Intravenous drug abusers in a methadone program in Minnesota were offered HIV-antibody screening to determine the degree of interest in screening and extent of infection. Thirty-nine (85 percent) were willing to be tested. Only seven refused. All patients were aware of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and their high risk of exposure to the AIDS virus through sharing of injection paraphernalia. None reported exposure to additional risk factors, such as homosexual or bisexual activity or having received a blood transfusion. Of the patients tested, none was positive for HIV antibodies. The high degree of patient interest in screening was unanticipated as was the lack of positive laboratory findings for HIV antibodies. Factors associated with acceptance of testing included patient awareness of high seroprevalence rates, indifference to potential negative social consequences of positive HIV-antibody status, and the voluntary nature of the testing. These findings raise a cautious sense of optimism about HIV-antibody screening for similar risk groups.
This case-control study investigated the potential association between ambient levels of carbon monoxide in a pregnant woman's neighborhood of residence and her chance of delivering a low birth weight infant. Low birth weight infants and normal birth...
A graduate education program in public health for American Indians was introduced in the fall of 1971 at the College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center. The program was initiated with support from the Office of Economic O...
The Indian Health Service (IHS) was transferred from the Department of Interior to the Public Health Service in the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare in 1955. At that time, the general health of Indian people substantially lagged behind th...
A review of surveys on smoking was undertaken by the Smoking, Tobacco, and Cancer Program of the National Cancer Institute as part of its planning for smoking control interventions. Eighteen surveys collecting smoking data were identified. The key pe...
The McLaughlin Public Health Service clinic serves several thousand Lakota people (Sioux) on Standing Rock Indian Reservation, SD. In 1981, a priority-setting exercise established for the first time a grassroots expression of the concerns of the clin...
National Hospice Study data for 1981-82 were used to predict the location of care for terminal cancer patients. Sites of care were conventional care in hospitals, hospital-based hospice care, and hospice care in the home. Subjects were terminal cance...
The objective of this study was to determine how the sales of various segments of the high fiber and nonhigh fiber, ready-to-eat (RTE) cereal market were influenced by a health message advertising campaign about the possible benefits of a high fiber,...
Dolan, M P; Black, J L; Deford, H A; Skinner, J R; Robinowitz, R;
Published Date:
1987 Jul-Aug
Source:
Public Health Rep. 102(4):395-398
Description:
To identify variables that discriminate needle-sharing among drug abusers, 224 male drug abusers were studied. They had been admitted to a 30-day inpatient drug treatment program over a 19-month period (September 1983 through March 1985). The variabl...
The infant mortality rate for 1982 in Jersey City, a medium-sized urban community, was found to have increased sharply from that for 1981. An investigation by health officials revealed that the increase occurred only among infants delivered to Jersey...
Sex education continues to gain prominence as a critical factor in current challenges to the nation's public health. Adolescent pregnancy, with its frequently adverse consequences for the health and well-being of both mother and child, has reached un...
An epidemic of abuse with "T's and blues" began in the late 1970's in which pentazocine-Talwin tablets ("T")--and the antihistamine tripelennamine (known as blues) were crushed, dissolved together, filtered, and injected intravenously. The resulting ...
The Indian Health Service (IHS) is a bureau of the Health Resources and Services Administration, an agency of the Public Health Service. It was formed in 1955 by a transfer of health services from the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of the Inter...
The health care profession is witnessing a shift in focus from the interests and needs of the service provider to those of the potential consumer in an effort to attract and maintain clients. This study illustrates the role that marketing research ca...
This article describes the burden of illness of Indians eligible for services from the Indian Health Service (IHS) and discusses strategies for reducing morbidity and mortality related to those conditions. To improve health to an extent that parallel...
Fluoridation of public water supplies is the best method of preventing dental caries. Yet, many water systems do not maintain the optimal concentration of fluoride. The Community Fluoridation Compliance Index was developed to provide retrospective an...
This study concerns the frequency of visits to the dispensary by workers with vague symptoms of physical illness at a polyvinyl chloride plant in Louisville, KY, where an outbreak of hepatic angiosarcoma occurred. The illness behavior of three cohort...
We undertook a study of the role of methadone maintenance in protecting injecting drug users (IDUs) from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection from the earliest days of the HIV epidemic in New York City to the present. The historical context o...
Dolan, M P; Black, J L; Deford, H A; Skinner, J R; Robinowitz, R;
Published Date:
1987 Jul-Aug
Source:
Public Health Rep. 102(4):395-398
Description:
To identify variables that discriminate needle-sharing among drug abusers, 224 male drug abusers were studied. They had been admitted to a 30-day inpatient drug treatment program over a 19-month period (September 1983 through March 1985). The variabl...
Advisory Committee for the Elimination of Tuberculosis (U.S.). Centers for Disease Control (U.S.).
Published Date:
April 14, 1989
Source:
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. 1989; 38(14):236-8, 243-50.
Description:
These recommendations for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing are intended for all health-care providers in the public and private sectors, including those working in hospital emergency departments, urgent care clinics, inpatient services, sub...
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), a new epidemic disease characterized by dysfunction of cellular immunity, is most common among homosexual and bisexual males with multiple sexual partners and users of intravenous drugs. AIDS appears to be ...
File Type:
[PDF - 1.25 MB]
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