Enterovirus genotypes among patients with severe acute respiratory illness, influenza-like illness, and asymptomatic individuals in South Africa, 2012–2014

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Med Virol
• Personal Author:
  Hellferscee, Orienka ; Tempia, Stefano ; Walaza, Sibongile ; Variava, Ebrahim ; Dawood, Halima ; Wolter, Nicole ; Madhi, Shabir A. ; du Plessis, Mignon ; Cohen, Cheryl ; Treurnicht, Florette K.
• Description:
  Enteroviruses can cause outbreaks of severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) and EV-A, -B, -C, and -D species have different pathogenic profiles and circulation patterns. We aimed to characterize and determine the prevalence of enterovirus genotypes among South African patients with respiratory illness and controls during June 2012 to July 2014. Syndromic SARI and influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance was performed at two sentinel sites. At each site nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal specimens were collected from SARI and ILI patients as well as controls. Specimens were tested for enterovirus by real-time PCR. Positive specimens were further genotyped by sequencing a region of the VP1 gene. The prevalence of enterovirus was 5.8% (87/1494), 3.4% (103/3079), and 3.4% (46/1367) among SARI, ILI, and controls, respectively (SARI/controls, P = 0.002 and ILI/control, P = 0.973). Among the 101/236 (42.8%) enterovirus-positive specimens that could be genotyped, we observed a high diversity of circulating enterovirus genotypes (a total of 33 genotypes) from all four human enterovirus species with high prevalence of Enterovirus-B (60.4%; 61/101) and Enterovirus-A (21.8%; 22/101) compared to Enterovirus-C (10.9%; 11/101) and Enterovirus-D (6.9%; 7/101) (P = 0.477). Of the enterovirus genotypes identified, Echovirus 30 (9.9%, 10/101), Coxsackie virus B5 (7.9%, 8/101) and Enterovirus-D68 (6.9%, 7/101) were most prevalent. There was no difference in disease severity (SARI or ILI compared to controls) between the different enterovirus species (P = 0.167). We observed a high number of enterovirus genotypes in patients with respiratory illness and in controls from South Africa with no disease association of EV species with disease severity.
• Subjects:
  Acute Disease Adolescent Adult Article Asymptomatic Infections Capsid Proteins Child Child, Preschool Enterovirus Enterovirus D, Human Enterovirus Infections Female Genotype Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Influenza, Human Male Middle Aged Nasopharynx Prevalence Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Respiratory Tract Infections Seasons Sentinel Surveillance Virus Diseases Young Adult

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• Source:
  J Med Virol. 89(10):1759-1767
• Pubmed ID:
  28574589
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC5714810
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  U01 IP001048/IP/NCIRD CDC HHS/United States ; U51 IP000155/IP/NCIRD CDC HHS/United States ; U51 IP000528/IP/NCIRD CDC HHS/United States
• Place as Subject:
  South Africa
• Volume:
  89
• Issue:
  10
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:3d13f4ec2a01e3920e02798b5dd3a9fac8317b62a01fbd61f8fd6a3ed4981c05
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/50480/cdc_50480_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.37 MB ]