming infected with HIV. AB - The HIV/AIDS surveillance system must reflect the latest advances in monitoring and treating HIV disease. Improved survival among persons with HIV/AIDS, which is occurring in response to improvements in medical care and increased availability of antiretroviral therapies and prophylaxis for severe opportunistic infections, will affect efforts to monitor the HIV epidemic based on the current AIDS surveillance case definition. In the future, the HIV/ AIDS surveillance system must continue to adapt to changes in the diagnosis and clinical management of HIV disease to ensure that surveillance data are useful for planning and evaluating programs for HIV prevention and care. AB - Publication date approximated. AN - cdc:34401 IS - 2 KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1997/01/01 T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1996 VL - 8 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/34401 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1996

National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention.

1996/07/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

This edition of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report includes cases of HIV infection and AIDS reported to state, local, and territorial health departments through June 1996. The publication of this edition coincides with the fifteenth anniversary of the first published report of unusual cases of Pneumocystis pneumonia among young homosexual men in Los ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1996 Corporate Authors(s) : National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Published Date : 1996/07/01 Pages in Document : 33 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/34402 National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. (1996). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1996. 8(1). National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1996" 8, no. 1 (1996) National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1996" vol. 8, no. 1, 1996 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Statistics A2 - National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. AB - This edition of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report includes cases of HIV infection and AIDS reported to state, local, and territorial health departments through June 1996. The publication of this edition coincides with the fifteenth anniversary of the first published report of unusual cases of Pneumocystis pneumonia among young homosexual men in Los Angeles, California. Following that report in 1981, active surveillance was initiated for cases of an acquired immune deficiency syndrome that came to be known as AIDS. During the first 15 years of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States, regular publication of AIDS surveillance data has tracked the distribution of disease throughout the population. Through June 1996, 548,102 men, women, and children with AIDS have been reported to CDC, and 343,000 have died (Tables 3 and 9). Over 80,000 persons have been reported with HIV infection (not AIDS) in the 28 states that also conduct surveillance for HIV cases (Table 16). AB - Three methods used to track the course of the epidemic are presented in this report. In the first method, AIDS cases reported to CDC each year are presented for the one or two most recent annual periods and/or cumulatively (Tables 1- 8 and Figures 1-5). Reported cases represent the scope and magnitude of the epidemic and are useful for characterizing the demographic, geographic, and risk/ exposure distributions in the population. Because health departments actively solicit AIDS case reports from providers and medical facilities throughout the United States and submit them promptly to CDC, numbers and characteristics of reported cases are useful for planning and allocating resources for prevention and care. In the second method, the numbers of new diagnoses of severe HIV-related illnesses (AIDS opportunistic infections [AIDSOIs]) are estimated for each year from 1990 through 1995 (Tables 13-15). These data are useful for tracking the recent course of the epidemic. They are estimated rather than counted for several reasons: to adjust for temporal lags between when an AIDS case is diagnosed and when the case report will be received by the health department, to adjust for recent fluctuations in case reporting caused by the expansion of the AIDS surveillance case definition in 1993, and to account for delays in obtaining complete risk/ exposure data on the most recently reported cases (see Technical Notes). The third method counts reported deaths among persons with AIDS (Table 9). AB - In addition, this report presents reported cases of HIV infection (Tables 16-21). From July 1995 through June 1996, the 26 states that report both adult/adolescent (13 years or older) and pediatric HIV cases, reported nearly 18,000 AIDS cases and over 14,000 HIV cases (Table 16). HIV reports represent only those HIV-infected persons who have been tested by a provider and do not include persons who were tested anonymously or whose infection is unrecognized. These data, however, describe persons at an earlier stage of disease and enhance the completeness and usefulness of AIDS surveillance data in describing the impact and characteristics of the epidemic in these states (see Technical Notes). Table 22 presents the minimum number of persons living with HIV infection (not AIDS) or with AIDS (over 275,000). AB - Five states continue to account for over half of the cumulative AIDS case reports (New York, California, Florida, Texas, New Jersey); they held the same ranking in the last 12-month period (Table 1). However, rates of reported cases per 100,000 population were highest in New York, Puerto Rico, Florida, and New Jersey. Some of the highest rates of reported cases are also found in large metropolitan areas (more than 500,000 population) in these same states (e.g., New York, San Francisco, Miami, Fort Lauderdale, West Palm Beach, Jersey City, and Newark—Table 2). Fluctuations in reported cases per 100,000 population during the last several annual periods reflect changing surveillance practices following the 1993 change in the AIDS case definition. The rate for the District of Columbia is artifactually high because the District represents a small geographic area (Table 1); the impact of the epidemic in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area is comparable to that in areas with moderate-to-high rates (Table 2). AB - Among adults and adolescents, three HIV exposure categories continue to account for nearly all cases of AIDS: men who have sex with men (51 percent), injecting drug use (25 percent), and heterosexual contact with a person who is in a high-risk group or has HIV/AIDS (8 percent— Table 3). Of the 7,296 AIDS cases reported among children, 90 percent resulted from transmission from mother to child (Table 3). These data continue to highlight the need for prevention and therapeutic interventions to reduce transmission in these populations. AB - In tables 13-15, recent trends in the number of estimated AIDS-OIs illustrate the overall slowing in the rate of growth of the AIDS epidemic. From 1992 through 1995, the estimates of newly diagnosed AIDS-OIs suggest that AIDS cases were increasing at a rate of 5 percent or less per year in the United States as a whole compared to higher rates of increase from 1990 through 1992. As the epidemic of HIV infection has dispersed from the cities where AIDS cases were first recognized in 1981 (Los Angeles and New York), different populations and geographic areas have been affected over time. Changes in the number of estimated AIDS-OIs during 1992-1995 reflect these different stages in the maturation of the epidemic: leveling in the West but continued increases in other geographic areas (Table 13), leveling among whites but continued increases among blacks and Hispanics (Table 14), a stable trend among men largely caused by the leveling of AIDS-OIs among men who have sex with men (Table 15), and an upward trend among women reflecting increasing numbers of women who were infected with HIV through sexual contact, principally with injecting drug-using partners, and who are now progressing to AIDS (Table 15). Despite the large number of women with HIV infection or AIDS, a gradual decrease in pediatric AIDS cases has occurred (Table 15). Thus, while the number of estimated AIDS-OIs in the United States is still increasing slightly each year, declines in infants and men who have sex with men likely reflect successful prevention interventions. AB - It is likely that, in the near future, these trends will continue and numbers of estimated AIDS-OIs will stabilize or decline slightly. However, these overall trends at the national level are likely to mask diverse local sub-epidemics. In the future, the number of AIDS-OIs and the course of the epidemic will be determined by the effectiveness of behavioral intervention programs in preventing new infections, prompt diagnosis of HIV infection, the availability and effectiveness of new therapies directed at slowing progression to AIDS in recently infected persons, and the degree to which recommendations for the prevention of perinatal transmission are adopted and implemented. AB - Publication date approximated. AN - cdc:34402 CY - Atlanta, GA IS - 1 KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1996/07/01 T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1996 VL - 8 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/34402 ER -
HIV/AIDS and STDs in juvenile facilities

Widom, Rebecca ;

Hammett, Theodore M.

April 1996 | Research in Brief

"The 1994 National Institute of Justice (NIJ) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) survey asked State and city/county juvenile justice systems to report on their policies, programs, and data regarding HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases. In order to gauge the accuracy of central office reports, samples of training schools in ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS and STDs in juvenile facilities Personal Author(s) : Widom, Rebecca;Hammett, Theodore M.; Corporate Authors(s) : National Institute of Justice (U.S.);Abt Associates; Published Date : April 1996 Pages in Document : print; 11 p. ; 28 cm. Series : Research in Brief URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/11424 Widom, Rebecca and Hammett, Theodore M. (1996). HIV/AIDS and STDs in juvenile facilities. Widom, Rebecca and Hammett, Theodore M. "HIV/AIDS and STDs in juvenile facilities" (1996) Widom, Rebecca and Hammett, Theodore M. "HIV/AIDS and STDs in juvenile facilities" , 1996 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Widom, Rebecca AU - Hammett, Theodore M. A2 - National Institute of Justice (U.S.) A2 - Abt Associates AB - "The 1994 National Institute of Justice (NIJ) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) survey asked State and city/county juvenile justice systems to report on their policies, programs, and data regarding HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases. In order to gauge the accuracy of central office reports, samples of training schools in selected State systems also completed an abbreviated questionnaire that focused on policies regarding HIV/AIDS and STDs." - p. 1 AB - by Rebecca Widom and Theodore M. Hammett. AB - Caption title. AB - Shipping list no.: 96-0297-P. AB - "April 1996." AB - "Prepared under contract OJP-89-C-009 to Abt Associates, Inc."--P. 11. AB - Includes bibliographical references (p. 10-11). AN - cdc:11424 CY - U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Adolescent KW - HIV Infections KW - Prisoners KW - Prisons KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Adolescent KW - HIV Infections KW - Prisoners KW - Prisons KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases LA - eng PY - April 1996 T3 - Research in Brief TI - HIV/AIDS and STDs in juvenile facilities UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/11424 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1995

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) ...

1996/01/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

The HIV/AIDS surveillance data in this report characterize the populations affected by HIV-related illness and death and provide a current profile of HIV/AIDS at the national level. The epidemic’s impact on the nation’s health was highlighted during 1995, when the cumulative number of reported AIDS cases surpassed one-half million. Of 513,486 perso ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1995 Corporate Authors(s) : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.);National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention;Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section;Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Statistics and Data Management Branch; Published Date : 1996/01/01 Pages in Document : 38 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/33069 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) (1996). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1995. 7(2). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1995" 7, no. 2 (1996) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1995" vol. 7, no. 2, 1996 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) A2 - National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Statistics and Data Management Branch AB - The HIV/AIDS surveillance data in this report characterize the populations affected by HIV-related illness and death and provide a current profile of HIV/AIDS at the national level. The epidemic’s impact on the nation’s health was highlighted during 1995, when the cumulative number of reported AIDS cases surpassed one-half million. Of 513,486 persons with AIDS reported through December 1995, over 62 percent have died. Among persons ages 25 to 44 years, HIV infection is now the leading cause of death in men and the third leading cause in women. As expected, the number of cases reported during 1995 (74,180) was lower than the numbers reported during 1994 (79,897, Table 1) and 1993 (105,828), reflecting the waning effect of the expanded 1993 AIDS surveillance case definition. However, in 1995 the number of cases reported was 56 percent higher than in 1992 (47,453), before the case definition was expanded. AB - Because the numbers of cases reported annually during the period 1992 through 1995 have fluctuated, and because persons reported with AIDS during a calendar year had AIDS diagnosed during that year or prior years, CDC has developed statistical methods to examine temporal trends in the epidemic (see Technical Notes). These methods estimate the incidence of AIDS opportunistic illnesses (AIDS-OIs) by taking into account the change in the case definition and lags in reporting of cases to CDC. Results show that from 1992 through 1994, the estimated incidence of AIDS-OIs increased by 8 percent overall. Trends in the incidence of AIDS-OIs varied by region, race/ethnicity, sex, and mode of exposure (Tables 18, 19, 20). From 1992 through 1994, the incidence of AIDS-OIs increased in the South (13 percent) and the Northeast (11 percent), and among blacks (17 percent), Hispanics (13 percent), men (5 percent), and women (26 percent). Increases also occurred among Asians/Pacific Islanders and American Indians/Alaska Natives; however, these populations each account for less than 1 percent of estimated AIDS-OIs. By mode of HIV exposure, the largest increases occurred among heterosexual men and women who acquired HIV through injecting drug use (men 11 percent; women 12 percent) or through heterosexual contact (men 38 percent; women 46 percent). Although the incidence of estimated AIDS-OIs is increasing most rapidly among persons infected heterosexually, men who have sex with men continue to represent the largest number and proportion of persons estimated to have AIDS-OIs. AB - The demographic characteristics, behavioral risks, and geographic distribution of persons with AIDS reported during 1995 reflect shifts in the populations at risk for HIV/ AIDS, most notably the changing racial/ethnic profile shown on the cover of this report. The cover illustrates a shift in the epidemic from whites to minorities, especially blacks and Hispanics. In 1995, for the first time, the proportion of persons reported with AIDS who are black was equal to the proportion who are white (40 percent). In 1995, blacks and Hispanics represented the majority of cases among men (54 percent) and women (76 percent). The reported AIDS incidence rate per 100,000 among blacks (92.6) was 6 times higher than that among whites (15.4) and 2 times higher than that among Hispanics (46.2). Rates were lowest among American Indians/ Alaska Natives (12.3) and Asians/Pacific Islanders (6.2). However, HIV/AIDS surveillance data collected from medical records do not include measures of socioeconomic status such as education and income that may more accurately predict risk of HIV than demographic factors such as race/ethnicity. AB - Case report information obtained by health care providers through routine patient history-taking may include one or more risk behaviors or potential modes of exposure to HIV (Table 17). Efforts to prevent HIV infections through community-based prevention programs are enhanced by knowledge of HIV risk behaviors in the local community. Most adults/adolescents reported with AIDS have risk information recorded (93 percent, Table 3). Although persons most recently reported with AIDS are more likely to have unreported risk information because medical record reviews are incomplete or pending, most persons are ultimately identified as having a recognized risk factor (Figure 7). HIV reports provide a minimum estimate of the number and characteristics of persons in the community who have been tested for HIV; however, a higher proportion of HIV than AIDS reports has incomplete HIV exposure information. Persons reported with HIV (not AIDS) are younger, more likely to be women and black or Hispanic minorities, and more recently infected than persons reported with AIDS (Tables 22 through 26). HIV surveillance data should be interpreted with knowledge of local practices because they are influenced by the availability of HIV test facilities and the proportion of HIV-infected persons who seek or defer HIV testing. AB - Among men reported with AIDS in 1995, male-to-male sexual contact again accounted for the largest proportion of cases (51 percent), followed by injecting drug use (24 percent, Table 4). These proportions will increase slightly as exposure information is completed for persons initially reported without a risk for HIV infection (13 percent). Among young men (ages 20 to 24 years), male-to-male sexual contact and/or injecting drug use accounted for 76 percent of AIDS cases and 63 percent of HIV infection cases reported in 1995 (Tables 7 and 25, respectively). AB - Women accounted for 19 percent of adult/adolescent AIDS cases in 1995, the highest proportion yet reported among women. Most women acquired HIV infection through injecting drug use (38 percent) or sexual contact with a man with or at risk for HIV infection (38 percent, Table 5). The injecting drug use-associated epidemic among men is reflected in the heterosexual epidemic among women. Women may not recognize or report the risk behaviors of their partners, and health care providers may only record the HIV/AIDS status of a woman’s male partners and not her partners’ risk behaviors. Therefore, an increasing proportion of women are likely to be classified in the exposure category “sex with HIV-infected person, risk not specified.” AB - The epidemic in women is reflected in the epidemic in children, nearly all of whom acquired HIV infection perinatally. In 1995, 84 percent of children reported with AIDS were black or Hispanic, and AIDS rates per 100,000 population among black and Hispanic children were 16 and 6 times higher (6.4 and 2.3, respectively) than among white children (0.4, Table 10). The number of children reported with AIDS in 1995 (800) was lower than that reported in 1994 (1,034). Changes in surveillance practices, the number of infected women giving birth, and the clinical management of women and children may each have contributed to this decline. Studies are underway to determine the relative contributions of each of these factors. In 1995, the 28 states that reported HIV infection (not AIDS) among children reported 229 pediatric AIDS cases and 342 pediatric HIV cases (Table 24). In these states, reports of children perinatally exposed to HIV (with subsequent follow-up to determine infection status) will be useful in evaluating the impact of Public Health Service guidelines on preventing perinatal transmission (see Suggested Reading). AB - The 1993 expansion of the AIDS surveillance case definition has caused fluctuations in the numbers of reported AIDS cases during the past 3 years. However, reporting trends are gradually stabilizing. Each year since 1993, a larger proportion of persons with AIDS was reported based on immunologic criteria added to the case definition. State-to-state fluctuations in reporting patterns may reflect a number of factors, including use of laboratory-initiated reporting of severe immunosuppression, enhanced surveillance efforts in some states, and increases in AIDS incidence in some geographic areas. In many of the states (Table 1) and metropolitan areas (Table 2) that reported more cases in 1995 than in 1994, HIV was introduced later than in the bicoastal epicenters, where the epidemic emerged early in the 1980s. However, reported AIDS incidence rates per 100,000 population remained highest in Puerto Rico, New York, Florida, New Jersey, Maryland, and Connecticut, and in heavily affected metropolitan areas, many of which are in these same states (e.g., Jersey City, San Francisco, West Palm Beach, San Juan, Baltimore, New Haven, Orlando, and Hartford). AB - Publication date approximated. AN - cdc:33069 IS - 2 KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1996/01/01 T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1995 VL - 7 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/33069 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS Cases Reported Through June 1995

National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention.

1995/07/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

Through June 1995, nearly half a million (476,899) persons have been reported with AIDS. The expanded AIDS surveillance case definition (implemented on January 1, 1993) continues to influence the pattern of AIDS diagnosis and reporting. In the first half of 1995, 37,142 AIDS cases were reported. Although this number exceeds the 23,896 cases reporte ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS Cases Reported Through June 1995 Corporate Authors(s) : National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Published Date : 1995/07/01 Pages in Document : 34 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/33070 Journal Title : HIV/AIDS surveillance National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. (1995). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS Cases Reported Through June 1995. 7(1). National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS Cases Reported Through June 1995" 7, no. 1 (1995) National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS Cases Reported Through June 1995" vol. 7, no. 1, 1995 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. AB - Through June 1995, nearly half a million (476,899) persons have been reported with AIDS. The expanded AIDS surveillance case definition (implemented on January 1, 1993) continues to influence the pattern of AIDS diagnosis and reporting. In the first half of 1995, 37,142 AIDS cases were reported. Although this number exceeds the 23,896 cases reported in the first half of 1992, before the case definition was expanded, it is less than the 61,887 and 40,457 cases reported in the first halves of 1993 and 1994, respectively. Trends in reporting of AIDS cases are expected to continue to stabilize gradually over the next several reporting periods as the surge in cases caused by the expanded definition continues to wane. AB - Analysis of the absolute numbers of cases reported each year, as presented in this report, continues to provide valuable information on the magnitude of the epidemic in affected communities. The data provide an important profile of young (13 to 24 years) men and women with HIV infection and AIDS, and demonstrate the need for prevention strategies appropriate for these age groups (see Tables 7 and 20). They also profile the characteristics of children with HIV and AIDS, in whom nearly all recent HIV infections occurred perinatally, and emphasize that, to prevent HIV in children, prevention programs need to assist women in reducing their risk of acquiring HIV infection by reducing high risk drug-injection or sexual activities (see Tables 6 and 19). These data will assist states in monitoring the impact of current recommendations to reduce HIV transmission to children through counseling, voluntary testing, and prenatal care services for women. AB - The expansion of the case definition artifactually distorted the AIDS epidemic curve. Fluctuation in the number of reported cases in recent years has complicated the interpretation of trends in the absolute number of reported cases. However, comparing proportions and relative rates over time permits trends to be monitored. For example, in the two most recent 12- month periods, about 10 percent of persons with AIDS were residents of small metropolitan areas (50,000 to 500,000 population), and about 6 percent were residents of non-metropolitan areas (see Table 2). These percentages are consistent with those reported for 1992 (10 percent and 6 percent, respectively), before the case definition was expanded. They not only reflect the emergence of AIDS outside large metropolitan areas (500,000 or more population), but also illustrate that the epidemic remains disproportionately concentrated in large metropolitan areas, where AIDS incidence rates are consistently 2 to 3 times higher than in small metropolitan areas, and about 5 times higher than in non-metropolitan areas. AB - To monitor trends in the incidence of AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses (AIDS-OIs), CDC is using ana- lytic methods that adjust for the case definition expansion by using comparable definitions over time. The estimated number of persons with AIDS-OIs diagnosed in 1994 (64,300) increased approximately 6 percent over the estimated number in 1993 (see Table 13). In addition, previously reported trends continued: the South and the Northeast accounted for the majority of the estimated number of persons with AIDS-OIs, and blacks and Hispanics accounted for a growing proportion of persons with AIDS-OIs (see Table 14). Although men who have sex with men accounted for the largest proportion of AIDS-OIs, the rate of growth has slowed; persons infected through injecting drug- use and their heterosexual partners accounted for an increasing proportion of persons with AIDS-OIs (see Table 15). AB - AIDS surveillance data can detect recent shifts in the epidemic: because AIDS develops in a substantial number of HIV-infected persons within a year or two of infection, their characteristics are soon reflected in the surveillance data. For example, emerging trends among women, black and Hispanic minorities, per- sons in moderate- and small-sized metropolitan statistical areas and in the rural South, persons infected through heterosexual contact, minority homosexual/ bisexual men, and young men who have sex with men have all been detected through AIDS surveillance. In addition, timely data from 25 states on characteristics of adults/adolescents with HIV infection (not AIDS) have documented the impact of the epidemic among sexually active and drug-using adolescents at early stages of HIV disease and have highlighted the need for appropriate prevention interventions in these populations (see Table 20). AB - National population-based HIV/AIDS surveillance data can be used to guide allocation of resources for HIV/AIDS prevention and control. State and local health departments provide surveillance information to assist prevention planning in local communities. Together with data from seroprevalence surveys, behavioral surveys, and vital statistics, HIV/AIDS surveillance data can assist communities in developing HIV needs assessments, health care planning, and community profiles for implementing and evaluating prevention interventions. AB - Publication date approximated. AN - cdc:33070 CY - Atlanta, GA IS - 1 J2 - HIV/AIDS surveillance KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1995/07/01 T2 - HIV/AIDS surveillance T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS Cases Reported Through June 1995 VL - 7 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/33070 ER -
Characteristics of Persons Living With AIDS at the End of 1997

National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention

1995/01/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

Estimated number of persons living with AIDS at the end of 1997

Public Domain

Title : Characteristics of Persons Living With AIDS at the End of 1997 Corporate Authors(s) : National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention Published Date : 1995/01/01 Pages in Document : 14 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/149263 National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention (1995). Characteristics of Persons Living With AIDS at the End of 1997. 5(1). National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention "Characteristics of Persons Living With AIDS at the End of 1997" 5, no. 1 (1995) National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention "Characteristics of Persons Living With AIDS at the End of 1997" vol. 5, no. 1, 1995 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention AB - Estimated number of persons living with AIDS at the end of 1997 AN - cdc:149263 IS - 1 KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1995/01/01 T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - Characteristics of Persons Living With AIDS at the End of 1997 VL - 5 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/149263 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1994

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) ...

1995/01/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

<b>Trends in AIDS surveillance:</b> Implementation of the expanded AIDS surveillance case definition on January 1, 1993, continued to influence diagnosis and reporting of AIDS in 1994, but to a lesser degree than in 1993. The number of AIDS cases reported in 1994 (80,691) declined from the number reported in 1993 (106,618), but remained substantial ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1994 Corporate Authors(s) : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.);National Center for Prevention Services. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention;Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section;Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Statistics and Data Management Branch; Published Date : 1995/01/01 Pages in Document : 39 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32730 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) (1995). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1994. 6(2). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1994" 6, no. 2 (1995) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1994" vol. 6, no. 2, 1995 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) A2 - National Center for Prevention Services. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Statistics and Data Management Branch AB - <b>Trends in AIDS surveillance:</b> Implementation of the expanded AIDS surveillance case definition on January 1, 1993, continued to influence diagnosis and reporting of AIDS in 1994, but to a lesser degree than in 1993. The number of AIDS cases reported in 1994 (80,691) declined from the number reported in 1993 (106,618), but remained substantially higher than the number reported in 1992 (47,572; see MMWR 1995;44:64-67). The expanded case definition includes conditions that occur earlier in HIV disease and therefore includes severely immunosuppressed persons more recently infected with HIV. Persons diagnosed with these conditions before January 1993 were reported to CDC during 1993 and 1994, and accounted for the substantial increase in the numbers of reported cases. Because temporal trends in AIDS incidence for 1993 and 1994 were distorted by these large proportionate increases, methods were needed to adjust for the change in the case definition. This issue of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report presents these adjustments (Tables 18, 19, and 20, and the cover graph), as well as data on HIV and AIDS cases reported in 1993, 1994, and cumulatively. AB - In 1994, as in previous years, the AIDS epidemic continued to affect primarily men who have sex with men. Men represented 82 percent of AIDS cases reported among adults/adolescents (13 years old or older); men who have sex with men continued to account for the largest proportion (44 percent) of all cases reported among adults/adolescents. The estimated incidence of AIDS-opportunistic illnesses (AIDS-OIs) increased 13 percent from 1990 to 1993 among men who have sex with men (Table 20). In 1994, young men represented a population at high risk for HIV. Among men 20 to 24 years old reported with AIDS, 60 percent reported sex with men. This percentage is higher than the percentage of men who have sex with men among all men reported with AIDS (53 percent). Heterosexual injecting drug users and injecting drug users who have sex with other men accounted for 24 percent and 6 percent of cases among men, respectively. AB - The proportion of cases among women has increased steadily during the past decade (MMWR 1995;44:81-84 and erratum MMWR 1995;44:135). AIDS among women represented 18 percent of adults/adolescents with AIDS reported in 1994. Among women reported with AIDS in 1994, most were infected with HIV through injecting drug use (41 percent) or heterosexual contact with a man who was at risk for or had HIV infection or AIDS (38 percent). Nineteen percent of women with AIDS were reported without risk for HIV exposure. These cases will be investigated by state and local health departments. Most women initially reported without a risk are found to have become infected through heterosexual contact (66 percent) or injecting drug use (27 percent; see Figure 7). However, some of the cases reported without risk of HIV exposure are likely to represent unrecognized heterosexual transmission. Among women, estimated AIDS-OI incidence is increasing most rapidly among those infected heterosexually (Table 20). AB - The epidemic in children (less than 13 years old) is closely associated with the epidemic in women. In 1994, 1,017 pediatric AIDS cases were reported, an 8 percent increase from the number reported in 1993. Of these, 92 percent were acquired perinatally; the mothers of these children were exposed to HIV through injecting drug use (30 percent) and heterosexual contact with an infected man (36 percent). For 34 percent of mothers, their risk of exposure was not reported. Future trends in AIDS incidence among children will be affected by current Public Health Service recommendations for routine counseling and voluntary prenatal HIV testing for women, and the use of zidovudine to prevent perinatal transmission (MMWR 1994;43[no.RR-11]:1-20). AB - Estimated AIDS-OI incidence increased more rapidly during 1990-1993 among blacks and Hispanics than among whites (Table 19). Among reported cases, 1994 was the first year when blacks and Hispanics together accounted for the majority (53 percent) of all cases reported among men. As in past years, most women reported with AIDS were black or Hispanic (57 percent and 20 percent, respectively). Although AIDS surveillance case reports do not record measures of socioeconomic status, or other social/cultural factors that may predict risk of exposure to HIV, the disproportionate impact of the epidemic on minority communities is reflected in AIDS incidence rates which are 6 times and 3 times higher, respectively, among blacks and Hispanics than among whites. From 1990 to 1993, the estimated incidence of AIDS-OIs increased in the Northeast and South, whereas it leveled in the Midwest and West (Table 18). The majority of reported cases (58 percent) in 1994, as in previous years, were residents of five states: New York, California, Florida, Texas, and New Jersey. In both 1993 and 1994, 84 percent of reported cases were among residents of large metropolitan areas (500,000 or more population). AB - <b>HIV infection (not AIDS):</b> As of December 31, 1994, 25 states required confidential reporting by name of all persons with confirmed HIV infection, in addition to reporting of persons with AIDS. Two states, Connecticut and Texas, required reporting by name of children with HIV infection. Consistent with the temporal changes in the characteristics of persons reported with AIDS, persons reported with HIV infection (not AIDS) from states that require confidential reporting are disproportionately racial/ethnic minorities, younger, and female. Although HIV reporting does not measure HIV incidence or prevalence, these reports represent persons who are more recently infected and more likely to be alive than persons reported with AIDS; thus HIV reporting may be particularly useful in directing and evaluating HIV prevention activities within states and local communities. In these states, reports of children perinatally exposed to HIV (with subsequent follow-up to determine infection status) will be useful in evaluating implementation of guidelines to prevent perinatal transmission. AB - This issue of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report includes a new table (Table 24) that displays pediatric HIV infection (not AIDS) cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity. In addition, Table 27 has been revised to tabulate persons living with HIV infection (not AIDS) and living with AIDS by adult and pediatric age group, as well as by state. AB - <b>Summary:<b> Data presented in this report show that men who have sex with men continue to be most severely affected by the AIDS epidemic. However, comparisons between AIDS cases reported in 1994 and in earlier years, and temporal trends in estimated AIDSOI incidence, indicate that women, blacks and Hispanics, and persons with heterosexually acquired HIV infections account for dynamic growth in the epidemic. Injecting drug use and sex with at-risk partners, especially among heterosexuals and young homosexual/bisexual men, continue to challenge HIV prevention programs. As the epidemic evolves, HIV/ AIDS surveillance data continue to reflect past transmission patterns, and to assist in directing HIV prevention efforts. AB - Publication date approximated. AN - cdc:32730 IS - 2 KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1995/01/01 T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1994 VL - 6 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32730 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1994

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) ...

1994/07/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a specific group of diseases or conditions which are indicative of severe immunosuppression related to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Contents of this report: AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by state; AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by metro ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1994 Corporate Authors(s) : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.);National Center for Infectious Diseases (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS;Division of HIV/AIDS. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section;Division of HIV/AIDS. Statistics and Data Management Branch; Published Date : 1994/07/01 Pages in Document : 27 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32731 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) (1994). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1994. 6(1). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1994" 6, no. 1 (1994) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1994" vol. 6, no. 1, 1994 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) A2 - National Center for Infectious Diseases (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS. Statistics and Data Management Branch AB - Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a specific group of diseases or conditions which are indicative of severe immunosuppression related to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Contents of this report: AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by state; AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by metropolitan area with 500,000 or more population; AIDS cases by age group, exposure category, and sex; Male adult/adolescent AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity; Female adult/adolescent AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity; Pediatric AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity; AIDS cases in adolescents and adults under age 25, by sex and exposure category; AIDS cases by sex, age at diagnosis, and race/ethnicity; AIDS cases, case-fatality rates, and deaths, by half-year and age group; AIDS cases by year of diagnosis and definition category; Health-care workers with documented and possible occupationally acquired AIDS/HIV infection, by occupation; Adult/adolescent AIDS cases by single and multiple exposure categories; Male adult/adolescent AIDS annual rates per 100,000 population; Female adult/adolescent AIDS annual rates per 100,000 population; Male adult/adolescent AIDS cases; Female adult/adolescent AIDS cases; Pediatric AIDS cases; AIDS cases ever classified as risk not reported or identified; HIV infection cases (not AIDS), by state; Male adult/adolescent HIV infection cases (not AIDS), by exposure category and race/ethnicity; Female adult/adolescent HIV infection cases (not AIDS), by exposure category and race/ethnicity; HIV infection cases (not AIDS), by sex, age at diagnosis, and race/ethnicity; and, Technical notes. AB - Publication date approximated. AN - cdc:32731 IS - 1 KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1994/07/01 T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through June 1994 VL - 6 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32731 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1993

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) ...

1994/01/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

Notice to Readers: This issue of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report initiates the following additions/changes: 1) HIV data from states with confidential HIV reporting are now presented, beginning on page 21; 2) exposure categories based on Pattern-II countries are no longer used; 3) Table 2 now includes tabulations by central versus outlying counties ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1993 Corporate Authors(s) : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.);National Center for Infectious Diseases (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS;Division of HIV/AIDS. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section;Division of HIV/AIDS. Statistics and Data Management Branch; Published Date : 1994/01/01 Pages in Document : 33 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32520 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) (1994). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1993. 5(4). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1993" 5, no. 4 (1994) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1993" vol. 5, no. 4, 1994 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) A2 - National Center for Infectious Diseases (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS. Statistics and Data Management Branch AB - Notice to Readers: This issue of the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report initiates the following additions/changes: 1) HIV data from states with confidential HIV reporting are now presented, beginning on page 21; 2) exposure categories based on Pattern-II countries are no longer used; 3) Table 2 now includes tabulations by central versus outlying counties in the subtotals by metropolitan area population size; and 4) the tree diagram describing results of investigations of AIDS cases with risk not identified now reflects changes in the categorization of cases associated with Pattern- II countries. This year-end edition of the Report includes HIV and AIDS cases reported to CDC through December 1993. Data on these cases were updated through March 1994 except for mortality data, which reflect deaths reported through December 1993. This issue reflects 12 months of data collected under the 1993 AIDS surveillance case definition for adults and adolescents. See technical notes for additional information. AB - <b>Contents of this report include:</b> Geographic distribution of AIDS cases [cover]; Notice to Readers; Technical Notes; and the following: AB - <b>AIDS tables:</b> AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by state; AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by metropolitan area with 500,000 or more population; AIDS cases by age group, exposure category, and sex; Male adult/adolescent AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity; Female adult/adolescent AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity; Pediatric AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity; AIDS cases in adolescents and adults under age 25, by sex and exposure category; AIDS cases by sex, age at diagnosis, and race/ethnicity; AIDS cases, case-fatality rates, and deaths, by half-year and age group; AIDS cases by year of diagnosis and definition category; Health-care workers with documented and possible occupationally acquired AIDS/HIV infection, by occupation; and, Adult/adolescent AIDS cases by single and multiple exposure categories; and, AB - <b>HIV infection (not AIDS) tables:</b> HIV infection cases (not AIDS), by state; Male adult/adolescent HIV infection cases (not AIDS), by exposure category and race/ethnicity; Female adult/adolescent HIV infection cases (not AIDS), by exposure category and race/ethnicity; HIV infection cases (not AIDS) in adolescents and adults under age 25, by sex and exposure category; HIV infection cases (not AIDS) by sex, age at diagnosis, and race/ethnicity; and, Persons living with HIV infection (not AIDS) and with AIDS, by state; and, AB - <b>AIDS figures:</b> Male adult/adolescent AIDS annual rates per 100,000 population; Female adult/adolescent AIDS annual rates per 100,000 population; Male adult/adolescent AIDS cases; Female adult/adolescent AIDS cases; Pediatric AIDS cases; AIDS cases by quarter-year of report and definition category; and, AIDS cases ever classified as risk not reported or identified. AB - Publication date approximated. AN - cdc:32520 IS - 4 KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1994/01/01 T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. HIV and AIDS cases reported through December 1993 VL - 5 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32520 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. AIDS cases reported through September 1993

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) ...

1993/10/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a specific group of diseases or conditions which are indicative of severe immunosuppression related to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Contents of this report: AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by state; AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by metro ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. AIDS cases reported through September 1993 Corporate Authors(s) : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.);National Center for Infectious Diseases (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS;Division of HIV/AIDS. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section;Division of HIV/AIDS. Statistics and Data Management Branch; Published Date : 1993/10/01 Pages in Document : 19 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32521 Journal Title : HIV/AIDS surveillance Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) (1993). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. AIDS cases reported through September 1993. 5(3). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. AIDS cases reported through September 1993" 5, no. 3 (1993) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. AIDS cases reported through September 1993" vol. 5, no. 3, 1993 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) A2 - National Center for Infectious Diseases (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS. Statistics and Data Management Branch AB - Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a specific group of diseases or conditions which are indicative of severe immunosuppression related to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Contents of this report: AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by state; AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by metropolitan area with 500,000 or more population; AIDS cases by age group, exposure category, and sex; Male adult/adolescent AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity; Female adult/adolescent AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity; Pediatric AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity; AIDS cases in adolescents and adults under age 25, by sex and exposure category; AIDS cases by sex, age at diagnosis, and race/ethnicity; AIDS cases, case-fatality rates, and deaths, by half-year and age group; AIDS cases by year of diagnosis and definition category; Health-care workers with documented and possible occupationally acquired AIDS/HIV infection, by occupation; Adult/adolescent AIDS cases by single and multiple exposure categories; Male adult/adolescent AIDS annual rates per 100,000 population; Female adult/adolescent AIDS annual rates per 100,000 population; Male adult/adolescent AIDS cases; Female adult/adolescent AIDS cases; Pediatric AIDS cases; Results of investigations of AIDS cases with undetermined risk; and, Technical notes. AB - Publication date approximated. AN - cdc:32521 CY - Atlanta, GA IS - 3 J2 - HIV/AIDS surveillance KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1993/10/01 T2 - HIV/AIDS surveillance T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. AIDS cases reported through September 1993 VL - 5 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32521 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. AIDS cases reported through June 1993

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) ...

1993/07/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a specific group of diseases or conditions which are indicative of severe immunosuppression related to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Contents of this report: Notice to readers; AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by state; AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 p ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. AIDS cases reported through June 1993 Corporate Authors(s) : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.);National Center for Infectious Diseases (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS;Division of HIV/AIDS. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section;Division of HIV/AIDS. Statistics and Data Management Branch; Published Date : 1993/07/01 Pages in Document : 19 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32522 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) (1993). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. AIDS cases reported through June 1993. 5(2). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. AIDS cases reported through June 1993" 5, no. 2 (1993) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) "HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. AIDS cases reported through June 1993" vol. 5, no. 2, 1993 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) A2 - National Center for Infectious Diseases (U.S.). Division of HIV/AIDS A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS. Surveillance Branch. Reporting and Analysis Section A2 - Division of HIV/AIDS. Statistics and Data Management Branch AB - Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a specific group of diseases or conditions which are indicative of severe immunosuppression related to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Contents of this report: Notice to readers; AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by state; AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by metropolitan area with 500,000 or more population; AIDS cases by age group, exposure category, and sex; Male adult/adolescent AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity; Female adult/adolescent AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity; Pediatric AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity; AIDS cases in adolescents and adults under age 25, by sex and exposure category; AIDS cases by sex, age at diagnosis, and race/ethnicity; AIDS cases, case-fatality rates, and deaths, by half-year and age group; AIDS cases by year of diagnosis and definition category; Health-care workers with documented and possible occupationally acquired AIDS/HIV infection, by occupation; Adult/adolescent AIDS cases by single and multiple exposure categories; Male adult/adolescent AIDS annual rates per 100,000 population; Female adult/adolescent AIDS annual rates per 100,000 population; Male adult/adolescent AIDS cases; Female adult/adolescent AIDS cases; Pediatric AIDS cases; Results of investigations of AIDS cases with undetermined risk; and, Technical notes. AB - Notice to readers: Table 2 of this quarter’s Report uses revised Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) definitions issued by the Office of Management and Budget in June 1993. These latest MSA definitions retain most of the revisions issued in December 1992. However, the New York City MSA is returned to its pre-December 1992 definition, and the six MSAs in New Jersey which were included as part of the New York City MSA are again defined as separate MSAs. See technical notes for additional information. AN - cdc:32522 CY - Atlanta, GA IS - 2 KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1993/07/01 T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: U.S. AIDS cases reported through June 1993 VL - 5 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32522 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance: U.S. AIDS cases reported through March 1993

Centers for Disease Control (U.S.). National Center for Infectious Diseases. Division of HIV/AIDS

1993/05/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

No Description

Supporting Files Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance: U.S. AIDS cases reported through March 1993 Corporate Authors(s) : Centers for Disease Control (U.S.). National Center for Infectious Diseases. Division of HIV/AIDS Published Date : 1993/05/01 Pages in Document : 20 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/256595 Centers for Disease Control (U.S.). National Center for Infectious Diseases. Division of HIV/AIDS (1993). HIV/AIDS Surveillance: U.S. AIDS cases reported through March 1993. 1993(01). Centers for Disease Control (U.S.). National Center for Infectious Diseases. Division of HIV/AIDS "HIV/AIDS Surveillance: U.S. AIDS cases reported through March 1993" 1993, no. 01 (1993) Centers for Disease Control (U.S.). National Center for Infectious Diseases. Division of HIV/AIDS "HIV/AIDS Surveillance: U.S. AIDS cases reported through March 1993" vol. 1993, no. 01, 1993 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - Centers for Disease Control (U.S.). National Center for Infectious Diseases. Division of HIV/AIDS AB - <b>Series Note:</b> The series of publications Stacks organizes as the <b>"HIV Surveillance Report"</b> has gone through changes in name and publishing frequency since January 1989. AB - <b>Name Changes:</b> The series started out with <b>"HIV/AIDS Surveillance"</b> on its cover masthead in 1989. However, in the publication note on the inside cover, the series is called <b>"HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report."</b> The masthead was updated to <b>"HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report"</b> with the May 1993 release, which also introduced the Volume and Issue numbering scheme. Then in 2008, the masthead and series name changes to <b>"HIV Surveillance Report"</b>. [Note: Stacks staff catalogs the Title of issues based on the cover Title. Stacks uses the most recent Series name, <b>"HIV Surveillance Report"</b>, to organize all previous and current releases.] AB - <b>Publishing Frequency:</b> During the late-1980s, CDC published weekly statistics on HIV cases, entitled <b>"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) weekly surveillance report - United States"</b>. In January 1989 the first "HIV/AIDS Surveillance" monthly report was released, replacing the weekly report. After the April 1992 issue, publication frequency changed to quarterly, with the next issue coming out in July 1992. In June 1994, the publishing frequency changes to two times a year (or semi-annually). In 2003, the publishing frequency shifts to an annual report only. AB - <b>Volume Numbering:</b> Volume and Issue numbering does not appear on the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report until May 1993. This 1993 First Quarter Edition is labeled <b>"Vol. 5, No. 1"</b>. Releases from 1989 through January 1993 are not assigned specific Volume and Issue numbers. [Note: Stacks records may use the Year of Publication (for example: 1989) as Volume Number and the Month of case reporting (for example: cases reported in February are 02,) for the Issue number for ease of sorting.] AB - <b>Subseries:</b> In 1999, the subseries <b>"HIV/AIDS Surveillance Supplemental Report"</b> began. The first <b>"HIV/AIDS Special Surveillance Report"</b> was released in 2003. The only report issued in the <b>"HIV/AIDS Surveillance Technical Report"</b> subseries was released in 2002. AN - cdc:256595 CY - Atlanta, GA IS - 01 KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Adolescent KW - Adult KW - Asian American Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander KW - Bisexuality KW - Black or African American KW - Blood Transfusion KW - Child KW - Child Abuse KW - Child Mortality KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Delivery of Health Care KW - Emigrants and Immigrants KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - Ethnic and Racial Minorities KW - Female KW - Gender Identity KW - HIV KW - Hemophilia A KW - Heterosexuality KW - Hispanic or Latino KW - Homophobia KW - Homosexuality, Female KW - Homosexuality, Male KW - Humans KW - Ill-Housed Persons KW - Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical KW - Male KW - Mortality KW - Pregnancy KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Risk-Taking KW - Sex Work KW - Sex Workers KW - Sexual Health KW - Sexual and Gender Minorities KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - Transgender Persons KW - Transplant Recipients KW - Transplantation KW - White KW - AIDS KW - Asian LGBTQ+ People KW - Bisexual People KW - Black LGBTQ+ People KW - Blood Transfusion KW - Child Abuse KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - Gay Men KW - Gender Minorities KW - Health Care for LGBTQ+ People KW - Hemophilia KW - Heterosexual Men KW - Heterosexual Women KW - Heterosexual Youth KW - Hispanic LGBTQ+ People KW - HIV Tests KW - HIV/AIDS KW - HIV-Positive People KW - Human Immunodeficiency Virus KW - Indigenous LGBTQ+ People KW - Lesbians KW - LGBTQ+ Death and Dying KW - LGBTQ+ History KW - LGBTQ+ People of Color KW - LGBTQ+ People Who Use Substances KW - LGBTQ+ People with Chronic Illness KW - LGBTQ+ Unhoused People KW - LGBTQ+ Youth KW - Medical Bias KW - Medical Care KW - Men who have Sex with Men KW - Non-Monogamous People KW - Organ Donation KW - Partners of LGBTQ+ People KW - People who have received Blood Transfusion KW - People Who Inject Drugs KW - Pregnant People KW - Risk Behaviors KW - Sex Workers KW - Sexual Health KW - South Asian LGBTQ+ People KW - Tissue Donation KW - Trans Men KW - Trans Women KW - Transgender People KW - White LGBTQ+ People KW - Youth KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Adolescent KW - Adult KW - Asian American Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander KW - Bisexuality KW - Black or African American KW - Blood Transfusion KW - Child KW - Child Abuse KW - Child Mortality KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Delivery of Health Care KW - Emigrants and Immigrants KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - Ethnic and Racial Minorities KW - Female KW - Gender Identity KW - Hemophilia A KW - Heterosexuality KW - Hispanic or Latino KW - HIV KW - Homophobia KW - Homosexuality, Female KW - Homosexuality, Male KW - Humans KW - Ill-Housed Persons KW - Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical KW - Male KW - Mortality KW - Pregnancy KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Risk-Taking KW - Sex Work KW - Sex Workers KW - Sexual and Gender Minorities KW - Sexual Health KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - Transgender Persons KW - Transplant Recipients KW - Transplantation KW - White LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1993/05/01 T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance: U.S. AIDS cases reported through March 1993 VL - 1993 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/256595 ER -
HIV/AIDS Surveillance: AIDS Cases Reported Through December 1992

Centers for Disease Control (U.S.). Center for Infectious Diseases. Division of HIV/AIDS

1993/02/01 | HIV Surveillance Report

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a life-threatening manifestation of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).The <b>HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report</b> is published each month by the Division of HIV/AIDS, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333. An expanded, year-end edition is published ...

Public Domain

Title : HIV/AIDS Surveillance: AIDS Cases Reported Through December 1992 Corporate Authors(s) : Centers for Disease Control (U.S.). Center for Infectious Diseases. Division of HIV/AIDS Published Date : 1993/02/01 Pages in Document : 23 pdf pages Series : HIV Surveillance Report URL : https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32523 Centers for Disease Control (U.S.). Center for Infectious Diseases. Division of HIV/AIDS (1993). HIV/AIDS Surveillance: AIDS Cases Reported Through December 1992. 1993(02). Centers for Disease Control (U.S.). Center for Infectious Diseases. Division of HIV/AIDS "HIV/AIDS Surveillance: AIDS Cases Reported Through December 1992" 1993, no. 02 (1993) Centers for Disease Control (U.S.). Center for Infectious Diseases. Division of HIV/AIDS "HIV/AIDS Surveillance: AIDS Cases Reported Through December 1992" vol. 1993, no. 02, 1993 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - Array A2 - Centers for Disease Control (U.S.). Center for Infectious Diseases. Division of HIV/AIDS AB - Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a life-threatening manifestation of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). AB - The <b>HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report</b> is published each month by the Division of HIV/AIDS, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333. An expanded, year-end edition is published each January. All data contained in the Report are provisional. AB - Contents of the 1992 Year-end Edition: Figure 1. AIDS annual rates per 100.000 population; Figure 2. Adult /adolescent and pediatric AIDS cases; Figure 3. Pediatric AIDS cases; Figure 4. AIDS cases by quarter-year of report; Figure 5. AIDS cases by month of diagnosis, adjusted for reporting delays; Table 1. AIDS cases and annual rates per 100.000 population, by state; Table 2. AIDS cases and annual rates per 100.000 population, by metropolitan area with 500,000 or more population; Table 3. AIDS cases by age group, exposure category, sex, and year of report; Table 4. AIDS cases by age group, exposure category, and race/ethnicity; Table 5. Adult /adolescent AIDS cases by sex, exposure category, and race/ethnicity; Table 6. AIDS cases in adolescents and adults under age 25, by exposure category and year of report; Table 7. AIDS cases by age at diagnosis and exposure category; Table 8. AIDS cases by sex, age at diagnosis , and race/ethnicity; Table 9. AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by race/ethnicity, age group, and sex; Table 10. AIDS cases by year of diagnosis and definition category; Table 11. AIDS-indicator diseases, by age group; Table 12. AIDS cases, case-fatality rates, and deaths, by half-year and age group; Table 13. AIDS deaths by race/ethnicity, age at death, and sex; Table 14. Adult/adolescent AIDS cases among Hispanics, by exposure category and place of birth, reported in 1992, United States; Table 15. Health-care workers with documented and possible occupationally acquired AIDS/HIV infection, by occupation; Table 16. Adult/adolescent AIDS cases by single and multiple exposure categories; Figure 6. Results of investigations of AIDS cases with undetermined risk; and, Technical notes. AB - <b>Series Note:</b> The series of publications Stacks organizes as the <b>"HIV Surveillance Report"</b> has gone through changes in name and publishing frequency since January 1989. AB - <b>Name Changes:</b> The series started out with <b>"HIV/AIDS Surveillance"</b> on its cover masthead in 1989. However, in the publication note on the inside cover, the series is called <b>"HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report."</b> The masthead was updated to <b>"HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report"</b> with the May 1993 release, which also introduced the Volume and Issue numbering scheme. Then in 2008, the masthead and series name changes to <b>"HIV Surveillance Report"</b>. [Note: Stacks uses the most recent Series name, <b>"HIV Surveillance Report"</b>, to organize all previous and current releases.] AB - <b>Publishing Frequency:</b> During the late-1980s, CDC published weekly statistics on HIV cases, entitled <b>"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) weekly surveillance report - United States"</b>. In January 1989 the first "HIV/AIDS Surveillance" monthly report was released, replacing the weekly report. After the January 1992 issue, publication frequency changed to quarterly beginning in April 1992. In June 1994, the publishing frequency changes to two times a year (or semi-annually). In 2003, the publishing frequency shifts to an annual report only. AB - <b>Volume Numbering:</b> Volume and Issue numbering does not appear on the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report until May 1993. This 1993 First Quarter Edition is labeled <b>"Vol. 5, No. 1"</b>. Releases from 1989 through January 1993 are not assigned specific Volume and Issue numbers. [Note: Stacks records may use the Year of Publication (for example: 1989) as Volume Number and the Month of Publication (for example: 02) for the Issue number for ease of sorting.] AB - <b>Subseries:</b> In 1999, the subseries <b>"HIV/AIDS Surveillance Supplemental Report"</b> began. The first <b>"HIV/AIDS Special Surveillance Report"</b> was released in 2003. The only report issued in the <b>"HIV/AIDS Surveillance Technical Report"</b> subseries was released in 2002. AN - cdc:32523 CY - Atlanta, GA IS - 02 KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables KW - DHP_HIV_Reports KW - AIDS KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Epidemics KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - HIV KW - Public Health Surveillance KW - Statistics KW - Tables LA - eng PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) PY - 1993/02/01 T3 - HIV Surveillance Report TI - HIV/AIDS Surveillance: AIDS Cases Reported Through December 1992 VL - 1993 UR - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32523 ER -

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