The influence of an oxidation catalytic converter and fuel composition on the chemical and biological characteristics of diesel exhaust emissions.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bagley ST ; Gratz LD ; McClure BT
• Description:
  In an effort to control harmful diesel fuel emissions the effects of oxidation catalytic converters (OCC) and fuel composition on the characteristics of diesel emissions were studied. Samples collected from an Engelhart PTX 10 DVC OCC located in the exhaust stream of an indirect injection Caterpillar 3304 PCNA mining engine using a transient cycle were analyzed for diesel particulate matter (DPM), mutagenic activity, and the presence of mutagenic and carcinogenic polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The OCC decreased the range of soluble organic factors (SOF) and XAD-2 resin organic component (XOC) concentrations generated by both low aromatics diesel (LAD) and cetane adjusted (CA) fuel. Only the LAD fuel significantly decreased the concentration of soluble organic fraction. DPM concentrations were decreased by the OCC. Significantly lower levels of DPM, SOF, and SOL and significantly higher levels of XOC were seen with LAD compared with CA fuel, without use of the OCC; whereas with the OCC significantly lower levels of DPM and SOL were seen with LAD compared to CA fuel. The OCC significantly decreased the mutagenic activity of DPM extracts from both fuels and increased XOC associated mutagenic activity. LAD fuel generated emissions with significantly increased mutagenic activities on a mass basis compared with CA. Use of the OCC significantly decreased all PAH with the exception of benzo(a)pyrene (50328). CA fuel had significantly lower emission levels for pyrene (129000), benz(a)anthracene (56553), and benzo(b)fluoranthene (205992) with or without the OCC compared with LAD fuel. The authors conclude that OCCs in combination with low sulfur fuel have the potential to decrease exposure to harmful components of diesel exhaust. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Mining Mutagens Occupational Health Particulate Matter Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Safety Vehicle Emissions
• Keywords:
  NIOSH-Grant; Control-technology; Exhaust-gases; Diesel-exhausts; Airborne-particles; Control-equipment; Air-quality-control; Mutagenicity; Aromatic-hydrocarbons; Underground-mining
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Report
• Place as Subject:
  Michigan ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Pennsylvania
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  271-288
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00232498
• Citation:
  The Engineering Society for Advancing Mobility Land Sea Air and Space International, Technical Paper Series, No. 920854, Warrendale, Pennsylvania (Reprinted from Diesel Particulate Control, Trap, and Filtration Systems, SP-896) 1992 Jan; :271-288
• Contact Point Address:
  Biological Sciences Michigan Technological Univ. Dept. Biological Sciences Houghton, MI 49931
• CAS Registry Number:
  Benz[e]acephenanthrylene (CAS RN 205-99-2) ; Benzanthracene (CAS RN 56-55-3) ; Benzo[a]pyrene (CAS RN 50-32-8) ; Pyrene (CAS RN 129-00-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1992
• NORA Priority Area:
  Research Tools and Approaches: Control Technology and Personal Protective Equipment
• Performing Organization:
  Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  19890101
• Source Full Name:
  The Engineering Society for Advancing Mobility Land Sea Air and Space International, Technical Paper Series, No. 920854, Warrendale, Pennsylvania (Reprinted from Diesel Particulate Control, Trap, and Filtration Systems, SP-896)
• End Date:
  19931031
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/243485/cdc_243485_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]