Neurologic and Behavioral Disorders.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Baker EL Jr.
• Description:
  Occupationally related neurological and behavioral disorders were reviewed. The problem of neurotoxicant exposures in the workplace was discussed and illustrated by a case history of a chemical industry employee who developed neuropsychological problems due to exposure to mercury (7439976). The pathophysiology of peripheral (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) disorders was reviewed. The most prominent features of PNS damage consist of segmental demyelination and axonal degeneration of nerve fibers. CNS damage typically results from disruption of neurotransmitter metabolism and inhibition of synaptic transmission. Agents that induce pathological changes in the PNS included lead (7439921), chlordecone (143500), and carbon-monoxide (630080). Agents that attack both the PNS and CNS included acrylamide (79061), n-hexane (110543), methyl-n- butyl-ketone (591786), carbon-disulfide (75150), tri-ortho-cresyl- phosphate (78308), and other organophosphorus compounds. The clinical aspects of behavioral disorders by neurotoxic agents were discussed. Exposure to industrial neurotoxicants can result in a wide spectrum of effects ranging from mild fatigue to overt psychoses. Recent memory appeared to be the cognitive function most effected by neurotoxicant exposure. The diagnosis and management of occupationally induced neurologic disorders were considered. The neuropathological effects of lead, mercury, organophosphate insecticides, and organic solvents were reviewed. Mass psychogenic illness and its diagnosis and management were discussed. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Case Reports Diagnosis Mental Disorders Mental Health Metals, Heavy Nervous System Occupational Diseases Occupational Health Safety Solvents
• Keywords:
  Central-nervous-system; Peripheral-nervous-system; Neurotoxicity; Organic-solvents; Psychological-disorders; Occupational-diseases; Clinical-diagnosis; Heavy-metals; Case-studies; Neuropathology
• ISBN:
  9780316522472
• Publisher:
  Little, Brown and Company
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Book
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  399-413
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00214406
• Citation:
  Occupational Health, Recognizing and Preventing Work-Related Disease, Second Edition. Levy BS, Wegman DH, eds., Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1988 Jan; :399-413
• CAS Registry Number:
  2-Hexanone (CAS RN 591-78-6) ; Acrylamide (CAS RN 79-06-1) ; Carbon disulfide (CAS RN 75-15-0) ; Carbon monoxide (CAS RN 630-08-0) ; Chlordecone (CAS RN 143-50-0) ; Hexane (CAS RN 110-54-3) ; Lead (CAS RN 7439-92-1) ; Mercury (CAS RN 7439-97-6) ; o-Cresyl phosphate (CAS RN 78-30-8)
• Editor(s):
  Levy BS; Wegman DH
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1988
• NORA Priority Area:
  Psychologic Disorders
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Occupational Health, Recognizing and Preventing Work-Related Disease, Second Edition
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/243272/cdc_243272_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]