Effects of a catalyzed diesel particle filter on the chemical and biological character of emissions from a diesel engine used in underground mines.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bagley ST ; Baumgard KJ ; Bickel, Kenneth L. ; Gratz LD ; Watts, Winthrop F. Jr.
• Description:
  In an effort to decrease the adverse effects associated with exposure to diesel exhausts in underground mines the effects of a catalyzed diesel particle filter (CDPF) and low sulfur fuel on diesel emissions were studied. Samples collected from a naturally aspirated Caterpillar 3304, prechamber, 84 horsepower engine during transient and steady state operations, with and without a precious metal CDPF, were analyzed for carbon-monoxide (630080), oxides of nitrogen, flame ionization detectable hydrocarbons, diesel particulate matter (DPM), and XAD-2 resin organic component (XOC). In addition, DPM and XOC samples were tested for biological activity and for the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Use of the CDPF significantly decreased carbon-monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions and significantly increased the emission of nitrogen oxides. Use of the CDPF also reduced the emission of DPM by 90%, soluble organic fraction (SOF) by 99%, and XOC by 82%. The emission of sulfates increased by 460% with the use of the CDPF but was 70% lower than that seen using regular fuel and no control device. The mutagenic activity of the DPM SOF with the CDPF was increased 60% compared with baseline activity; however, a 75% reduction in DPM associated activity and a 98% decrease in mutagenic concentrations were seen due to the large decrease in SPF levels with use of the CDPF. An 80% decrease in XOC mutagenic activity concentrations and a 70% decrease in DPM associated mutagenic concentrations were seen with the CDPF. Fluoranthene (206440) and pyrene (129000) were the PAHs present in the highest concentrations; these levels were reduced 99% in the SOF and 91% and 86%, respectively, in the XOC, with the CDPF. The authors conclude that the CDPF appears to be useful in decreasing DPM concentrations without adversely affecting other exhaust pollutants. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Mining Mutagens Occupational Health Particulate Matter Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Safety Vehicle Emissions
• Keywords:
  NIOSH-Grant; Control-technology; Exhaust-gases; Diesel-exhausts; Airborne-particles; Control-equipment; Air-quality-control; Mutagenicity; Aromatic-hydrocarbons; Underground-mining
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Michigan ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Pennsylvania
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  1-12
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00232497
• Citation:
  The Engineering Society for Advancing Mobility Land Sea Air and Space International, Technical Paper Series 911840, Warrendale, Pennsylvania 1991 Jan; :1-12
• Contact Point Address:
  Biological Sciences Michigan Technological Univ. Dept. Biological Sciences Houghton, MI 49931
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbon monoxide (CAS RN 630-08-0) ; Fluoranthene (CAS RN 206-44-0) ; Pyrene (CAS RN 129-00-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1991
• NORA Priority Area:
  Research Tools and Approaches: Control Technology and Personal Protective Equipment
• Performing Organization:
  Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  19890101
• Source Full Name:
  The Engineering Society for Advancing Mobility Land Sea Air and Space International, Technical Paper Series 911840, Warrendale, Pennsylvania
• End Date:
  19931031
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/243484/cdc_243484_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]