Toxicokinetics and metabolism of delayed neurotoxic organophosphorus esters.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Abou-Donia MB
• Description:
  The metabolism, neurotoxic effects and excretion of organophosphorus esters were reviewed and discussed. Tri aromatic organophosphorus esters discussed included tri-o-cresyl-phosphate (78308) and tri-p- ethylphenyl-phosphate. Aliphatic aromatic organophosphorus esters discussed included phenylphosphonothioates, leptophos (21609905), and EPN (2104645). Among the aliphatic organophosphorus esters, the review provided information concerning O,O- diisopropylphosphorofluoridate (55914), S,S,S-tri-N-butyl- phosphorotrithioate (78488), and S,S,S-tri-N-butyl- phosphorotrithioite (150505). Studies have indicated that rodents metabolize and excrete neurotoxic organophosphorus esters efficiently. Adult chickens, however, have difficulty carrying out these processes. The cat is between the rodents and chickens in efficiency. The author concludes that the hen model may exaggerate the effect of neurotoxic organophosphorus esters. Therefore, extrapolating findings from the chicken to man may overestimate the risk or hazard to humans of exposure to organophosphorus esters. The author suggests that the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of organophosphorus esters may be important factors in species and age related sensitivities for organophosphate induced delayed neurotoxicity. Animals that are sensitive to delayed neurotoxicity have a higher accumulation rate, coupled with slower elimination of the neurotoxic agent. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Energy Metabolism Insecticides Nervous System Nervous System Diseases Occupational Health Organophosphates Safety Toxicology
• Keywords:
  NIOSH-Publication; NIOSH-Grant; Neurotoxic-effects; Nervous-system-disorders; Organo-phosphorus-compounds; Pesticides; Neuropathology; Metabolic-study; Comparative-toxicology
• ISSN:
  0161-813X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  North Carolina ; OSHA Region 4
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  113-129
• Volume:
  4
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00232167
• Citation:
  Neurotoxicology 1983 Jan; 4(1):113-129
• Contact Point Address:
  Pharmacology Duke University Department of Pharmacology Durham, N C 27710
• CAS Registry Number:
  Diisopropyl fluorophosphate (CAS RN 55-91-4) ; Leptophos (CAS RN 21609-90-5) ; Merphos (CAS RN 150-50-5) ; o-Cresyl phosphate (CAS RN 78-30-8) ; O-Ethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) phenylphosphonothioate (CAS RN 2104-64-5) ; Tribufos (CAS RN 78-48-8)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1983
• NORA Priority Area:
  Neurotoxic Disorders ; Neurotoxic Effects
• Performing Organization:
  Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19790401
• Source Full Name:
  Neurotoxicology
• End Date:
  19980331
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/247841/cdc_247841_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]