Sensory irritation: the use of an animal model to establish acceptable exposure to airborne chemical irritants.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Alarie Y ; Barrow C ; Kane L
• Description:
  The use of a mouse model for determining human exposure limits to airborne chemical irritants was reviewed. Requirements of modelling included a characteristic response applicable to measuring protocols, an adequate anatomical and physiological basis for the measured response, demonstrable dose response relationships, and qualitative correlations between the human and animal effects observed. Changes in the expiratory pattern and respiratory rate of male Swiss-Webster-mice were compared to predicted human sensory responses such as burning sensations of the eyes, nose, and throat following exposure to a variety of sensory irritants. Discussion included predictions of human sensory irritation levels from the concentration resulting in a 50 percent decrease in respiratory rate (RD50) values obtained in the male Swiss-Webster-mice, the proposed relationship of the RD50 concentration values to industrial and environmental standards, adaptation effects, cumulative effects due to repeated exposures, and the evaluation of mixtures and thermal decomposition products. The author suggests that the animal model can predict sensory irritation in humans for new chemicals and chemical mixtures and can be used to make quantitative predictions for human responses while allowing evaluation of the relationship between exposure conditions and response level. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Air Pollution, Indoor Environmental Exposure Irritants Laboratories Occupational Health Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety
• Keywords:
  NIOSH-Grant; Pulmonary-system-disorders; Air-contamination; Respiratory-irritants; Laboratory-animals; Analytical-models; Environmental-exposure; Threshold-limit-values
• ISBN:
  9780471713401
• Publisher:
  Wiley
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Book
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; Pennsylvania
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  48-92
• Volume:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00185572
• Citation:
  Toxicology: Principles and Practice. Reeves AL, Sperling F, eds., New York: Wiley, 1981 Jan; 1:48-92
• Contact Point Address:
  Occupational Health University of Pittsburgh 130 DE Soto Street Pittsburgh, PA 15213
• Editor(s):
  Reeves AL; Sperling F
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1981
• NORA Priority Area:
  Pulmonary System Disorders
• Performing Organization:
  University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  19711001
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology: Principles and Practice
• End Date:
  19860531
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7dc847c09aedf140bc731323e8446b4703641ae07d6ad9e7b7238120dab30b8f7dcaa9b938d34d035f87873a0fe7fec262d5d13dcaf290925445e82b6de3b57d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/242733/cdc_242733_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.02 KB ]