Biochemical toxicology of organophosphorus compounds.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Abou-Donia MB
• Description:
  The toxicology of organophosphorus compounds was reviewed and discussed. Most of the organophosphorus chemicals in use have served as insecticides, acaricides, fungicides, or cotton defoliants. Most organophosphorus insecticides were contact poisons, but systemic organophosphorus insecticides were absorbed by plants. Some were used during World War-II as potential chemical warfare agents. Some have been used as treatment for glaucoma and to treat children's sleepwear, rendering it flame retardant. Other industrial uses included plasticizers and industrial fluids used in the application of wall coverings and in plasticized automotive upholstering. The action of these compounds through the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase was described. Signs and symptoms of acute poisoning, diagnosis, and treatment of organophosphorus poisoning were outlined. Information was provided concerning organophosphorus induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN), including mechanisms of OPIDN. The organophosphorus induced late acute effects was described and discussed. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Agriculture Chemical Warfare Agents Enzymes Nervous System Nervous System Diseases Occupational Health Organophosphates Safety
• Keywords:
  NIOSH-Publication; NIOSH-Grant; Neurotoxic-effects; Organo-phosphorus-compounds; Agricultural-chemicals; Enzyme-activity; Nervous-system-disorders; Chemical-warfare-agents
• ISSN:
  0161-813X
• Publisher:
  Marcel Dekker, Inc.
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; North Carolina ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 4
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  423-444
• Volume:
  7
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00185751
• Citation:
  Neurotoxicology 1985 Jan; 7(1):423-444
• Contact Point Address:
  Pharmacology Duke University Department of Pharmacology Durham, N C 27710
• Editor(s):
  Blum K; Manzo L
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1985
• NORA Priority Area:
  Neurotoxic Disorders ; Neurotoxic Effects
• Performing Organization:
  Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19790401
• Source Full Name:
  Neurotoxicology
• End Date:
  19980331
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/247662/cdc_247662_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]