Organisation of the human pancreas in health and in diabetes

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Diabetologia
• Personal Author:
  Atkinson, Mark A. ; Campbell-Thompson, Martha ; Kusmartseva, Irina ; Kaestner, Klaus H.
• Description:
  For much of the last century, our knowledge regarding the pancreas in type 1 and type 2 diabetes was largely derived from autopsy studies of individuals with these disorders or investigations utilising rodent models of either disease. While many important insights emanated from these efforts, the mode for investigation has increasingly seen change due to the availability of transplant-quality organ-donor tissues, improvements in pancreatic imaging, advances in metabolic assessments of living patients, genetic analyses, technological advances for laboratory investigation and more. As a result, many long-standing notions regarding the role for and the changes that occur in the pancreas in individuals with these disorders have come under question, while, at the same time, new issues (e.g., beta cell persistence, disease heterogeneity, exocrine contributions) have arisen. In this article, we will consider the vital role of the pancreas in human health and physiology, including discussion of its anatomical features and dual (exocrine and endocrine) functions. Specifically, we convey changes that occur in the pancreas of those with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes, with careful attention to the facets that may contribute to the pathogenesis of either disorder. Finally, we discuss the emerging unknowns with the belief that understanding the role of the pancreas in type 1 and type 2 diabetes will lead to improvements in disease diagnosis, understanding of disease heterogeneity and optimisation of treatments at a personalised level. Graphical abstract.
• Subjects:
  Adipose Tissue Amyloidosis Autoimmunity Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Glucagon-Secreting Cells Humans Insulin-Secreting Cells Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Islets Of Langerhans Pancreas Pancreas, Exocrine Somatostatin-Secreting Cells

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• Keywords:
  Anatomy Endocrine Exocrine Function Review Type 1 Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes
• Source:
  Diabetologia. 63(10):1966-1973
• Pubmed ID:
  32894306
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC7565096
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  OT2 OD023861/CD/ODCDC CDC HHSUnited States/ ; OT2 OD023861/OD/NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P0142288/NIH NIAIDInternational/ ; R01 DK122160/DK/NIDDK NIH HHSUnited States/ ; 5-SRA-2018-557-Q-R/JDRF/Juvenile Diabetes Research FoundationUnited States/ ; UC4 DK112217/DK/NIDDK NIH HHSUnited States/ ; UC4 DK108132/DK/NIDDK NIH HHSUnited States/ ; 2018PG-T1D053/The Leona M. & Harry B. Helmsley Charitable TrustInternational/ ; P01 AI042288/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; R01 DK123329/DK/NIDDK NIH HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  63
• Issue:
  10
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:5a743702d005949dfb7a131d7fd401706206368fb89e3648dbb5a45b3fdaebf7
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/95641/cdc_95641_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 785.96 KB ]