Glycoprotein L-deleted Single-cycle Rhesus Cytomegalovirus Vectors Elicit MHC-E-restricted CD8+ T Cells That Protect Against SIV.

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, MD.: 1950), 2025, v. 214, no. 8: Glycoprotein L-deleted Single-cycle Rhesus Cytomegalovirus Vectors Elicit MHC-E-restricted CD8+ T Cells That Protect Against SIV.
• Journal Article:
  Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, MD.: 1950)
• Personal Author:
  Hansen, Scott G. ; Schell, John B. ; Marshall, Emily E. ; Ojha, Sohita ; Feltham, Shana ; Morrow, David ; Hughes, Colette M. ; Gilbride, Roxanne M. ; Ford, Julia C. ; Cleveland-Rubeor, Hilary C. ; McArdle, Matthew R. ; Whitmer, Travis ; Barber-Axthelm, Aaron ; Bochart, Rachelle ; Smedley, Jeremy ; Oswald, Kelli ; Fast, Randy ; Shoemaker, Rebecca ; Kosmider, Ewelina ; Edlefsen, Paul T. ; Lifson, Jeffrey D. ; Malouli, Daniel ; Früh, Klaus ; Picker, Louis J.
• Description:
  Strain 68-1 rhesus CMV (RhCMV) vectors induce immune responses that mediate early, complete replication arrest of SIV infection in ∼60% of vaccinated rhesus macaques (RMs). This unique efficacy depends on the ability of these vectors to elicit effector memory (EM)-biased CD8+ T cells recognizing SIV peptides presented by MHC-E, rather than MHC-Ia. These efficacious responses still occurred when spread of the 68-1 vector was impaired by deletion of the viral anti-host intrinsic immunity factor phosphoprotein 71 (pp71), but efficacy was lost with a more stringent attenuation strategy based on destabilization of Rh108, the ortholog of the essential human CMV (HCMV) transcription factor UL79 that is required for late viral gene expression. Although unable to produce infectious progeny (ie single-cycle infection), Rh108-deficient vectors elicited durable, high frequency, EM-biased, SIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in RMs, but these responses were MHC-Ia-restricted and therefore non-efficacious. Here, we tested a different single-cycle attenuation strategy based on deletion (Δ) of the glycoprotein L (gL) that is essential for viral entry but allows for late gene expression and viral assembly. ΔgL 68-1 RhCMV/SIV vectors, grown on gL-complementing fibroblasts, were robustly immunogenic at doses above 105 PFU, generating high frequency, EM-biased, SIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses that were also unconventionally restricted, including the MHC-E restriction associated with efficacy. Indeed, these single-cycle vectors manifested replication arrest efficacy in 70% of vaccinated RMs, further linking MHC-E restriction with efficacy, and demonstrating that 68-1 RhCMV/SIV efficacy does not require vector dissemination within the host.
• Content Notes:
  Author manuscript
• Subjects:
  • Animals
  • Macaca mulatta
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
  • Cytomegalovirus
  • Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
  • Genetic Vectors
  • Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
  • SAIDS Vaccines
  • Humans
  More +
• Keywords:
  • CD8
  • +
  • T cells
  • CMV vectors
  • HIV vaccine
  • MHC-E
• Source:
  Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, MD.: 1950), 2025, v. 214, no. 8
• DOI:
  https://doi.org/10.1093/jimmun/vkaf104
• ISSN:
  0022-1767 ; 1550-6606
• Pubmed ID:
  40420384
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC12396747
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  R01 AI059457/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P51 OD011092/OD/NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P01 AI174856/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; 75N91019D00024/CA/NCI NIH HHSUnited States/ ; 75N91019D00024/NH/NIH HHSUnited States/ ; U19 AI128741/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P51 OD011092/CD/ODCDC CDC HHSUnited States/ ; OPP1107409/Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation/ ; R01 AI175459/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/ ; P01 AI094417/AI/NIAID NIH HHSUnited States/
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Pages in Document:
  1969-1981 (25 pdf pages)
• Volume:
  214
• Issue:
  8
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/261384/cdc_261384_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.71 MB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:e306ec80a934701106e414c0d09209680fdd454184af63142ccd4b27179f39ae43f97c781d59a30d10f632d9c0a22f60ea96ce66460ae8dd5888dcc925edafca