Time-Based Conflict and Trade-Offs: Work-Family-School Conflict and Health Behaviors

Details

• Journal Article:
  Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being
• Personal Author:
  Horan, Kristin A. ; Su, Shiyang
• Description:
  Individuals face many barriers to healthy behaviors, including a lack of time. Some research finds that individuals "borrow" from time that could be spent on health to "pay" for demands in other domains of their lives. This study aims to further explore these trade-offs as they are motivated by a broader set of life domains (assessing conflict across work, family, and school domains) and as they relate to participation in multiple health behaviors (examining sleep, diet, and exercise behaviors). This study also aims to provide insights that could reduce trade-offs, identifying individual and organizational characteristics that moderate the work-family-school conflict and health behavior relationship. Finally, we aim to better understand the decisional and motivational processes influencing trade-offs by examining the value placed on each health behavior. Seventy-three employed students completed a daily diary study assessing daily levels of work-family-school conflict and behaviors related to sleep, diet, and exercise. Multi-level modeling revealed a curvilinear relationship between work-family-school conflict and exercise and a negative linear relationship between work-family-school conflict and sleep. Proactive personality and time management moderated the work-family-school conflict and exercise relationship. Coping moderated the relationship between work-school-family conflict and daily time spent sleeping. Family supportive supervisor behaviors and workplace health climate moderated the relationship between work-family-school conflict and exercise. A latent profile analysis revealed differences in value placed on various health behaviors, and these value profiles moderated the relationship between work-family-school conflict and exercise. These results shed light on the trade-offs that may take place for busy individuals when time is scarce and provide insights that could be useful in promoting valuable health behaviors.
• Subjects:
  Exercise Occupational Health Safety Work-Life Balance
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Exercise; Health Behaviors; Nutrition; Sleep; Work-family-school Conflict Behavior; Work-family Conflict; Sleep; Diet; Nutrition; Work Organization; Physical Exercise; Coping Behavior; Wellbeing; Occupational Psychology;
• Source:
  Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2025 Aug; 17(4):e70041
• ISSN:
  1758-0846
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Florida ; Georgia ; Atlanta Region [OSHA] ; Birmingham Region [OSHA]
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  32 pdf pages
• Volume:
  17
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20071484
• Contact Point Address:
  Kristin A. Horan, Department of Psychological Science, Kennesaw State University, 402 Bartow Ave NW, Kennesaw, Georgia, 30144
• Email:
  kristin.horan@kennesaw.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2025
• Performing Organization:
  Sunshine Education and Research Center, University of South Florida
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• End Date:
  20290630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:1d0835fe0156284c4a4fd3c086a182191b386c34b96c68383265ce84487fa278498dae0e5b37867c9b967849904cd6e4ae5191a217ad268346b329c1d2a2463d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/259082/cdc_259082_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.39 MB ]