Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 2015 Case Definition

Details

• Corporate Authors:
  Office of Public Health Data, Surveillance, and Technology
• Description:
  NOTE: A surveillance case defi nition is a set of uniform criteria used to defi ne a disease for public health surveillance.Surveillance case defi nitions enable public health offi cials to classify and count cases consistently across reportingjurisdictions. Surveillance case defi nitions are not intended to be used by healthcare providers for making a clinicaldiagnosis or determining how to meet an individual patient’s health needs.
  
  Background: Hantaviruses are pathogens carried by, and transmitted to humans, from rodents. Humans can contract hantavirus infection when they come into contact with infected rodents or their urine and droppings. The clinical syndrome of HPS or hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome was first recognized in 1993 and has since been identified throughout the United States. Although rare, Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) is frequently fatal, with a case fatality rate of 36%. Patients with hantavirus infection typically present in a nonspecific way with a relatively short febrile prodrome lasting 3-5 days. In addition to fever and myalgias, early symptoms include headache, chills, dizziness, non- productive cough, nausea, vomiting, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. Malaise, diarrhea, and lightheadedness are reported by approximately half of all patients, with less frequent reports of arthralgias, back pain, and abdominal pain. Symptoms of HPS generally do not develop until approximately day seven, when pulmonary symptoms such as cough and tachypnea commence. Patients may report shortness of breath. Once the cardiopulmonary phase begins, however, the disease progresses rapidly, necessitating hospitalization and often ventilation within 24 hours. In a small proportion of patients with hantavirus infection, cardio-pulmonary symptoms do not develop. These patients would be considered to have Hantavirus infection, non-HPS.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Communicable Diseases Disease Notification Hantavirus Infections Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome / Epidemiology Orthohantavirus Public Health Surveillance Zoonoses
• Keywords:
  Hantavirus
• Publisher:
  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.)
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Guidance
• Place as Subject:
  United States
• CIO:
  Office of Public Health Data, Surveillance, and Technology
• Topic:
  Diseases & Conditions
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  2 pdf pages
• Collection(s):
  Infectious Diseases
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:fb024d206dedf81f8e4b27fabd7a6659b3c6a5223b7625b1eb7306223bda82a048f43a6078054dc705831db28684d95d64ebd993700a51d085f954b51e5619e7
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/256285/cdc_256285_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 63.92 KB ]