Correctional systems increasingly serve as the health care nexus for the initial diagnosis and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, particularly among traditionally underserved populations. A survey was conducted to describe the clinical profile of inmates in a State correctional system diagnosed with HIV infection by various testing strategies. Approximately 50 percent of the inmates diagnosed were potential candidates for anti-retroviral therapy, and 17 percent were severely immunocompromised. Implementation of voluntary HIV testing at prison entry increased the number of persons identified with HIV infection; however, since volunteers at entry had higher CD4 cell counts compared with infected inmates diagnosed by other methods, there was not a parallel increase in the percentage requiring immediate medical treatment. These data are important for planning medical resources in the correctional setting and underscore the opportunity to provide prevention and therapy for a vulnerable population with HIV infection. Public health interventions within the correctional setting have a broader societal impact, since most infected inmates serve short sentences (median, 3 years). Clinical case management is critical for inmates with HIV infection released to the community so that linkages with primary care providers and support services can be established.
Because licensure of a chickenpox (varicella) vaccine is likely soon, it is important to ascertain the age-specific incidence of chickenpox. Increasin...
This article is an overview of social and legal differences in the U.S. and in Japan that are related to patterns of current drug abuse epidemics in t...
In a survey of the 50 State health agencies in the spring of 1992, officials were asked about their manpower and research needs in the specific areas ...
To reduce the involvement of young drivers in alcohol-related crashes, 29 States and the District of Columbia have established lower legal blood alcoh...
The Minnesota Prenatal Care Coordination Project was a statewide effort to present systematically education and technical support to providers as they...
The Congress has had a long-time concern about the adequacy of nutrition education provided medical students and physicians during their training. Att...
Because of the similarities in causative agents of Hansen's disease and tuberculosis, Hansen's disease research is now being used in the identificatio...
The recommended treatment of Lyme disease is evolving and important questions remain unanswered, such as (a) Are inexpensive oral regimens effective i...
This is a study of the employment of nonphysician providers--nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and certified nurse midwives--in both rural an...
A number of data sources routinely available to State health departments were analyzed as part of a State health department cancer control planning ef...
In 1990, the Rural Illinois Cancer Consortium initiated an intervention in the management of breast cancer for all rural hospitals. Regional data from...
Although diabetes is a common health problem of the elderly, the impact of diabetes on health and functioning in older persons is not well established...
Biomarkers for detecting early HIV infection and estimating HIV incidence should minimize false-recent rates (FRRs) while maximizing mean duration of ...
BackgroundAttrition along the HIV care continuum slows gains in mitigating the South African HIV epidemic. Understanding population-level gaps in HIV ...
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