Enhanced genetic characterization of influenza A(H3N2) viruses and vaccine effectiveness by genetic group, 2014–2015

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Flannery, Brendan ; Zimmerman, Richard K. ; Gubareva, Larisa V. ; Garten, Rebecca J. ; Chung, Jessie R. ; Nowalk, Mary Patricia ; Jackson, Michael L. ; Jackson, Lisa A. ; Monto, Arnold S. ; Ohmit, Suzanne E. ; Belongia, Edward A. ; McLean, Huong Q. ; Gaglani, Manjusha ; Piedra, Pedro A. ; Mishin, Vasiliy P. ; Chesnokov, Anton P. ; Spencer, Sarah ; Thaker, Swathi N. ; Barnes, John R. ; Foust, Angie ; Sessions, Wendy ; Xu, Xiyan ; Katz, Jacqueline ; Fry, Alicia M.
• Description:
  Background
  
  During the 2014–15 US influenza season, expanded genetic characterization of circulating influenza A(H3N2) viruses was used to assess the impact of genetic variability of influenza A(H3N2) viruses on influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE).
  
  Methods
  
  A novel pyrosequencing assay was used to determine genetic group based on hemagglutinin (HA) gene sequences of influenza A(H3N2) viruses from patients enrolled US Flu Vaccine Effectiveness network sites. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated using a test-negative design comparing vaccination among patients infected with influenza A(H3N2) viruses and uninfected patients.
  
  Results
  
  Among 9710 enrollees, 1868 (19%) tested positive for influenza A(H3N2); genetic characterization of 1397 viruses showed 1134 (81%) belonged to one HA genetic group (3C.2a) of antigenically drifted H3N2 viruses. Effectiveness of 2014–15 influenza vaccination varied by A(H3N2) genetic group from 1% (95% confidence interval [CI], −14% to 14%) against illness caused by antigenically drifted A(H3N2) group 3C.2a viruses versus 44% (95% CI, 16% to 63%) against illness caused by vaccine-like A(H3N2) group 3C.3b viruses.
  
  Conclusion
  
  Effectiveness of 2014–15 influenza vaccination varied by genetic group of influenza A(H3N2) virus. Changes in hemagglutinin genes related to antigenic drift were associated with reduced vaccine effectiveness.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 And Over Child, Preschool Female Genetic Drift Genetic Variation Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing Humans Infant Influenza, Human Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype Influenza Vaccines Male Middle Aged Treatment Outcome United States Young Adult

  More +
• Keywords:
  Influenza Influenza Vaccine Pyrosequencing Vaccine Effectiveness
• Source:
  J Infect Dis. 214(7):1010-1019
• Pubmed ID:
  27190176
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5812259
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  UL1 RR024153/RR/NCRR NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01IP000473/ACL/ACL HHSUnited States/ ; U01 IP001034/IP/NCIRD CDC HHSUnited States/ ; UL1 TR001857/TR/NCATS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; UL1 TR000005/TR/NCATS NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U01 IP000466/IP/NCIRD CDC HHSUnited States/ ; U01 IP000471/IP/NCIRD CDC HHSUnited States/ ; U01 IP000474/IP/NCIRD CDC HHSUnited States/ ; U01 IP001037/IP/NCIRD CDC HHSUnited States/ ; U01 IP000467/IP/NCIRD CDC HHSUnited States/ ; U01 IP000473/IP/NCIRD CDC HHSUnited States/ ; CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  214
• Issue:
  7
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:7ea826cf062737187218fd03441031225ed8f3d4e033316855c7fe554a11e4de
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/51829/cdc_51829_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.14 MB ]