Details:

Alternative Title:
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
Publisher's site:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182618eea
Personal Author:
Taha, Taha E. ; Dadabhai, Sufia S. ; Sun, Jin ; Rahman, M. Hafizur ; Kumwenda, Johnstone ; ... More +
Taha, Taha E. ; Dadabhai, Sufia S. ; Sun, Jin ; Rahman, M. Hafizur ; Kumwenda, Johnstone ; Kumwenda, Newton ; Less -
Description:
Introduction Continuous evaluation of child survival is needed in sub-Saharan Africa where HIV prevalence among women of reproductive age continues to be high. We examined mortality levels and trends over a period of ~20 years among HIV-unexposed and exposed children in Blantyre, Malawi. Methods Data from five prospective cohort studies conducted at a single research site from 1989-2009 were analyzed. In these studies, children born to HIV-infected and uninfected mothers were enrolled at birth and followed longitudinally for at least two years. Information on socio-demographic, HIV infection status, survival and associated risk factors was collected in all studies. Mortality rates were estimated using birth-cohort analyses stratified by maternal and infant HIV status. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to determine risk factors associated with mortality. Results The analysis included 8,286 children. From 1989-1995, overall mortality rates (per 100 person-years) in these clinic-based cohorts remained comparable among HIV-uninfected children born to HIV-uninfected mothers (range 3.3-6.9) or to HIV-infected mothers (range 2.5-7.5). From 1989-2009, overall mortality remained high among all children born to HIV-infected mothers (range 6.3-19.3), and among children who themselves became infected (range 15.6-57.4, 1994-2009). Only lower birth weight was consistently and significantly (P<0.05) associated with higher child mortality. Conclusions HIV infection among mothers and children contributed to high levels of child mortality in the African setting in the pre-treatment era. In addition to services that prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV, other programs are needed to improve child survival by lowering HIV-unrelated mortality through innovative interventions that strengthen health infrastructure.
Subject:
[+]
Article
Birth Weight
Child, Preschool
Child Mortality
Cohort Effect
Cohort Studies
Female
HIV
HIV Infections
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Pregnancy
Prospective Studies
Child Mortality

Source:
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 61(2):226-234
Pubmed ID:
22692091
Pubmed Central ID:
PMC3458133
Document Type:
Journal Article ;
Funding:
U50-CC0222061/CC/ODCDC CDC HHS/United States ; 5-U50-PS022061-05/PS/NCHHSTP CDC HHS/United States ; P01 AI026499/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States ; P01-AI-26499/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States ; N01 AI035173/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States ; ... More +
U50-CC0222061/CC/ODCDC CDC HHS/United States ; 5-U50-PS022061-05/PS/NCHHSTP CDC HHS/United States ; P01 AI026499/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States ; P01-AI-26499/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States ; N01 AI035173/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States ; 5R03TW01199/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States ; N01-CP-33005/CP/NCI NIH HHS/United States ; N01 CP033005/CP/NCI NIH HHS/United States ; R21-AI-33874-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States ; R03 TW001199/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States ; U50 PS022061/PS/NCHHSTP CDC HHS/United States ; N01-AI-35173-117/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States ; Less -
Place as Subject:
Africa South of the Sahara ; Malawi ;
Africa South of the Sahara ; Malawi ; Less -
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:42428fd8f45bff61fd72f0a616c537489f56bbce2a5968c79cbc010000c72cd6
File Type:

Supporting Files

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