An outbreak of serogroup C meningococcal disease occurred in six counties in the State of Washington from January 1989 through mid-1991. This report describes epidemiologic data collected from hospitals and health departments, the results of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis of isolates, and the vaccination of high-risk populations in one county. A total of 45 confirmed or probable cases (10 per 100,000 population) occurred. Infants younger than age 1, Hispanics and American Indians, and low-income populations had high attack rates. Nine (20 percent) patients died. The predominant enzyme type, ET-22, had not been detected previously in Washington. More than 22,000 persons were vaccinated in one of the counties. Major challenges to health care personnel included deciding when and where to employ vaccination, obtaining sufficient vaccine, and responding to public anxiety.
Scott, D E; Hu, D J; Hanson, I C; Fleming, P L; Northup, T;
Published Date:
1995 May-Jun
Source:
Public Health Rep. 110(3):355-356
Description:
The early referral of HIV-exposed children and their mothers to coordinated medical and social services has become increasingly important. In July 1989, the Missouri Department of Health initiated the Service Coordination Program to provide individua...
Raising fees is one of the primary means that State Medicaid Programs employ to maintain provider participation. While a number of studies have sought to quantify the extent to which this policy retains or attracts providers, few have looked at the i...
Numerous children of migrant and seasonal farm workers live in rural areas of our country. The lifestyles and living conditions of farm workers place the children of these families at high risk for many health problems. However, few studies have focu...
Previous studies have suggested using school-based surveillance to monitor epidemic influenza-like illness in a community. Since the late 1970s, no studies have sought to evaluate this public health measure. The Boulder County Health Department devel...
Rafferty, A P; Thrush, J C; Smith, P K; McGee, H B;
Published Date:
1995 May-Jun
Source:
Public Health Rep. 110(3):282-288
Description:
The validity of self-reported data on the presence of guns in the home obtained in a telephone survey was assessed in samples of households where a hunting license had been purchased or a handgun registered. The survey was conducted among a random sa...
Schuster, M; Cohen, B B; Rodgers, C G; Walker, D K; Friedman, D J; Ozonoff, V V;
Published Date:
1995 May-Jun
Source:
Public Health Rep. 110(3):246-250
Description:
Massachusetts has developed the first State profile of the causes and costs of injury based on the national study, "Cost of Injury in the United States: A Report to Congress." Incidence of fatal injuries is based on Massachusetts data; nonfatal hospi...
In an investigation of 113 cases of clenbuterol poisoning in Catalonia, Spain, in 1992, more than 50 percent of those affected were found to have had symptoms of nervousness, tachycardia, muscle tremors, myalgia, and headache. There was no significan...
The purpose of this study was to develop intrauterine growth curves in a predominantly Hispanic population of low socioeconomic status near sea level and to compare them with published intrauterine growth curves. Infants born at Los Angeles County-Un...
Latino communities bear a disproportionate share of violence-related morbidity and mortality, yet little attention has been given to ethnic-cultural differences and their implications for violence prevention research and health promotion efforts. To ...
Difficulty with recall of injuries can result in underestimates of injury incidence and bias in risk estimates in surveys based on self-reports. This study examined the effect of recall on estimates of at-work injury obtained from the 1988 Occupation...
E codes classify causes of injury as unintentional, intentional, and undetermined. E-coded discharge data from hospitals provide an opportunity to use this source of morbidity data for planning, implementation, and evaluation of injury and violence p...
Based on a claims experience that was extremely low and malpractice insurance rates that remained at "commercial" rates, the Congress concluded in 1992 that coverage of malpractice actions against these grantees and their health care practitioners wo...
The "Rating the States" (RTS) Program of Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) is designed to bring public attention to the status of State government efforts to combat alcohol-impaired driving. MADD's 1993 report, which evaluated each State with a gr...
An inadequate number of trained primary care clinicians limits access to care at Community Health Centers. If family practice residents working in these centers can provide care to patients at a cost that is comparable to the center's hiring its own ...
United States. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.. National Center for Infectious Diseases (U.S.). Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases..
Published Date:
June 30, 2000
Source:
MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports / Centers for Disease Control. 2000; 49(RR-7):1-10.
Description:
This report summarizes and updates an earlier published statement issued by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices concerning the control and prevention of meningococcal disease (MMWR 1997:46[No. RR-5]:1-21) and provides updated recommendat...
United States. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.
Published Date:
February 14, 1997
Source:
MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports / Centers for Disease Control. 1997; 46(RR-5):1-10.
Description:
These recommendations update information regarding the polysaccharide vaccine licensed in the United States for use against disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, C, Y, and W-135, as well as antimicrobial agents for chemoprophylaxis a...
Meningococcal disease is rare in Mauritius; only one case was reported from 1992 to 1999. However, since June 2000, four cases have occurred. Epidemiologic information and typing results indicate that these recent cases probably followed the introduc...
Several countries in Europe and Australia are reporting an increasing incidence of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W (NmW) as a consequence of the rapid expansion of a single NmW clone belonging to clonal complex 11 (1-5). Because this clone is repo...