Maternal Malaria and Perinatal HIV Transmission, Western Kenya1,2

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Emerg Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Ayisi, John G. ; van Eijk, Anna M. ; Newman, Robert D. ; ter Kuile, Feiko O. ; Shi, Ya Ping ; Yang, Chunfu ; Kolczak, Margarette S. ; Otieno, Juliana A. ; Misore, Ambrose O. ; Kager, Piet A. ; Lal, Renu B. ; Steketee, Richard W. ; Nahlen, Bernard L.
  More +
• Description:
  To determine whether maternal placental malaria is associated with an increased risk for perinatal mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT), we studied HIV-positive women in western Kenya. We enrolled 512 mother-infant pairs; 128 (25.0%) women had placental malaria, and 102 (19.9%) infants acquired HIV perinatally. Log10 HIV viral load and episiotomy or perineal tear were associated with increased perinatal HIV transmission, whereas low-density placental malaria (<10,000 parasites/mL) was associated with reduced risk (adjusted relative risk ARR 0.4). Among women dually infected with malaria and HIV, high-density placental malaria (>10,000 parasites/mL) was associated with increased risk for perinatal MTCT (ARR 2.0), compared to low-density malaria. The interaction between placental malaria and MTCT appears to be variable and complex: placental malaria that is controlled at low density may cause an increase in broad-based immune responses that protect against MTCT; uncontrolled, high-density malaria may simultaneously disrupt placental architecture and generate substantial antigen stimulus to HIV replication and increase risk for MTCT.
• Subjects:
  • Research
  • Female
  • Hiv Infections
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
  • Malaria
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic
  More +
• Source:
  Emerg Infect Dis. 10(4):643-652.
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Kenya
• Location:
  Africa
• Volume:
  10
• Issue:
  4
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/7717/cdc_7717_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 132.17 KB]
• Collection(s):
  Emerging Infectious Diseases
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:346cd6d59abcbc8df27c95c806ec58dfa70d95b7f0bc91b669670decaafb9a7c