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Interaction between Smoking and Body Mass Index and Risk of Oral Clefts
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December 09 2016
Source: Ann Epidemiol. 27(2):103-107.e2
Details:
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Alternative Title:Ann Epidemiol
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Personal Author:
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Description:Purpose
To examine maternal smoking and body mass index (BMI) interactions in contributing to risk of oral clefts.
Methods
We studied 4935 cases and 10,557 controls from 6 population-based studies and estimated a pooled logistic regression of individual-level data, controlling for study fixed effects and individual-level risk factors.
Results
We found a significant negative smoking-BMI interaction, with cleft risk with smoking generally declining with higher BMI. For all clefts combined, the OR for smoking was 1.61 (95% CI: 1.39–1.86) at BMI 17 (underweight), 1.47 (95% CI: 1.34–1.62) at BMI 22 (normal weight), 1.35 (95% CI: 1.22–1.48) at BMI 27 (overweight), 1.21 (95% CI: 1.04–1.41) at BMI 33 (obese), and 1.13 (95% CI: 0.92–1.38) at BMI 37 (very obese). A negative interaction was also observed for isolated clefts and across cleft types but was more pronounced for cleft lip only and cleft palate only.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the risk of oral clefts associated with maternal smoking is largest among underweight mothers, although the smoking-BMI interaction is strongest for cleft lip only and cleft palate only. BMI was not protective for the effects of smoking; a clinically relevant increase in smoking-related cleft risk was still present among heavier women.
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Pubmed ID:28202134
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC5315269
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