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Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Older Adults Compared with Younger Adults Over Five Seasons
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Feb 28 2018
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Source: Vaccine. 36(10):1272-1278
[PDF-147.25 KB]
Details:
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Alternative Title:Vaccine
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Personal Author:
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Description:Background
There have been inconsistent reports of decreased vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza viruses among older adults (aged ≥65 years) compared with younger adults in the United States. A direct comparison of VE over multiple seasons is needed to assess the consistency of these observations.
Methods
We performed a pooled analysis of VE over 5 seasons among adults aged ≥18 years who were systematically enrolled in the U.S. Flu VE Network. Outpatients with medically-attended acute respiratory illness (cough with illness onset ≤7 days prior to enrollment) were tested for influenza by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We compared differences in VE and vaccine failures among older adult age group (65–74, ≥75, and ≥65 years) to adults aged 18–49 years by influenza type and subtype using interaction terms to test for statistical significance and stratified by prior season vaccination status.
Results
Analysis included 20,022 adults aged ≥18 years enrolled during the 2011–12 through 2015–16 influenza seasons; 4,785 (24%) tested positive for influenza. VE among patients aged ≥65 years was not significantly lower than VE among patients aged 18–49 years against any subtype with no significant interaction of age and vaccination. VE against A(H3N2) viruses was 14% (95% confidence interval [CI]−14% to 36%) for adults ≥65 years and 21% (CI 9%-32%) for adults 18–49 years. VE against A(H1N1)pdm09 was 49% (95% CI 22%-66%) for adults ≥65 years and 48% (95% CI 41%-54%) for adults 18–49 years and against B viruses was 62% (95% CI 44%–74%) for adults ≥65 years and 55% (95% CI 45%-63%) for adults 18–49 years. There was no significant interaction of age and vaccination for separate strata of prior vaccination status.
Conclusions
Over 5 seasons, influenza vaccination provided similar levels of protection among older and younger adults, with lower levels of protection against influenza A(H3N2) in all ages.
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Pubmed ID:29402578
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Pubmed Central ID:PMC5812289
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Volume:36
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Issue:10
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