Enhanced genetic characterization of influenza A(H3N2) viruses and vaccine effectiveness by genetic group, 2014–2015

Flannery, Brendan; Zimmerman, Richard K.; Gubareva, Larisa V.; Garten, Rebecca J.; Chung, Jessie R.; Nowalk, Mary Patricia; Jackson, Michael L.; Jackson, Lisa A.; Monto, Arnold S.; Ohmit, Suzanne E.; Belongia, Edward A.; McLean, Huong Q.; Gaglani, Manjusha; Piedra, Pedro A.; Mishin, Vasiliy P.; Chesnokov, Anton P.; Spencer, Sarah; Thaker, Swathi N.; Barnes, John R.; Foust, Angie; Sessions, Wendy; Xu, Xiyan; Katz, Jacqueline; Fry, Alicia M.

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Enhanced genetic characterization of influenza A(H3N2) viruses and vaccine effectiveness by genetic group, 2014–2015

Published Date:

May 06 2016

Source:

J Infect Dis. 214(7):1010-1019

Language:

English

[PDF-1.14 MB]

Details:

Alternative Title:

J Infect Dis

Personal Author:

Flannery, Brendan ; Zimmerman, Richard K. ; Gubareva, Larisa V. ; Garten, Rebecca J. ; Chung, Jessie R. ; ... More ▼

Description:

Background

During the 2014–15 US influenza season, expanded genetic characterization of circulating influenza A(H3N2) viruses was used to assess the impact of genetic variability of influenza A(H3N2) viruses on influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE).

Methods

A novel pyrosequencing assay was used to determine genetic group based on hemagglutinin (HA) gene sequences of influenza A(H3N2) viruses from patients enrolled US Flu Vaccine Effectiveness network sites. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated using a test-negative design comparing vaccination among patients infected with influenza A(H3N2) viruses and uninfected patients.

Results

Among 9710 enrollees, 1868 (19%) tested positive for influenza A(H3N2); genetic characterization of 1397 viruses showed 1134 (81%) belonged to one HA genetic group (3C.2a) of antigenically drifted H3N2 viruses. Effectiveness of 2014–15 influenza vaccination varied by A(H3N2) genetic group from 1% (95% confidence interval [CI], −14% to 14%) against illness caused by antigenically drifted A(H3N2) group 3C.2a viruses versus 44% (95% CI, 16% to 63%) against illness caused by vaccine-like A(H3N2) group 3C.3b viruses.

Conclusion

Effectiveness of 2014–15 influenza vaccination varied by genetic group of influenza A(H3N2) virus. Changes in hemagglutinin genes related to antigenic drift were associated with reduced vaccine effectiveness.

Subject:

[+]

Pubmed ID:

27190176

Pubmed Central ID:

PMC5812259

Document Type:

Journal Article

Funding:

UL1 RR024153/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States ; U01IP000473/ACL HHS/United States ; UL1 TR001857/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States ; UL1 TR000005/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States ; U01 IP000473/IP/NCIRD CDC HHS/United States ; ... More ▼

Collection(s):

CDC Public Access

Main Document Checksum:

[+]

Supporting Files:

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