Assessing environmental exposures.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Curwin B ; Whelan, Elizabeth A. ; Curwin B ; Whelan, Elizabeth A.
• Description:
  An epidemic of chronic kidney disease of unknown or nontraditional causes (CKDu) has been occurring in agricultural workers in warm regions of the word, in particular in sugarcane workers in Central America. The disease is thought to be driven by occupational factors, with the leading hypothesis that it is caused by heat stress and dehydration due to excessive workload and exacerbated by exposures to environmental toxicants. Specific environmental exposures of concern include pesticides (glyphosate), arsenic, and leptospirosis. Sugarcane workers may also be exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) when harvesting burnt cane and silica from soil and cane bagasse, though these are not considered factors in CKDu. Most speculated causal scenarios involve the same mechanism: repeated subclinical insults to the kidney or overt acute kidney injury (AKI) episodes leading to CKD. However, CKD may also occur directly and environmental exposures can be involved in both mechanisms. Individuals receive exposures from both work and general environments in a unique manner. It is important to recognize that either mechanism of CKD is affected by individual susceptibility factors and that social determinants play a role in mediating the impact of any exposure or dose. Agricultural exposure sampling can be done in a variety of ways, including personal breathing zone sampling, area air sampling, wipe sampling and biomonitoring. However, several design and logistical issues need to be considered, including timing of sampling, security, health advisories, and locations that are hot, humid and rural. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Agriculture Environmental Exposure Hot Temperature Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Kidney disorders; Exposure assessment; Agricultural workers; Sugar industry; Outdoor workers; Heat exposure; Environmental exposure
• Publisher:
  National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary ; Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies ; DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Pages in Document:
  7
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20065462
• Citation:
  NIDDK-NIEHS Workshop on Chronic Kidney Diseases in Agricultural Communities, June 25-26, 2018, Bethesda, Maryland. Bethesda, MD: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), 2018 Jun; :7
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2018
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  NIDDK-NIEHS Workshop on Chronic Kidney Diseases in Agricultural Communities, June 25-26, 2018, Bethesda, Maryland
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:23900bc5d687a30cafbd35c0c5280e1ec1c08a898b254b6b7f1c22e120c480d4e98f56d6f7fa03802d601cb18927c52f11b17d12e7910ed8214dc4ff251497fb
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/248568/cdc_248568_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 184.28 KB ]