Phthalate metabolite exposures among immigrants living in the United States: Findings from NHANES, 1999–2014

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol
• Personal Author:
  Mitro, Susanna D. ; Chu, MyDzung T. ; Dodson, Robin E. ; Adamkiewicz, Gary ; Chie, Lucy ; Brown, Florence M. ; James-Todd, Tamarra M.
• Description:
  Phthalates exposure has been linked to multiple health risks, and US immigrants may have different exposures to phthalates due to lifestyle differences. Urinary concentrations of eight phthalate metabolites (mono-ethyl phthalate MEP, mono-n-butyl phthalate MnBP, mono-isobutyl phthalate MiBP, mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate MCPP, mono-benzyl phthalate MBzP, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate MEHP, mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate MEHHP, mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate MEOHP) were measured in 10318 US-born and 3511 foreign-born individuals from NHANES 1999-2014. Using multivariate adjusted linear regression, we assessed whether phthalate metabolite levels differed by nativity in the whole population, within racial/ethnic groups, and by years in the US. We also tested whether immigrant demographics predicted phthalate metabolite levels. In fully adjusted models, MEP, MnBP, and MiBP were significantly higher, and MBzP significantly lower, among immigrants than US-born participants. Among immigrants, MnBP and MiBP significantly declined with longer time in the US (P| = 0.029 and P| = 0.039, respectively), while MCPP and MBzP significantly rose (P| = 0.019 and P| = 0.043, respectively). Results within each racial/ethnic group were consistent with the whole population. Among immigrants, women had significantly higher metabolite levels than men (all p < 0.01), and MEP, MnBP, and MCPP differed by race/ethnicity. Due to higher phthalate exposures, immigrants may be especially vulnerable to phthalate-associated health problems.
• Subjects:
  • Article
  • Phthalates
  • endocrine disruptors
  • population-based studies
  • biomonitoring
• Source:
  J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 29(1):71-82
• Pubmed ID:
  29572484
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC6151301
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  R01 ES026166/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; T32 ES007069/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; T42 OH008416/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
• Volume:
  29
• Issue:
  1
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/76889/cdc_76889_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 482.28 KB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:443ec171659a484d1cf421f1c71f93867d430ca10f16dc5ae8ff404ba5d740ff